hedonicadj.n.

Brit.

/hiːˈdɒnɪk/,

/hᵻˈdɒnɪk/, U.S.

/hiˈdɑnɪk/

Etymology: < Greek ἡδονικός pleasurable, < ἡδονή pleasure.

A. adj.

1. Of or relating to pleasure. (In first quot. applied to the Cyrenaic school of philosophers: see B. 1) In wider use, chiefly in Psychology: of, pertaining to, or involving pleasurable or painful sensations or feelings, considered as affects. Spec. hedonic tone, the degree of pleasantness or unpleasantness associated with an experience or state, esp. considered as a single quantity that can range from extreme pleasure to extreme pain.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > [adjective]

hedonic1656

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > pain or pleasure in mental state > [adjective]

hedonical1897

hedonic1901

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > pain or pleasure in mental state > [noun] > degree of

hedonic tone1901

1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 3 Aristippus..instituted a Sect called Cyrenaick from the Place, by some Hedonick, or voluptuous from the Doctrine.

a1866 J. Grote Exam. Utilit. Philos. (1870) xi. 182 ‘Hedonic’ knowledge.

1880 Mind 5 88 The defects of Mill's Hedonic philosophy.

1901 G. F. Stout Man. Psychol. (ed. 2) i. i. 63 When we wish to say that pleasure or displeasure belongs to this or that mental process, we say that the process is pleasantly or unpleasantly toned. Hedonic-tone is a generic term for pleasure and the reverse, considered as attributes of this or that mental process.

1901 G. F. Stout Man. Psychol. (ed. 2) i. i. 63 Anger has hedonic-tone, mostly of an unpleasant kind.

1932 J. G. Beebe-Center Psychol. Pleasantness & Unpleasantness i. 6 In the present volume..the general algebraic variable, whose positive values correspond to pleasantness and whose negative values correspond to unpleasantness, will be called hedonic tone.

1940 Jrnl. Exper. Psychol. 26 233 The oscillations of hedonic tone in his case are slight, and the tone rises continuously from the beginning, in spite of pain and fatigue.

1940 Jrnl. Exper. Psychol. 26 227 While Ss worked Es took their tapping rate every minute..and in a number of cases called at stated intervals for a rating on a previously agreed hedonic scale.

1952 D. J. O'Connor John Locke 51 By pleasure and pain Locke..is referring to what the psychologists nowadays call the hedonic tone of our experiences which can be roughly measured on a scale ranging from very pleasant through mildly pleasant, neutral, mildly unpleasant to very unpleasant.

1961 P. T. Young Motivation & Emotion v. 153 The sign, intensity, and temporal changes of affective processes can be represented upon the hedonic continuum.

2. Zoology. Of or pertaining to sexual activity; hedonic gland, any of various specialized glands found in many reptiles and amphibia that serve, apparently by secreting an attractive-smelling substance, to attract members of the opposite sex.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > reptiles > [noun] > parts of

atterc1000

fingera1398

spear1608

pecten1713

supraciliary1838

postocular1856

patagium1857

podotheca1864

pretemporal1866

keeled scale1870

postnasal1871

prenasal1886

supracoracoid1897

hedonic gland1901

guanophore1924

chorio-allantois1933

the world > animals > amphibians > [noun] > member of (amphibian) > parts of

tarsus1676

lateral line1740

sideline1769

fat-body1868

pylangium1874

urostyle1875

supracoracoid1897

hedonic gland1901

supracleithrum1903

prepubis1931

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [adjective] > relating to sexual activity

hedonic1901

1901 Cambr. Nat. Hist. VIII. x. 443 All the recent Crocodilia possess two pairs of skin-glands, both secreting musk... The use of these strongly scented organs, which are possessed by both sexes, is obviously hedonic.

1901 Cambr. Nat. Hist. VIII. Index 658/2 Hedonic glands (ἡδονή, lust).

1931 G. K. Noble Biol. Amphibia vi. 137 The secretions of the hedonic glands of newts and plethodontid salamanders have no recognizable odor and yet they seem to function in holding the attention of the female during courtship.

1960 H. M. Smith Evol. Chordate Struct. xiii. 344 A large number of integumentary glands of spotty distribution among vertebrates are of hedonic function.

B. n.

†1. One who maintains that pleasure is the proper end of action; applied to the ancient Greek school of philosophers (Greek οἱ ἡδονικοί) otherwise called Cyrenaics (Cyrenaic adj. and n.). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. ii. 75 Our Fellow-Atheists, the Hedonicks and Cyrenaicks.

2. plural hedonics n. The doctrine of pleasure; that part of ethics which treats of pleasure.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > moral philosophy > hedonism > [noun]

hedonism1856

hedonics1865

hedonologya1866

1865 J. Grote Treat. Moral Ideals (1876) ii. 14 The unideal form of eudæmonics of which I have spoken is hedonics, or a science of indolentia.

a1866 J. Grote Exam. Utilit. Philos. (1870) ii. 181 Hedonics, or the science of human pleasure.

1879 Mill Hill Mag. June 6 And now one rises to bepraise John Stuart Mill's hedonics.

Derivatives

heˈdonically adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > pain or pleasure in mental state > [adverb]

hedonically1951

1951 H. A. Murray in T. Parsons & E. A. Shils Toward Gen. Theory Action iv. iii. 456 The kinds of events that are hedonically negative and the kinds that are hedonically positive.

1951 H. A. Murray in T. Parsons & E. A. Shils Toward Gen. Theory Action iv. iii. 457 The aim of all needs is hedonically positive (in the imagination).

1961 P. T. Young Motivation & Emotion ii. 49 It is reasonable to assume that playful behavior is generally enjoyable, hedonically positive.

Draft additions March 2017

hedonic damages n. U.S. Law damages awarded in compensation for a diminished capacity to enjoy life as a result of a wrongful act.

ΚΠ

1984 PR Newswire (Nexis) 27 Nov. A federal jury in Chicago has awarded $850,000 in ‘hedonic’ damages to the family of a 19-year old man who was killed by a..policeman.

1990 Jrnl. Business Ethics 9 709/1 Hedonic damages were in excess of $900,000.

2013 Mass. Lawyers Weekly (Nexis) 17 Oct. His..methodology is..not likely to assist the jury in valuing hedonic damages.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hedonic
释义	hedonicadj.n. Brit. /hiːˈdɒnɪk/, /hᵻˈdɒnɪk/, U.S. /hiˈdɑnɪk/ Etymology: < Greek ἡδονικός pleasurable, < ἡδονή pleasure. A. adj. 1. Of or relating to pleasure. (In first quot. applied to the Cyrenaic school of philosophers: see B. 1) In wider use, chiefly in Psychology: of, pertaining to, or involving pleasurable or painful sensations or feelings, considered as affects. Spec. hedonic tone, the degree of pleasantness or unpleasantness associated with an experience or state, esp. considered as a single quantity that can range from extreme pleasure to extreme pain. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > [adjective] hedonic1656 the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > pain or pleasure in mental state > [adjective] hedonical1897 hedonic1901 the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > pain or pleasure in mental state > [noun] > degree of hedonic tone1901 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 3 Aristippus..instituted a Sect called Cyrenaick from the Place, by some Hedonick, or voluptuous from the Doctrine. a1866 J. Grote Exam. Utilit. Philos. (1870) xi. 182 ‘Hedonic’ knowledge. 1880 Mind 5 88 The defects of Mill's Hedonic philosophy. 1901 G. F. Stout Man. Psychol. (ed. 2) i. i. 63 When we wish to say that pleasure or displeasure belongs to this or that mental process, we say that the process is pleasantly or unpleasantly toned. Hedonic-tone is a generic term for pleasure and the reverse, considered as attributes of this or that mental process. 1901 G. F. Stout Man. Psychol. (ed. 2) i. i. 63 Anger has hedonic-tone, mostly of an unpleasant kind. 1932 J. G. Beebe-Center Psychol. Pleasantness & Unpleasantness i. 6 In the present volume..the general algebraic variable, whose positive values correspond to pleasantness and whose negative values correspond to unpleasantness, will be called hedonic tone. 1940 Jrnl. Exper. Psychol. 26 233 The oscillations of hedonic tone in his case are slight, and the tone rises continuously from the beginning, in spite of pain and fatigue. 1940 Jrnl. Exper. Psychol. 26 227 While Ss worked Es took their tapping rate every minute..and in a number of cases called at stated intervals for a rating on a previously agreed hedonic scale. 1952 D. J. O'Connor John Locke 51 By pleasure and pain Locke..is referring to what the psychologists nowadays call the hedonic tone of our experiences which can be roughly measured on a scale ranging from very pleasant through mildly pleasant, neutral, mildly unpleasant to very unpleasant. 1961 P. T. Young Motivation & Emotion v. 153 The sign, intensity, and temporal changes of affective processes can be represented upon the hedonic continuum. 2. Zoology. Of or pertaining to sexual activity; hedonic gland, any of various specialized glands found in many reptiles and amphibia that serve, apparently by secreting an attractive-smelling substance, to attract members of the opposite sex. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > reptiles > [noun] > parts of atterc1000 fingera1398 spear1608 pecten1713 supraciliary1838 postocular1856 patagium1857 podotheca1864 pretemporal1866 keeled scale1870 postnasal1871 prenasal1886 supracoracoid1897 hedonic gland1901 guanophore1924 chorio-allantois1933 the world > animals > amphibians > [noun] > member of (amphibian) > parts of tarsus1676 lateral line1740 sideline1769 fat-body1868 pylangium1874 urostyle1875 supracoracoid1897 hedonic gland1901 supracleithrum1903 prepubis1931 the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [adjective] > relating to sexual activity hedonic1901 1901 Cambr. Nat. Hist. VIII. x. 443 All the recent Crocodilia possess two pairs of skin-glands, both secreting musk... The use of these strongly scented organs, which are possessed by both sexes, is obviously hedonic. 1901 Cambr. Nat. Hist. VIII. Index 658/2 Hedonic glands (ἡδονή, lust). 1931 G. K. Noble Biol. Amphibia vi. 137 The secretions of the hedonic glands of newts and plethodontid salamanders have no recognizable odor and yet they seem to function in holding the attention of the female during courtship. 1960 H. M. Smith Evol. Chordate Struct. xiii. 344 A large number of integumentary glands of spotty distribution among vertebrates are of hedonic function. B. n. †1. One who maintains that pleasure is the proper end of action; applied to the ancient Greek school of philosophers (Greek οἱ ἡδονικοί) otherwise called Cyrenaics (Cyrenaic adj. and n.). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. ii. 75 Our Fellow-Atheists, the Hedonicks and Cyrenaicks. 2. plural hedonics n. The doctrine of pleasure; that part of ethics which treats of pleasure. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > moral philosophy > hedonism > [noun] hedonism1856 hedonics1865 hedonologya1866 1865 J. Grote Treat. Moral Ideals (1876) ii. 14 The unideal form of eudæmonics of which I have spoken is hedonics, or a science of indolentia. a1866 J. Grote Exam. Utilit. Philos. (1870) ii. 181 Hedonics, or the science of human pleasure. 1879 Mill Hill Mag. June 6 And now one rises to bepraise John Stuart Mill's hedonics. Derivatives heˈdonically adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > study of emotions > pain or pleasure in mental state > [adverb] hedonically1951 1951 H. A. Murray in T. Parsons & E. A. Shils Toward Gen. Theory Action iv. iii. 456 The kinds of events that are hedonically negative and the kinds that are hedonically positive. 1951 H. A. Murray in T. Parsons & E. A. Shils Toward Gen. Theory Action iv. iii. 457 The aim of all needs is hedonically positive (in the imagination). 1961 P. T. Young Motivation & Emotion ii. 49 It is reasonable to assume that playful behavior is generally enjoyable, hedonically positive. Draft additions March 2017 hedonic damages n. U.S. Law damages awarded in compensation for a diminished capacity to enjoy life as a result of a wrongful act. ΚΠ 1984 PR Newswire (Nexis) 27 Nov. A federal jury in Chicago has awarded $850,000 in ‘hedonic’ damages to the family of a 19-year old man who was killed by a..policeman. 1990 Jrnl. Business Ethics 9 709/1 Hedonic damages were in excess of $900,000. 2013 Mass. Lawyers Weekly (Nexis) 17 Oct. His..methodology is..not likely to assist the jury in valuing hedonic damages. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1656
随便看	decompensated decompensates decompensating decompensation decompensations decompile decompiled decompiler decompilers decompiles decompiling decomplement decomplementation decomplemented decomplementing decomplex decompone decomponent decomponible decomponit decomposabilities decomposability decomposable decompose decomposed