heart of oakn.

Brit.

/hɑːt əv ˈəʊk/, U.S.

/ˌhɑrd əv ˈoʊk/

Inflections: Plural hearts of oak.

Forms: see heart n. and of prep. and oak n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: heart n., of prep., oak n.

Etymology: < heart n. + of prep. + oak n. With use in sense 2 compare heart n. 22.

1. The heartwood of the oak. Cf. heart n. 15.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > hero > person of mettle

heart1340

heart of oakc1384

bolda1400

doughtya1400

stalworthc1400

sternc1400

Ironsidea1470

stalwart1508

galliard1532

lada1556

stoutheart1556

hardydardy1593

valour1609

valiant1610

fireman1648

hearty1790

my (also me) hearty1839

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > oak > heartwood of

heart of oakc1384

spine-oak1825

c1384 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 231 (MED) The seyd Richard Wyllesdon Schall..byld..All the Fronntte of the seyde soyle..of Storyes..propossenyd of sufficient tymbre, All only of herte of oke.

1439 in Jrnl. Brit. Archæol. Assoc. (1868) 25 118 John Edwards..shal makyn a roof of the hert of ook only competent to the wallys of the Chapel of Seynt John atte Hille in Bury.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxix^v Gete the stakes of hert of oke.

1607 G. Markham Cavelarice v. 3 Now for the plaunchers of your stable..they shold be of the best hart of Oake that can be gotten.

1659 T. Willsford Architectonice 16 3 kinds, viz. heart of Oak, sap and Deal lath.

1719 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 7) 187 The most convenient..is a Lattice of quarter'd Wood, or Heart of Oak.

1742 W. Ellis Timber-tree Improved II. 10 Nothing rots even Heart of Oak sooner, than by letting it become sometimes wet and sometimes dry.

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. II. 505/2 (table) A Table of specific gravities... Vegetable productions... Ebony 1.177. Olibanum 1.1732. Heart of Oak, 60 years old 1.1700.

1868 R. F. Burton Let. 26 Aug. in Lett. Battle-fields Paraguay (1870) 344 Brazilian sucupira and peroba, more rigid and durable than our heart of oak.

1942 Life 18 May 42/2 (caption) Rib timbers, cut from heart of oak, have been steamed and arched on the bending slab.

1975 Times 25 Sept. 16/6 The central hub or nave [of a wheel] is made from elm seasoned for 10 years. The spokes were heart of oak.

2004 P. Barbour et al. France (ed. 2) 478 The entire space is filled with a set of 113 stalls, made of heart of oak, soaked in water for 50 years to harden.

2. figurative. A person with a strong, courageous nature, esp. a brave and loyal soldier or sailor; (also) a courageous or valorous spirit. Frequently in plural. Cf. heart n. 22. Now somewhat archaic.The patriotic naval anthem popularly known as Hearts of Oak was written (originally for the pantomime Harlequin's Invasion) by David Garrick in 1759, the year of celebrated British military and naval victories at Minden, Quiberon Bay, and Quebec ( New Oxf. Compan. Music (1983), p. 850).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > [noun] > one who is courageous

lionc1175

pretty man1573

heart of oak1600

lion-heart1832

hearty1905

1600 A. Munday et al. First Pt. True Hist. Sir I. Old-castle sig. C4 Oh wel said M. Harpoole, you are heart of oake when all's done.

1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix Epil. sig. M2^v You my little Swaggerers that fight lowe: my tough hearts of Oake that stand too't so valliantly.

1609 Old Meg of Hereford-shire sig. C2 Yonkers, that haue hearts of Oake at fourescore yeares.

1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 221 He was..a heart of oke, and a pillar of the Land.

1760 New Song in Universal Mag. Mar. 152 Heart of oak are our ships, heart of oak are our men.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Buonaparte in Poems 5 He thought to quell the stubborn hearts of oak.

1894 R. D. Blackmore Perlycross III. viii. 147 A British Tar..a true heart of oak, re-membered also in the same fine material.

1969 P. O'Brian Master & Commander (1970) vi. 191 No jolly tars, no hearts of oak, no Britons never, never, in this grey stench of a crapulous dawn.

2007 R. Mabey Beechcombings (2008) i. 12 In 17th-century England famously, the oak became a symbol of national pride and naval aspiration, the spiritual—as well as material—source of the people's ‘hearts of oak’.

3. In plural form Hearts of Oak. (The members of) an Irish non-sectarian organization which protested, often violently, against taxes for the building of new roads, and tithes exacted by the Church of Ireland. Cf. Oakboy n. at oak n. Compounds 3. historical in later use. The movement formed in 1763 and chiefly involved the people of Armagh, Tyrone, and Monaghan.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator > specific

hearts of oak1763

frame-breaker1811

blanketeers1823

Rockite1823

Rebeccaite1843

plug-drawer1888

Greenham woman1982

1763 Gentleman's & London Mag. July 438/1 The rioters, to the number of 20,000, commit great outrages, assaulting some, and threatening others... They now call themselves Hearts of Oak.

1805 J. B. Gordon Hist. Ireland II. xxxvii. 241 The inhabitants..of Armagh rose in a tumult, and their example was soon followed..[by] those of Tyrone, Derry, and Fermanagh. Styling themselves Hearts of Oak,..they marched openly..but committing no murders nor plunder, and very little personal violence.

1905 A. M. Nolan Hist. Ireland for Schools, Acad. & Colleges (1911) xxvii. 249 The Hearts of Oak, a union of men who resented the compulsory road-making and the exorbitant rents.

1989 D. H. Fischer Albion's Seed 631 Tenants banded together in violent vigilante groups called Hearts of Steel and Hearts of Oak.

2006 Hist. Jrnl. 49 404 Historians have dissected the agrarian protest movements..at some length. From Rightboys to Whiteboys, and Houghers to Hearts of Oak.

Compounds

General attributive (also in plural form hearts of oak).

ΚΠ

1840 Caledonian Mercury 20 Feb. It would only spoil sport were we to give a sketch of the adventures of the hearts of oak boys with which she was manned.

1895 Q. Rev. Oct. 320 Thrashers, Whiteboys, Heart-of-Oak-boys..and other offspring of agrarian and political discontent.

1948 H. L. V. Fletcher Herefordshire 195 There is no ‘hearts of oak’ ring about the name to stir one's emotions.

1999 Soldier June 42/1 It could have been more emphatic had the Navy not played a ‘hearts of oak’ game to keep the score within respectable bounds.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	heart of oak
释义	heart of oakn. Brit. /hɑːt əv ˈəʊk/, U.S. /ˌhɑrd əv ˈoʊk/ Inflections: Plural hearts of oak. Forms: see heart n. and of prep. and oak n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: heart n., of prep., oak n. Etymology: < heart n. + of prep. + oak n. With use in sense 2 compare heart n. 22. 1. The heartwood of the oak. Cf. heart n. 15. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > hero > person of mettle heart1340 heart of oakc1384 bolda1400 doughtya1400 stalworthc1400 sternc1400 Ironsidea1470 stalwart1508 galliard1532 lada1556 stoutheart1556 hardydardy1593 valour1609 valiant1610 fireman1648 hearty1790 my (also me) hearty1839 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > oak > heartwood of heart of oakc1384 spine-oak1825 c1384 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 231 (MED) The seyd Richard Wyllesdon Schall..byld..All the Fronntte of the seyde soyle..of Storyes..propossenyd of sufficient tymbre, All only of herte of oke. 1439 in Jrnl. Brit. Archæol. Assoc. (1868) 25 118 John Edwards..shal makyn a roof of the hert of ook only competent to the wallys of the Chapel of Seynt John atte Hille in Bury. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxix^v Gete the stakes of hert of oke. 1607 G. Markham Cavelarice v. 3 Now for the plaunchers of your stable..they shold be of the best hart of Oake that can be gotten. 1659 T. Willsford Architectonice 16 3 kinds, viz. heart of Oak, sap and Deal lath. 1719 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 7) 187 The most convenient..is a Lattice of quarter'd Wood, or Heart of Oak. 1742 W. Ellis Timber-tree Improved II. 10 Nothing rots even Heart of Oak sooner, than by letting it become sometimes wet and sometimes dry. 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. II. 505/2 (table) A Table of specific gravities... Vegetable productions... Ebony 1.177. Olibanum 1.1732. Heart of Oak, 60 years old 1.1700. 1868 R. F. Burton Let. 26 Aug. in Lett. Battle-fields Paraguay (1870) 344 Brazilian sucupira and peroba, more rigid and durable than our heart of oak. 1942 Life 18 May 42/2 (caption) Rib timbers, cut from heart of oak, have been steamed and arched on the bending slab. 1975 Times 25 Sept. 16/6 The central hub or nave [of a wheel] is made from elm seasoned for 10 years. The spokes were heart of oak. 2004 P. Barbour et al. France (ed. 2) 478 The entire space is filled with a set of 113 stalls, made of heart of oak, soaked in water for 50 years to harden. 2. figurative. A person with a strong, courageous nature, esp. a brave and loyal soldier or sailor; (also) a courageous or valorous spirit. Frequently in plural. Cf. heart n. 22. Now somewhat archaic.The patriotic naval anthem popularly known as Hearts of Oak was written (originally for the pantomime Harlequin's Invasion) by David Garrick in 1759, the year of celebrated British military and naval victories at Minden, Quiberon Bay, and Quebec ( New Oxf. Compan. Music (1983), p. 850). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > [noun] > one who is courageous lionc1175 pretty man1573 heart of oak1600 lion-heart1832 hearty1905 1600 A. Munday et al. First Pt. True Hist. Sir I. Old-castle sig. C4 Oh wel said M. Harpoole, you are heart of oake when all's done. 1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix Epil. sig. M2^v You my little Swaggerers that fight lowe: my tough hearts of Oake that stand too't so valliantly. 1609 Old Meg of Hereford-shire sig. C2 Yonkers, that haue hearts of Oake at fourescore yeares. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 221 He was..a heart of oke, and a pillar of the Land. 1760 New Song in Universal Mag. Mar. 152 Heart of oak are our ships, heart of oak are our men. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Buonaparte in Poems 5 He thought to quell the stubborn hearts of oak. 1894 R. D. Blackmore Perlycross III. viii. 147 A British Tar..a true heart of oak, re-membered also in the same fine material. 1969 P. O'Brian Master & Commander (1970) vi. 191 No jolly tars, no hearts of oak, no Britons never, never, in this grey stench of a crapulous dawn. 2007 R. Mabey Beechcombings (2008) i. 12 In 17th-century England famously, the oak became a symbol of national pride and naval aspiration, the spiritual—as well as material—source of the people's ‘hearts of oak’. 3. In plural form Hearts of Oak. (The members of) an Irish non-sectarian organization which protested, often violently, against taxes for the building of new roads, and tithes exacted by the Church of Ireland. Cf. Oakboy n. at oak n. Compounds 3. historical in later use. The movement formed in 1763 and chiefly involved the people of Armagh, Tyrone, and Monaghan. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator > specific hearts of oak1763 frame-breaker1811 blanketeers1823 Rockite1823 Rebeccaite1843 plug-drawer1888 Greenham woman1982 1763 Gentleman's & London Mag. July 438/1 The rioters, to the number of 20,000, commit great outrages, assaulting some, and threatening others... They now call themselves Hearts of Oak. 1805 J. B. Gordon Hist. Ireland II. xxxvii. 241 The inhabitants..of Armagh rose in a tumult, and their example was soon followed..[by] those of Tyrone, Derry, and Fermanagh. Styling themselves Hearts of Oak,..they marched openly..but committing no murders nor plunder, and very little personal violence. 1905 A. M. Nolan Hist. Ireland for Schools, Acad. & Colleges (1911) xxvii. 249 The Hearts of Oak, a union of men who resented the compulsory road-making and the exorbitant rents. 1989 D. H. Fischer Albion's Seed 631 Tenants banded together in violent vigilante groups called Hearts of Steel and Hearts of Oak. 2006 Hist. Jrnl. 49 404 Historians have dissected the agrarian protest movements..at some length. From Rightboys to Whiteboys, and Houghers to Hearts of Oak. Compounds General attributive (also in plural form hearts of oak). ΚΠ 1840 Caledonian Mercury 20 Feb. It would only spoil sport were we to give a sketch of the adventures of the hearts of oak boys with which she was manned. 1895 Q. Rev. Oct. 320 Thrashers, Whiteboys, Heart-of-Oak-boys..and other offspring of agrarian and political discontent. 1948 H. L. V. Fletcher Herefordshire 195 There is no ‘hearts of oak’ ring about the name to stir one's emotions. 1999 Soldier June 42/1 It could have been more emphatic had the Navy not played a ‘hearts of oak’ game to keep the score within respectable bounds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1384
随便看	wipe the ground with wipe the mouth of wipe the slate wipe the slate clean wipe up the floor or ground with wipe-clean wipe-dissolve wipeable wipeclean wiped wiped out wipedissolve wipeout wipeouts wiper wiper arm wiper blade wiper switch wipers wipes wipes out wiping wiping head wiping out wiping-bar