hirseln.

Brit.

/ˈhəːs(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˈhərs(ə)l/, Scottish English

/ˈhɪrs(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English hirsill, hyresel, hersale, Middle English hyrsale, 1700s– hirsel, (1700s hirdsell, hirsle, 1800s hersell, hirsell).

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse hirzla.

Etymology: < Old Norse hirzla < hirðsla custody, safe-keeping, < hirða to herd, tend (sheep, etc.); but the northern English and Scots word has always been concrete, and intimately connected in sense with hird , herd n.²

Scottish and northern dialect.

a. The flock of sheep under the charge of a shepherd; the entire stock of sheep on one farm.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > flock of

eowdeOE

hirsel1366

shallow1550

sheepfold1590

oviary1623

keepinga1642

1366 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 55 Ordinatum est..quod quilibet eorum teneat hirsill' et quod custodiant porcos..citra..ne quis eorum teneat porcos absque hirsill'.

1378 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 148 Quilibet teneat hirsill cum porcis.

1728 A. Ramsay Robert Richy & Sandy 4 Tenting his hirsle on the moorland green.

1737 A. Ramsay Coll. Scots Prov. (1776) 10 (Jam.) Ae scabbed sheep will smit the hale hirdsell.

1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 95 A hirsel of sheep animates the moor above.

1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Hirsel, the general sheep stock belonging to a hill stock-farmer.

b. figurative. A spiritual flock, a church.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > religion > a religion or church > [noun]

churcheOE

kirkc1175

spousea1200

lawa1225

lorea1225

religionc1325

faithc1384

sectc1386

seta1387

leara1400

hirselc1480

professiona1513

congregation1526

communion1553

schism1555

segregation1563

sex1583

hortus conclususa1631

confessiona1641

dispensation1643

sectary1651

churchship1675

cult1679

persuasion1732

denomination1746–7

connection1753

covenant1818

sectarism1821

organized religion1843

c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 670 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 26 Hyrde of goddis hersale all!

c1480 (a1400) St. James Less 848 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 174 Þat mene in þis hale world sal se bot a hyrde & a hyresel be.

1880 A. Somerville Autobiogr. 26 I had an easy hirsel and never wearied.

c. The ground occupied by a flock of sheep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > grassland > [noun] > pasture > sheep pasture

heafc1525

sheep-gate1535

herdwick1537

fold-course1538

wether gang1561

sheep-walk1586

sheep's course1623

sheep-weald1634

sheep-rake1653

sleighta1697

sheep-leasea1722

sheep-sleighta1722

hirsel1822

sheep-run1826

sheep-heaf1844

shepherd land1892

heft1960

1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel III. ii. 50 Being in a strange country, like a poor lamb that has wandered from its own native hirsel.

1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 723/2.

1886 C. Scott Pract. Sheep-farming 122 He will be able to divide the hill into ‘hirsels’, and the hirsel again into ‘cuts’.

1922 Glasgow Herald 16 Dec. 4 There they are fed for days..till the hirsels are green again.

1944 G. Henderson Farming Ladder i. 28 A mountain sheep farm, or hirsel, is selected in such a manner that food and shelter can be obtained by the stock.

1965 Punch 3 Mar. 325/2 The Welsh fridd system, which keeps sheltered grazing fresh for lambing time, is so much better than the Scottish hirsel (where the flock grazes all the year round on one hill) that is rapidly winning popularity.

2. transferred. A company or number to look after; a ‘lot’ of persons or things of one kind.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun]

queleta1382

congregationc1384

numberc1400

hirselc1425

company1439

assemblement1470

bundle1535

sort1563

raccolta1591

bevy1604

crew1607

congest1625

concoursea1628

nest1630

comportation1633

racemationa1641

assembly1642

collect1651

assemblage1690

faggot1742

museum1755

pash1790

shock1806

consortium1964

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xi. 33 Thai thowcht for-thi mare honesté..to sla thame [prisoners] in mellé, Than swilke ane hyrsalle for till hald.

1808–80 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) It is common to speak of a hirsell of folk, a hirsell of bairns, etc.

1818 J. Hogg Brownie of Bodsbeck I. 160 Ye're just telling a hirsel o'eendown lees.

a1845 Hodgson MS. in Northumbld. Gloss. (at cited word) A great hirsel of wood or of corn stacks.

Derivatives

hirsel v. Scottish and northern transitive to arrange in hirsels, form a hirsel of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > rear sheep or wool [verb (transitive)] > form into flocks

hirsel1794

1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XIII. 573 (Jam.) In these [farms] there is room to hirsel or keep separate different kinds of sheep.

1802 C. Findlater Gen. View Agric. County of Peebles 195 The principles of hirseling are, to class into separate flocks such sheep as are endowed with different abilities.

1805 A. Scott Poems 14 (Jam.) When a' the rout gat hirsel'd right.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hirsel
释义	hirseln. Brit. /ˈhəːs(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈhərs(ə)l/, Scottish English /ˈhɪrs(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English hirsill, hyresel, hersale, Middle English hyrsale, 1700s– hirsel, (1700s hirdsell, hirsle, 1800s hersell, hirsell). Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse hirzla. Etymology: < Old Norse hirzla < hirðsla custody, safe-keeping, < hirða to herd, tend (sheep, etc.); but the northern English and Scots word has always been concrete, and intimately connected in sense with hird , herd n.² Scottish and northern dialect. 1. a. The flock of sheep under the charge of a shepherd; the entire stock of sheep on one farm. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > flock of eowdeOE hirsel1366 shallow1550 sheepfold1590 oviary1623 keepinga1642 1366 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 55 Ordinatum est..quod quilibet eorum teneat hirsill' et quod custodiant porcos..citra..ne quis eorum teneat porcos absque hirsill'. 1378 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 148 Quilibet teneat hirsill cum porcis. 1728 A. Ramsay Robert Richy & Sandy 4 Tenting his hirsle on the moorland green. 1737 A. Ramsay Coll. Scots Prov. (1776) 10 (Jam.) Ae scabbed sheep will smit the hale hirdsell. 1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 95 A hirsel of sheep animates the moor above. 1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Hirsel, the general sheep stock belonging to a hill stock-farmer. b. figurative. A spiritual flock, a church. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > religion > a religion or church > [noun] churcheOE kirkc1175 spousea1200 lawa1225 lorea1225 religionc1325 faithc1384 sectc1386 seta1387 leara1400 hirselc1480 professiona1513 congregation1526 communion1553 schism1555 segregation1563 sex1583 hortus conclususa1631 confessiona1641 dispensation1643 sectary1651 churchship1675 cult1679 persuasion1732 denomination1746–7 connection1753 covenant1818 sectarism1821 organized religion1843 c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 670 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 26 Hyrde of goddis hersale all! c1480 (a1400) St. James Less 848 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 174 Þat mene in þis hale world sal se bot a hyrde & a hyresel be. 1880 A. Somerville Autobiogr. 26 I had an easy hirsel and never wearied. c. The ground occupied by a flock of sheep. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > grassland > [noun] > pasture > sheep pasture heafc1525 sheep-gate1535 herdwick1537 fold-course1538 wether gang1561 sheep-walk1586 sheep's course1623 sheep-weald1634 sheep-rake1653 sleighta1697 sheep-leasea1722 sheep-sleighta1722 hirsel1822 sheep-run1826 sheep-heaf1844 shepherd land1892 heft1960 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel III. ii. 50 Being in a strange country, like a poor lamb that has wandered from its own native hirsel. 1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 723/2. 1886 C. Scott Pract. Sheep-farming 122 He will be able to divide the hill into ‘hirsels’, and the hirsel again into ‘cuts’. 1922 Glasgow Herald 16 Dec. 4 There they are fed for days..till the hirsels are green again. 1944 G. Henderson Farming Ladder i. 28 A mountain sheep farm, or hirsel, is selected in such a manner that food and shelter can be obtained by the stock. 1965 Punch 3 Mar. 325/2 The Welsh fridd system, which keeps sheltered grazing fresh for lambing time, is so much better than the Scottish hirsel (where the flock grazes all the year round on one hill) that is rapidly winning popularity. 2. transferred. A company or number to look after; a ‘lot’ of persons or things of one kind. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] queleta1382 congregationc1384 numberc1400 hirselc1425 company1439 assemblement1470 bundle1535 sort1563 raccolta1591 bevy1604 crew1607 congest1625 concoursea1628 nest1630 comportation1633 racemationa1641 assembly1642 collect1651 assemblage1690 faggot1742 museum1755 pash1790 shock1806 consortium1964 c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xi. 33 Thai thowcht for-thi mare honesté..to sla thame [prisoners] in mellé, Than swilke ane hyrsalle for till hald. 1808–80 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) It is common to speak of a hirsell of folk, a hirsell of bairns, etc. 1818 J. Hogg Brownie of Bodsbeck I. 160 Ye're just telling a hirsel o'eendown lees. a1845 Hodgson MS. in Northumbld. Gloss. (at cited word) A great hirsel of wood or of corn stacks. Derivatives hirsel v. Scottish and northern transitive to arrange in hirsels, form a hirsel of. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > rear sheep or wool [verb (transitive)] > form into flocks hirsel1794 1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XIII. 573 (Jam.) In these [farms] there is room to hirsel or keep separate different kinds of sheep. 1802 C. Findlater Gen. View Agric. County of Peebles 195 The principles of hirseling are, to class into separate flocks such sheep as are endowed with different abilities. 1805 A. Scott Poems 14 (Jam.) When a' the rout gat hirsel'd right. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1366
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