单词 | hire |
释义 | hiren. 1. Payment contracted to be made for the temporary use of anything. (In Old English, esp. for money lent; usury, interest.) to be or have on hire, to let (†put, set) to hire, i.e. at the service of another in consideration of payment made by him. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > hire or rent > [noun] hirec1000 layc1175 wage1447 rent1891 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] hirec1000 shipec1000 shipingc1275 servicec1300 soldc1330 wage1338 payment1370 reward1371 pay?a1400 mercedec1400 remunerationc1400 souldie1474 emolument1480 soldery1502 stipend?1518 entertainment1535 task-money1593 consideration1607 gratuitya1637 wadage1679 addling1757 solde1852 treatment1852 screw1853 time1877 money1887 wage payment1923 c1000 Ælfric Deut. xxiii. 19 Ne læne þine breþer nan þing to hire. c1000 Ælfric Lev. xxv. 37 Ne syle þu þin feoh to hyre. c1000 Ecgberht's Penit. iii. Proem. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6778 Elles noght..I lete to hire for ani mede. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 509 He sette nought. his benefice to hyre [v.rr. hire, huyre]. 1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) iii. v. 53 Longe tyme haue ye putte youre tonges to hyre, ye witnessers of falshede. 1483 Cath. Angl. 186/2 To let to Hire, locare. 1495–7 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 186 Payed to Richard Yoksale of Portesmouth ffor the hyre of hys bote. 1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 250 Ffreight & hyre of a crayer. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark xii. f. lxij A certayne man planted a vine yarde..and lett it out to hyre vnto husbandemen. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 93 Of him that in..streate keepeth horses to hier. 1587 F. James in C. R. L. Fletcher Collectanea (1885) I. 199 Bote hyre from Lambeth. 1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. i. 13 The hire is pretty reasonable both for the Vessels, and the Men. 1717 tr. A. F. Frézier Voy. South-Sea 109 Paying him the King's Duty, and the Hire of the Mill. 1870 W. M. Baker New Timothy 161 To keep one's conscience, too, on hire, as that drunken Isham..at the livery-stable does a horse. 1898 N.E.D. at Hire Mod. Bicycles on hire. 2. Payment contracted to be made for personal service; wages. ΚΠ ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 155 Ed halden oðeres. hure ouer his richte terme nis hit reaflac strong. c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 285/242 He scholde him paye is huyre. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke x. 7 Forsothe a workman is worthi his hyre. a1400 Sir Beues (A.) 2972 And of þe meistri icham sure, Ȝif he wile ȝilde min hure. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 283 a/2 They..sayd they wold brynge hym thyder without ony freyght or huyr. 1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 76 For the scole hyer of the same Edward..every quarter viij d. ijs. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 61 What aske you for your hyer?.. I will contente myself with a small hier. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 277 Their testimony against preaching for hire. 1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. 4 They had other thoughts besides those of their hire and wages. 3. figurative. Reward, recompense, payment (for work or service of any kind). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > [noun] shipec1000 rightOE yielda1200 hire?c1225 foryieldinga1300 tithinga1300 rentc1300 lowera1325 guerdon?a1366 recompensationa1382 retributionc1384 reward?1387 reguerdona1393 rewardon?a1400 mercimonyc1400 pensionc1400 remunerationc1400 recompensec1425 wardonc1480 salary1484 premiationa1513 requital1556 repayment1561 requite1561 renumeration1572 remisea1578 lieu1592 reguerdonment1599 gratulation1611 muneration1611 requit1786 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 314 Hare hure schal beon þe eche blisse of heoue [?a1289 Scribe D heouene]. a1300 Cursor Mundi 23192 Sathanas..sal casten be..in a stincand stang o fire; þar sal be yolden him his hire. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. vi. 22 Treuli the hyris of synne, deeth. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 29 Our lorde god shal ones rewarde them their hyre. c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) xxxii. 10 Schort plesour, lang displesour; Repentence is the hyre. 1608 D. Tuvill Ess. Politicke, & Morall f. 2v Some..that thinke the very disturbance of things established, a sufficient hyre to set them on worke. 1841 G. P. R. James Brigand iv And make her hand the hire of this Savoyard. 4. The action of hiring or fact of being hired. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > hiring or renting > [noun] hiringc1400 conduction1538 renting1552 hire1615 1615 J. Stephens Satyrical Ess. 189 The dispersed hire of acquaintance to extoll things indifferent. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. iv. 74 Ay, it is the duty of thy hire. 1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xiv. 357 A savage hire,—and the wages he receives are as dispiteous. 1898 N.E.D. at Hire Mod. To arrange for the hire of a horse. Compounds C1. attributive, as hire-car, hire-carriage, hire-payer, hire-wage. Also hiregang n., hireman n., hire-woman n. ΚΠ 1483 Cath. Angl. 186/2 An Hire payer, mercedarius. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xvi. 134 b To digge in the field for hire wages from daie to daye. 1901 R. Kipling Kim v. 122 The woman, she kept kabarri shop near where the hire-carriages are. 1947 E. Afr. Ann. 1946–7 28/2 (advt.) Largest fleet of hire cars in Kenya. 1964 R. Braddon Year Angry Rabbit xi. 94 It was her hire car that rammed the car taking Dorfmann and Welch to the deportation ship. 1966 Times 28 Feb. (Canada Suppl.) p. ii Planes and hire-cars whisk you to the magic. C2. hire-purchase n. a system by which a hired article becomes, by virtue of a stipulated number of payments, the property of the hirer; used esp. attributively; also as v. Cf. H.P. n. at H n. Initialisms. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > [noun] > hire purchase time payment1852 consumers' credit1886 hire-purchase1895 never-never1926 society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (intransitive)] > incrementally or hire purchase hire-purchase1895 staircase1988 1895 Brit. Warehouseman Feb. 30/2 The plaintiff let a piano to one Sullivan under an ordinary hire-purchase agreement. 1896 Daily News 24 Jan. 7/2 Mr. Moore..was the inventor of the now widely adopted hire-purchase system. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 11 Jan. 2/1 Could not the hire-purchase system be worked? 1909 Chambers's Jrnl. July 421/1 Not hire-purchased, you see; I'm not to be gulled by silly advertisements. No. I found my own shop and made my own choice. 1909 Installation News iii. 134/1 The hire and hire-purchase of cooking, heating, and other apparatus. 1923 ‘Bartimeus’ Seaways 36 If it wasn't for my daughter Annie bein' musical an' wantin' a pianner on the 'ire purchase, I wouldn't stop aboard 'er another night. 1930 Economist 25 Jan. 215/2 (advt.) Bank of England and Hire Purchase. 1972 Mod. Law Rev. 35 i. 38 All three hire-purchase agreements were illegal. hire-purchasing adj. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > [adjective] > buying on hire purchase hire-purchasing1960 1960 Author Summer 64/2 All up-to-date readers are hire-purchasing electronic computers to read their library books for them. 1960 Guardian 9 May 6/7 The true-born, hire-purchasing Briton. Draft additions July 2002 U.S. A person who is hired; an employee. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to conditions > [noun] > employee employé1811 workhand1821 employe1835 employee1850 employée1862 permanent1863 staff1931 perm1945 staffer1950 hire1954 1954 Industr. & Labor Relations Rev. 7 576/2 New hires must be asked to join [the union] and the old employees must be persuaded to retain their membership. 1975 Business Week (Nexis) 24 Nov. 85 Three-quarters [of companies] will reimburse present executives for such selling costs as broker's commission, legal expenses, title and survey fees. One-fourth will reimburse new hires. 1990 Harvard Business Rev. Mar. 113/1 Finding first-rate hires is only one piece of the effort. 2001 Time 30 July y4 Search firms say they have their work cut out for them finding hires with the right brand and degree of aggressiveness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022). hirev. 1. a. transitive. To engage the service of (a person) for a stipulated reward; to employ for wages. Phrase hire and fire [fire v.1 22] ; also as n. attributive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > hire or employ hirec1000 i-bye10.. i-hirec1000 soldc1386 takea1400 retain1437 wage1465 conduct1476 fee1488 conduce1502 implya1533 entertain1572 enter1585 wager1592 to fill up1598 to take on1611 improve1640 to speak for ——a1688 employa1727 engage1753 ploy1871 to turn on1893 to book up1915 society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > hire or employ > employ or dismiss to fit work available hire and fire1958 c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 72 Seðe..wolde hyrian wyrhtan into his wingearde. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xx. 7 Us nan mann ne hyrode [c1160 Hatton G. herde]. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 102 Forto hure wið ham as me deð mid gersume þeo þet wel fechteð. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 80 Þe bisshop..Hired ilk a man. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 51 An oost þat was i-hered [MS. γ yhuyred] out of Grecia. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. ix. 336 Bote he be heyliche yhyred elles wol he chide. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 241/2 Hyryn, conduco. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Prov. xxvi. B Whoso hyreth a foole, hyreth soch one as wyl take no hede. 1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome iii. f. 43v They also hier folkes to say the Psalter speedily. 1663 A. Cowley Ess. in Verse & Prose (1669) iii As if he hir'd the workers by the day. 1744 Hist. & Proc. House of Commons 14 154 They have already been informed there was no necessity of hiring Auxiliary Troops. 1872 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 182 Chinamen are in the country and can be hired cheaply. 1958 Listener 23 Oct. 632/2 Men who can be hired and fired according to the current level of business. 1963 Times 6 Feb. 6/3 ‘Hire and fire’ is no longer associated with the construction industries. 1963 Times 24 Apr. 7/4 Sir Donald said a five-year building programme should be planned in the public sector to ensure continuity of work and stop the ‘hire and fire’ attitude. 1970 Sci. Amer. Mar. 35/3 The inability to hire and fire in order to vary the work force with fluctuations in the business cycle. 1973 Advocate-News (Barbados) 20 Feb. 4/2 The locals are in the ‘hire and fire’ positions. b. transferred. To engage or induce to do something by a payment or reward; to bribe. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (transitive)] > bribe meedOE underorna1325 corrump1387 forbuy1393 hirec1400 wage1461 fee1487 under-arearc1503 bribe1528 grease1528 money1528 corrupt1548 budc1565 to feed with money1567 to put out a person's eyes with (a gift, bribe, etc.)1580 sweeten1594 to grease the fist or (one) in the fist1598 over-bribe1619 to buy off1629 palter1641 to take off1646 buy1652 overmoneya1661 bub1684 to speak to ——1687 to tickle in the palm1694 daub1699 overbuy1710 touch1752 palm1767 to get at ——1780 fix1790 subsidize1793 sop1837 to buy over1848 backsheesh1850 nobble1856 square1859 hippodrome1866 see1867 boodleize1883 boodle1886 to get to ——1901 reach1906 straighten1923 lubricate1928 to keep (someone) sweet1939 sling1939 to pay off1942 bung1950 c1400 Gamelyn 786 He was fast aboute bothe day and other, For to hyre the quest to hangen his brother. 1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iii, in Wks. 246/1 A man could not hyre a Jewe to sit down vpon his byble of the olde testament. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. xciii. 357 Cullin..was hired by English runagates in the Low Countries to kill the Queene. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 235 Thymætes first ('tis doubtful whether hir'd, Or so the Trojan Destiny requir'd) Mov'd that the Ramparts might be broken down. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 159 A popish priest was hired with the promise of the mitre of Waterford to preach at Saint James's against the Act of Settlement. 2. To procure the temporary use of (any thing) for stipulated payment. Also intr. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > hiring or renting > hire [verb (transitive)] hirec1275 conduct1476 conduce1502 job1758 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 15194 Þa scipen heo gunnen hure mid ahten swiðe deore. c1290 Beket 1161 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 139 [He] huyrde him a mere, For an Englichs peni, with an haltre, þis holi man to bere. a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 375 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 310 For cariage þe porter hors schalle hyre. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 327 He had hired a house in Colme~streate. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. i. 95 A ship you sent me too, to hier waftage. View more context for this quotation 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 31 July (1965) I. 420 I hir'd an Ass..that I might go some miles into the Country. 1863 M. E. Braddon Eleanor's Victory (1878) I. iii. 45 He hired a villa by the Lake of Como. 1877 A. Sewell Black Beauty xxxi He determined to give up keeping a horse, and to hire when he wanted one. 3. a. To grant the temporary use of for stipulated payment; to let out on hire; to lease. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > hire or rent out [verb (transitive)] let909 hirec1384 rentc1447 to let out1526 locatec1580 wage1590 to farm outa1593 hackney1608 to set out1614 ablocate1623 job1726 to hire out1776 to set off1799 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark xii. 1 A man plauntide a vyneȝerd..and hirede it to erthe tilieris. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope 3 [He] demaunded of the poure yong man that he wold hyre to hym a parte of his hows. 1589 G. Fletcher in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) (Camden) 80 That no man should hier owt horse or boat to anie Englishman. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Sam. ii. 5 They that were full, haue hired out themselues for bread. View more context for this quotation 1662 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 462 Having skill in gardning and manuring [he] hired himselfe to gent. there for that imployment. 1721 Duxbury Rec. (1893) 238 That the said money should be hired out at five pounds per cent. to such persons as shall give sufficient security for the same. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Dora in Poems (new ed.) II. 35 He left his father's house, And hired himself to work within the fields. b. intransitive (for reflexive). to hire out: to engage oneself as a servant for payment. Chiefly North American. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > hire or rent out [verb (transitive)] let909 hirec1384 rentc1447 to let out1526 locatec1580 wage1590 to farm outa1593 hackney1608 to set out1614 ablocate1623 job1726 to hire out1776 to set off1799 society > authority > subjection > service > servant > be servant [verb (intransitive)] > engage oneself as a servant to hire out1776 1776 S. Curwen Jrnl. & Lett. (1864) 74 The inhabitants [of Sidmouth, Devon, England] chiefly hired out to the Newfoundland traders. 1834 S. Smith Sel. Lett. Major Jack Downing xv. 35 I had hired out here this summer. 1856 F. L. Olmsted Journey Slave States 83 Poor white girls never hired out to do servants' work. 1884 Harper's Mag. May 882/1 They hire out to..farmers. 1969 in H. Halpert & G. M. Story Christmas Mumming in Newfoundland 26 They hired out as fishing servants. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1000v.c1000 |
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