hippusn.

Brit.

/ˈhɪpəs/, U.S.

/ˈhɪpəs/

Forms: 1500s–1600s hippos, 1700s– hippus.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French hippos; Latin hippus, hippos.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French hippos (1584 in the passage translated in quot. ?1587), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin hippus (1529 or earlier; also as hippos, hyppos) < ancient Greek ἵππος horse, in Hellenistic Greek also denoting a complaint of the eyes (see hippo- comb. form). The semantic motivation for the post-classical Latin noun is unclear.

Medicine.

Originally: any of various conditions involving abnormal movement of the eyes or eyelids; esp. nystagmus. In later use: spec. rhythmic constriction and dilatation of the pupil, independent of the level of illumination.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > disorders of iris

hippus?1587

synechia1745

iritis1818

coloboma1843

iridencleisis1855

irideremia1855

aniridia1860

choroido-iritis1869

iridoplegia1878

rubeosis1934

?1587 A. H. tr. J. Guillemeau Worthy Treat. Eyes (new ed.) iii. ii. 37 Hippos [Fr. Hippos] is an affection of the eye comming in at the first framing, and from the birth of the party wherein the eyes cannot abide in one place, but are alwaies shaking.

1662 W. Firth Saints Monument 53 Some [enemies] aim at the head..; others as many at least at the eye; such as are Amaurosis, Glaucoma, Hypopyon, Crithe, Hippos, Milphosis, and the like.

1729 B. Duddell Treat. Dis. Horny-coat of Eye iii. vii. 174 She had Hippus's on the Balls of her Eyes, yet the Movement of the Pupils was very good.

1793 W. Rowley Rational Pract. Physic III. 236 Hippus Is a repeated dilatation and alternate constriction of the pupil.

1839 Lancet 29 Apr. 193/1 The complications of cataract in these twenty-nine cases were as follows:—in 2 lachrymation; in 1 entropium..; in 2 hippus and nystagmus [etc.].

1854 Abstr. Papers Royal Soc. 1850–54 6 155 Hippus, and the motions of the iris which are observed, especially in amaurotic children, are alluded to as motions independent of the light, and consequently, of the retina and sensorium.

1889 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VII. 59/2 Tonic contraction of the pupil of the eye is called myosis spastica; clonic contraction hippus.

1932 S. Duke-Elder Text-bk. Ophthalmol. I. xii. 563 In the condition of hippus a rhythmic contraction and dilatation of the pupil occurs regularly a definite number of times per minute.

1968 J. L. Smith Neuro-ophthalmol. IV. iv. 60 No satisfactory explanation has been given for hippus as yet.

2007 Computing (Nexis) 19 Apr. 23 An iris recognition system should look for the hippus movement—the constant shifting and pulse that takes place in the eye.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hippus
释义	hippusn. Brit. /ˈhɪpəs/, U.S. /ˈhɪpəs/ Forms: 1500s–1600s hippos, 1700s– hippus. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French hippos; Latin hippus, hippos. Etymology: < (i) Middle French hippos (1584 in the passage translated in quot. ?1587), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin hippus (1529 or earlier; also as hippos, hyppos) < ancient Greek ἵππος horse, in Hellenistic Greek also denoting a complaint of the eyes (see hippo- comb. form). The semantic motivation for the post-classical Latin noun is unclear. Medicine. Originally: any of various conditions involving abnormal movement of the eyes or eyelids; esp. nystagmus. In later use: spec. rhythmic constriction and dilatation of the pupil, independent of the level of illumination. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > disorders of iris hippus?1587 synechia1745 iritis1818 coloboma1843 iridencleisis1855 irideremia1855 aniridia1860 choroido-iritis1869 iridoplegia1878 rubeosis1934 ?1587 A. H. tr. J. Guillemeau Worthy Treat. Eyes (new ed.) iii. ii. 37 Hippos [Fr. Hippos] is an affection of the eye comming in at the first framing, and from the birth of the party wherein the eyes cannot abide in one place, but are alwaies shaking. 1662 W. Firth Saints Monument 53 Some [enemies] aim at the head..; others as many at least at the eye; such as are Amaurosis, Glaucoma, Hypopyon, Crithe, Hippos, Milphosis, and the like. 1729 B. Duddell Treat. Dis. Horny-coat of Eye iii. vii. 174 She had Hippus's on the Balls of her Eyes, yet the Movement of the Pupils was very good. 1793 W. Rowley Rational Pract. Physic III. 236 Hippus Is a repeated dilatation and alternate constriction of the pupil. 1839 Lancet 29 Apr. 193/1 The complications of cataract in these twenty-nine cases were as follows:—in 2 lachrymation; in 1 entropium..; in 2 hippus and nystagmus [etc.]. 1854 Abstr. Papers Royal Soc. 1850–54 6 155 Hippus, and the motions of the iris which are observed, especially in amaurotic children, are alluded to as motions independent of the light, and consequently, of the retina and sensorium. 1889 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VII. 59/2 Tonic contraction of the pupil of the eye is called myosis spastica; clonic contraction hippus. 1932 S. Duke-Elder Text-bk. Ophthalmol. I. xii. 563 In the condition of hippus a rhythmic contraction and dilatation of the pupil occurs regularly a definite number of times per minute. 1968 J. L. Smith Neuro-ophthalmol. IV. iv. 60 No satisfactory explanation has been given for hippus as yet. 2007 Computing (Nexis) 19 Apr. 23 An iris recognition system should look for the hippus movement—the constant shifting and pulse that takes place in the eye. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?1587
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