hecklen.

Brit.

/ˈhɛkl/, U.S.

/ˈhɛkəl/

Forms: late Middle English hekel, late Middle English hekele, late Middle English hekyll, late Middle English hekylle, late Middle English heykylle, 1500s heckyl, 1500s hekell, 1600s heckell, 1600s–1700s heckel, 1600s– heckle, 1700s hecle, 1800s hickle (English regional (East Anglian)); Scottish pre-1700 heckell, pre-1700 heckil, pre-1700 hekell, pre-1700 hekill, pre-1700 hekkill, pre-1700 hekkyll, pre-1700 hekle, pre-1700 hekyll, pre-1700 1700s– heckle, 1700s heccle, 1800s heckel.

Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from Dutch. Perhaps a borrowing from Middle Low German. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: Dutch hekele ; Middle Low German hekele ; hatchel n.

Etymology: Either (i) < Middle Dutch hekele or its cognate Middle Low German hekele (see hatchel n.), or (ii) a variant of hatchel n. (compare α. forms at that entry). Compare slightly earlier heckle v. Compare also hackle n.²In early use chiefly in north-east England, Scotland, and East Anglia, all areas where both continental influence and the preservation of /k/ in forms inherited from Old English can be expected. With reference to the feathers on a bird's neck (see sense 2) probably with reference to the resemblance of these, when raised, to the teeth of a hackle; in this sense more commonly in form hackle (see hackle n.² 2). With use with reference to such feathers in angling (see sense 3) compare earlier hackle n.² 4. In use with reference to verbal heckling after heckle v. 3.

a. A tool for splitting and combing out flax, hemp, etc.; = hackle n.² 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > [noun] > heckling > implement for

hatchelc1300

hecklea1425

hacklec1485

hetch1598

flax-comb1611

hack1658

gill1819

flax-hackle1825

rougher1828

ruffer1853

a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 668/32 Hec mataxa, hekylle.

c1485 Inventory in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 372 ij hekels pro lino.

a1529 J. Skelton Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng in Certayne Bks. (?1545) sig. D.ii^v Som layde to pledge..Theyr hekell and theyr rele.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Kiv/2 An Heckyl, pecten.

1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments ii. iii. 98 When your Hempe hath been twice swingled, dried, and beaten, you shall then bring it to the Heckle.

1666 in B. Trinder & J. Cox Yeomen & Colliers in Telford 1660–1750 (1980) 166 Itm one pare of wafere yrons one heckell.

1747 R. Campbell London Tradesman App. 318 Combing it [sc. flax] on Hecles of different Degrees of Fineness.

1785 Scots Mag. Mar. 108/1 Dress the greatest quantity of clean skutched flax, fit for the heckle.

1863 W. Fairbairn Mills II. v. 197 Baxter's Street Heckling Machine..consists generally of six gradations of heckles.

a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1766/2 Porcupine,..a cylindrical heckle for worsted yarn.

1904 Trans. Insurance Soc. Edinb. 1901–4 132 The machine heckle consists of rows of short, sharp spikes projecting from an endless series of staves revolving on a frame.

1963 N.Y. Times 23 June (Resorts & Travel section) xx17/4 Flax stalks are crushed and then pulled through ‘heckles’.

2011 M. B. Katz-Hyman & K. S. Rice World of Slave I. 479 Equipment included wool cards, a heckle for flax processing..and..kettles for dyeing and finishing cloth.

†b. figurative and in figurative contexts (originally and chiefly Scottish). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

?a1787 Rob Roy (NLS Watson 586/1144) f. 29 He was a hedge unto his friens, A heckle to his foes, lady.

a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 412 A land unknown to prose or rhyme; Where words ne'er crost the muse's heckles.

1869 Scotsman 4 Feb. 5/3 I am surprised that the question was not made a tooth in the heckle which candidates for M.P. were subjected to at the last general election.

1873 Q. Rev. Apr. 274/2 He feels the ‘maciulla,’ the heckle of the mighty grinders closing upon him.

a. In certain birds (including the domestic cock): the part of the neck bearing distinctive long feathers; these feathers collectively; (also) each of these feathers; = hackle n.² 2. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > neck or throat > feathers or marking on

heckle?a1500

beard1744

ruffle1827

frill1860

gorgelet1872

the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > hen or cock > [noun] > cock > parts of > feather

hackle1496

heckle?a1500

sickle-feather1688

saddle feather1854

saddle hackle1854

sickle1882

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Fox l. 454 in Poems (1981) 21 I behald ȝour fedderis fair and gent, Ȝour beik, ȝour breist, ȝour hekill, and ȝour kame.

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 156 Phebus red fowle..Oft streking furth his hekkyll, crawand cleir.

1705 W. Machrie Ess. Cocking 53 As for the rest of the Feathers of his Neck, (called his Heckle) they ought to be much longer than the Ridg.

1814 W. Sketchley Cocker 20 The feather of No. 3, (Birchin Duck) is a grey heckle tinged with black above, and black beneath.

1866 Temple Bar May 198 Those small, cackling, voluble, energetic lumps of fuss and feathers, always running about the farmyard with heckles up and wings spread.

1921 Ladies' Home Jrnl. Sept. 49 The graceful lines of her brown velvet turban, its only trimming being heckle feathers across the back.

1994 S. Chattopadhyay et al. Red Data Bk. Indian Animals I. 351 Nicobar Pigeon. Caloenas nicobarica... Feathers of hind neck elongated and form glistening heckles... Female slightly smaller, with smaller neck heckles.

†b. to set up one's heckle and variants: to become angry or irritated. Cf. hackle n.² 2c. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry

wrethec900

wrothc975

abelghec1300

to move one's blood (also mood)c1330

to peck moodc1330

gremec1460

to take firea1513

fumec1522

sourdc1540

spitec1560

to set up the heckle1601

fire1604

exasperate1659

to fire up1779

to flash up1822

to get one's dander up1831

to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832

to have (also get) one's monkey up1833

to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837

rile1837

to go off the handle1839

to flare up1840

to set one's back up1845

to run hot1855

to wax up1859

to get one's rag out1862

blow1871

to get (also have) the pricker1871

to turn up rough1872

to get the needle1874

to blaze up1878

to get wet1898

spunk1898

to see red1901

to go crook1911

to get ignorant1913

to hit the ceiling1914

to hit the roof1921

to blow one's top1928

to lose one's rag1928

to lose one's haira1930

to go up in smoke1933

hackle1935

to have, get a cob on1937

to pop (also blow) one's cork1938

to go hostile1941

to go sparec1942

to do one's bun1944

to lose one's wool1944

to blow one's stack1947

to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950

rear1953

to get on ignorant1956

to go through the roof1958

to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964

to lose ita1969

to blow a gasket1975

to throw a wobbler1985

1601 J. Deacon & J. Walker Summarie Answere to Darel i. 79 If..you begin (like a cowardlie crauen) so soone to set vp the heckle.

1855 Sheffield & Rotherham Independent 24 Mar. 6/2 You must not set up your heckle against me, if you have more hair on your head.

1862 C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds & Neighbourhood 323 He's nowt to be sticking up his heckle abart, soa let him hod his noise!

1891 Chambers's Jrnl. 28 Mar. 193/2 The most friendly criticism from a master in the art where they are not even apprentices, will set up those vibrating heckles of theirs.

c. Military. A plume of coloured feathers attached to a military headdress; = hackle n.² 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > plume (of feathers, etc.)

crestelc1320

crestc1380

plumach1494

plumasse1494

plume1530

plumage1565

panache1584

plumassery1613

kalgi1715

hackle1816

heckle1855

panache-crest1864

osprey1885

paradise1905

1855 T. W. J. Connolly Hist. Corps Royal Sappers & Miners I. 108 The cockade and gold loop were retained; but the short-red feather was displaced by an eight-inch length white heckle.

1893 Daily News 8 Apr. 7/1 For Guildersmalsen, January, 1795, the men of the ‘Forty Twa’, were rewarded with ‘the glorious red heckle’ or vulture plume, which has ever since been the distinctive badge of the Black Watch.

1903 C. G. Gardyne Life of Regiment II. ix. 114 In the 92nd they wore tartan trousers, black belts, and a black heckle in their bonnets.

2011 J. Dunning When shall their Glory Fade? ix. 152 Even before the advent of the green beret, they wore a black heckle in their ‘bonnets’.

†3. Angling. An artificial fly constructed with a hackle feather; = hackle n.² 4a. Also heckle-fly. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > artificial fly > types of

moor flylOE

drake-flya1450

dub-flya1450

dun cut1496

dun fly1496

louper1496

red fly1616

moorish fly1635

palmer1653

palmer fly1653

red hackle1653

red palmer1653

shell-fly1653

orange fly1662

blackfly1669

dun1676

dun hackle1676

hackle1676

mayfly1676

peacock fly1676

thorn-tree fly1676

turkey-fly1676

violet-fly1676

whirling dun1676

badger fly1681

greenfly1686

moorish brown1689

prime dun1696

sandfly1700

grey midge1724

whirling blue1747

dun drake?1758

death drake1766

hackle fly1786

badger1787

blue1787

brown-fly1787

camel-brown1787

spinner1787

midge1799

night-fly1799

thorn-fly1799

turkey1799

withy-fly1799

grayling fly1811

sun fly1820

cock-a-bondy1835

brown moth1837

bunting-lark fly1837

governor1837

water-hen hackle1837

Waterloo fly1837

coachman1839

soldier palmer1839

blue jay1843

red tag1850

canary1855

white-tip1856

spider1857

bumble1859

doctor1860

ibis1863

Jock Scott1866

eagle1867

highlander1867

jay1867

John Scott1867

judge1867

parson1867

priest1867

snow-fly1867

Jack Scott1874

Alexandra1875

silver doctor1875

Alexandra fly1882

grackle1894

grizzly queen1894

heckle-fly1897

Zulu1898

thunder and lightning1910

streamer1919

Devon1924

peacock1950

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Heckle, a fly, for angling, dressed merely with a cock's feather.

1824 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 373 What think you of these flies?..They are a dozen of devils, these black heckles.

1897 Fishing Gaz. 9 Jan. 22/1 The Grouse Lochaber may be used as a tail fly or a red heckle fly.

1906 C. G. Barrington Seventy Years' Fishing x. 199 On the Avon the Red Spinner of fair size is a favourite;..on the Wiley, small Heckles.

†a. Scottish. A person who heckles or provokes someone (see heckle v. 3). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd II. iv. xi. 93 What was the use of argolbargoling with such a heckle?

b. An act of heckling or provoking a person (see heckle v. 3). Also: a provocative or derisive comment.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > [noun] > heckling

heckling1857

heckle1905

1905 Westm. Gaz. 29 Apr. 3/2 Our congratulations to..Mr. Davies on his..successful heckle.

1936 America's Town Meeting of Air 3 Dec. 24 Senator, here is a ‘heckle’ from a lady that you and I both know, but it is in the form of a telegram.

1944 H. van Zeller Ezechiel viii. 69 We again look for some sort of an apologia, an objection or two, a mild heckle, a question.

2005 E. D. Hopkins Life After Life iii. 47 The din of cheers and the occasional heckle of war protesters.

2010 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 16 Feb. (Arts section) 13 First came the heckles from some idiot in the cheap seats.

Phrases

† in heckle wise: with a fringe like a cock's hackle (cf. sense 2a). Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1568 R. Henryson in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 237 His hude of skarlet bordowrit w^t silk In hekle [?a1500 hekillit] wyss vntill his girdill doun.

Compounds

C1. General attributive and objective (in sense 1), as heckle bar, heckle maker, heckle tooth, etc.

ΚΠ

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 62 A hekyll, mataxa..A hekyll makere, hic mataxarius.

1678 in G. F. Dow Probate Rec. Essex County, Mass. (1920) III. 252 One heckel teeth, smoething Iron, could chisels, punchies & Lantrone, 4s.

1770 in A. N. Palmer Wrexham (1893) Introd. 11 One heckel-maker.

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. v. 209 The barrels..present their heckle points radially from their axes.

1839 D. D. Black Hist. Brechin ix. 202 The heckle houses at the Muckle Mill took fire.

1840 A. Ure Dict. Arts, Manufactures, & Mines 502 The lower worm shafts..by whose rotation the heckle bar is made to retrograde.

1901 Fibre & Fabric 24 Aug. 17/1 Should a sliver break..the end falls on to the teeth of an adjustable heckle bar.

1998 G. Morgan & P. Rushton Rogues, Thieves & Rule of Law 233 ‘Eggler’ probably refers to a heckler or hecklemaker, which the Winters claimed to be.

2010 Northern Echo (Electronic ed.) 4 Nov. William was a flax-maker who had a heckle-teeth factory.

C2.

† heckle headed adj. Obsolete rare having hair resembling a heckle (perhaps sense 1).

ΚΠ

?1785 John Thompson's Man 14 Crook-backed, heckle-headed,..lap-lugged, ill-haired.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

hecklev.

Brit.

/ˈhɛkl/, U.S.

/ˈhɛkəl/

Forms: Middle English hekele, Middle English hekyll, Middle English hekylle, Middle English–1500s hecle, 1500s heckel, 1500s heckell, 1500s– heckle, 1800s hekel (English regional (Shropshire)), 1800s hickle (English regional (East Anglian)); Scottish pre-1700 hecle, pre-1700 hekill, pre-1700 hekkill, pre-1700 hekle, pre-1700 1700s– heckle; N.E.D (1898) also records the forms Middle English heckel, Middle English heckell.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: heckle n.

Etymology: Apparently < heckle n. (although this is first attested slightly later). Compare hatchel v. (especially the α. forms at that entry) and later hackle v.²With uses with reference to verbal heckling (see senses 3 and 4) compare Dutch hekelen to scold (17th cent.), German †hecheln to scold, to mock (1782), transferred uses of the respective verbs with the sense ‘to heckle flax, etc.’ (see hatchel v.). Compare also to come (or go) over (or through) the heckle pins at heckle pin n. Phrases 1 and further Dutch over den hekel halen to scold, lit. ‘to pull over the hackle’ (already in Middle Dutch), German durch die Hechel ziehen to slander, to scold, lit. ‘to pull through the hackle’ (16th cent.).

a. transitive. To prepare (flax, hemp, etc.) with a hackle or hackling machine, splitting, straightening, and combing the fibres in preparation for spinning. Cf. hackle v.²Hackle is now the more usual form.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > treat or process flax, hemp, or jute [verb (transitive)] > heckle

hatchela1325

hecklea1325

hack1577

hackle1599

carminate1604

tow1615

rough1817

ruff1853

strick1894

a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Arun.) (1857) 144 Serencez [glossed] hekele.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 55 (MED) Make hem..of hempe namely wele pectinate i. heclede [?c1425 Paris wrastede; L. pectinatis] & clensed.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 234/1 Hekelyn, mataxo.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 582/2 My father was a hosyer and my mother dyd heckell flaxe.

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. xcvii. f. 302^v/1 Flaxe is..afterward knocked, beaten.., ribbed and heckled.

1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) v. xviii. 567 Heckle it through a finer heckle, then spinne it.

1677 S. Fell Househ. Acct. Bk. 29 Jan. (1920) 455 Washing rinshing, & hekleing some hempe.

1749 T. Prior Ess. Linen-manuf. Ireland 34 Five Pounds for every Ton of Flax they shall dress and heckle in a skillful Manner.

1794 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Suffolk 49 The buyer heckles it [sc. the hemp]..he makes it into two or three sorts: long strike, short strike, and pull tow.

1831 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 6 9 As soon as the racks..shall have lowered sufficiently to heckle the whole of the strick.

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. v. 213 A system of machines for scutching and heckling flax was specified by patent..in July, 1833.

1938 M. Thomas Knitting Bk. 32 Linen yarns, derived from flax.., are rippled, retted, scutched and heckled.

1996 L. Day & I. McNeil Biogr. Dict. Hist. Technol. (1998) 701 (heading) One of the first significant machines for heckling flax.

2010 D. Malcolm & P. E. Crabtree T. Morris of St Andrews ii. 15 Not only did the county have..the agricultural expertise to grow the flax, but also the water and manpower to heckle, spin and weave it.

†b. transitive. To scratch. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > rub [verb (transitive)] > scratch

clawc1000

scrat1340

frushc1430

scrapec1440

scartc1480

scrab1481

heckle?1507

mouse1531

bescratch1555

razea1586

ferret-claw1591

scrub1596

beclaw1603

bescramble1605

rake1609

shrub1657

talon1685

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 43 With his hard hurcheone scyn sa heklis he my chekis.

†c. intransitive. With away. Of flax: to disintegrate during the hackling process. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 153 This Kind of Lint heckles away almost to nothing, and is indeed in Appearance very fine.

1798 R. Parkinson Experienced Farmer II. lxvi. 148 If pulled before the blossom falls, it [sc. flax] heckles away almost to nothing.

†2. intransitive. With on. To continue wrangling. Cf. haggle v. 3a. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 302 And ther they heckled on, till all the hous and clos baith hard much of a large hour.

a. transitive. Originally Scottish. To question (a politician, witness, etc.) thoroughly and persistently, esp. in order to test the strength of his or her position or statements. In later use also: to abuse or taunt (a speaker, performer, etc.) with derisive or aggressive comments.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > heckle

heckle1808

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [verb (transitive)] > interrogate candidate publicly

heckle1808

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Heckle, to tease with questions, to examine severely.

1860 Scotsman 29 Aug. Mr John Hope did not think the deputation came there to be heckled with questions in this manner.

1886 Leeds Mercury 12 Mar. 5/2 The audience proceeded to ‘heckle’ him in a way dear to Scotch constituencies.

1903 Empire Rev. Dec. 498 The crowd..heckled him in turn. ‘Leave politics and go back to your sausage-machine,’ called one.

1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. 278 The famous Q.C. looked..the very picture of a man who could heckle a witness.

1919 School Sept. 47 Many spectators of a game consider it perfectly legitimate to ‘heckle’ the players in order to induce poorer play.

1951 3rd Statist. Acct. Scotl. 336 Free speech and tolerance usually characterise election proceedings. The candidates get a good hearing but are well ‘heckled’.

2002 Yorks. Post (Nexis) 6 July The Liverpool comic had been heckled by Mr Thomas after making a joke with racist overtones.

b. intransitive. Originally: to ask questions in an insistent or probing manner; to pester with questions. Later: to call out derisive or aggressive comments or abuse, esp. in order to interrupt a public speaker.

ΚΠ

1880 Punch 28 Aug. To heckle with questions and bother with Bogeys Appear the Fourth Party's preposterous rules.

1929 B. Johnston Let. 13 Oct. in Lett. Home 1926–45 (1998) 36 I heckled the whole time, though there was not time to speak.

1937 Nation's Schools Feb. 37/3 What a stimulating experience to heckle and to be heckled! It makes the speaker..more conscientious about his pronunciamentos.

1947 Life 10 Nov. 114/1 Street sermons in England, which Wesley preached after coming back from America, were disrupted by mobs that heckled and threw stones.

1970 Financial Times 8 Jan. 1/6 The militants, grouped in a few rows at the rear, heckled and shouted.

2014 M. Worthen Apostles of Reason ix. 188 At the end of his speech some students gave him a standing ovation (others booed and heckled).

c. transitive. To pester or badger (a person) to do something or about something; to harass. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > harass [verb (transitive)]

tawc893

ermec897

swencheOE

besetOE

bestandc1000

teenOE

baitc1175

grieve?c1225

war?c1225

noyc1300

pursuec1300

travailc1300

to work (also do) annoyc1300

tribula1325

worka1325

to hold wakenc1330

chase1340

twistc1374

wrap1380

cumbera1400

harrya1400

vexc1410

encumber1413

inquiet1413

molest?a1425

course1466

persecutec1475

trouble1489

sturt1513

hare1523

hag1525

hale1530

exercise1531

to grate on or upon1532

to hold or keep waking1533

infest1533

scourge1540

molestate1543

pinch1548

trounce1551

to shake upa1556

tire1558

moila1560

pester1566

importune1578

hunt1583

moider1587

bebait1589

commacerate1596

bepester1600

ferret1600

harsell1603

hurry1611

gall1614

betoil1622

weary1633

tribulatea1637

harass1656

dun1659

overharry1665

worry1671

haul1678

to plague the life out of1746

badger1782

hatchel1800

worry1811

bedevil1823

devil1823

victimize1830

frab1848

mither1848

to pester the life out of1848

haik1855

beplague1870

chevy1872

obsede1876

to get on ——1880

to load up with1880

tail-twist1898

hassle1901

heckle1920

snooter1923

hassle1945

to breathe down (the back of) (someone's) neck1946

to bust (a person's) chops1953

noodge1960

monster1967

1920 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 200/2 His wife was constantly heckling him to keep him at work at jobs that would bring in some real cash.

1944 Rhinelander (Wisconsin) Daily News 24 Oct. 3/1 Mrs. Frank Burk is heckled by her daughter to get her silvery hair blue-rinsed.

1950 A. White Lost Traveller v. vi. 241 My Papa was always heckling me about what I was going to do and all that.

1990 W. Perriam Fifty-minute Hour (1991) viii. 109 It was..most unsettling to see him outside in the street, competing with the traffic, dwarfed by ruthless buildings, heckled by the rain.

2002 B. Haig Mortal Allies l. 476 She sat beside my bed and heckled me to quit faking it and get my ass back to work.

4. transitive. Scottish and English regional (northern). To scold, chastise. Also with direct speech as object. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word), records this sense as still in use in Ulster in 1956.It is dubious whether the following is an earlier example of this sense: it may be simply a figurative use of sense 1a:

a1689 W. Cleland Coll. Poems (1697) 8 Ladies Heckl'd, and Lords Horn'd, Some for lending Money scorn'd.

ΚΠ

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Heckle, to beat, to chastise [ed. 1 (1824) reads only to beat].

1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb (ed. 2) xlv. 251 Whether it was in accordance with proper etiquette..to invite Dawvid Hadden into his house, and then ‘heckle’ him after this fashion, I shall not pretend to say.

1899 J. F. Fraser Round World on Wheel xxvi. 319 The mandarin heckled the lot.

1911 G. M. Gordon Clay Biggin' 8 ‘I'll no pit him til the fash o' refusin' me,’ heckled Auld Davy.

Derivatives

heckˈlee n. [after heckler n. 2] a person who is the target of hostile comments or probing questions; cf. sense 3.

ΚΠ

1895 Daily Tel. 17 July 5/1 As a ‘hecklee’—if the term be permissible—the Liberal candidate for East Fife leaves little to be desired.

1989 Sunday Times (Nexis) 26 Nov. It's nonsense for the cameras to show a hecklee, and not the heckler.

2007 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 11 Apr. (Features section) 22 Even politicians themselves sometimes sound like hecklers. Most hecklees try to find a way of coping.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	heckle
释义	hecklen. Brit. /ˈhɛkl/, U.S. /ˈhɛkəl/ Forms: late Middle English hekel, late Middle English hekele, late Middle English hekyll, late Middle English hekylle, late Middle English heykylle, 1500s heckyl, 1500s hekell, 1600s heckell, 1600s–1700s heckel, 1600s– heckle, 1700s hecle, 1800s hickle (English regional (East Anglian)); Scottish pre-1700 heckell, pre-1700 heckil, pre-1700 hekell, pre-1700 hekill, pre-1700 hekkill, pre-1700 hekkyll, pre-1700 hekle, pre-1700 hekyll, pre-1700 1700s– heckle, 1700s heccle, 1800s heckel. Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from Dutch. Perhaps a borrowing from Middle Low German. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: Dutch hekele ; Middle Low German hekele ; hatchel n. Etymology: Either (i) < Middle Dutch hekele or its cognate Middle Low German hekele (see hatchel n.), or (ii) a variant of hatchel n. (compare α. forms at that entry). Compare slightly earlier heckle v. Compare also hackle n.²In early use chiefly in north-east England, Scotland, and East Anglia, all areas where both continental influence and the preservation of /k/ in forms inherited from Old English can be expected. With reference to the feathers on a bird's neck (see sense 2) probably with reference to the resemblance of these, when raised, to the teeth of a hackle; in this sense more commonly in form hackle (see hackle n.² 2). With use with reference to such feathers in angling (see sense 3) compare earlier hackle n.² 4. In use with reference to verbal heckling after heckle v. 3. 1. a. A tool for splitting and combing out flax, hemp, etc.; = hackle n.² 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > [noun] > heckling > implement for hatchelc1300 hecklea1425 hacklec1485 hetch1598 flax-comb1611 hack1658 gill1819 flax-hackle1825 rougher1828 ruffer1853 a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 668/32 Hec mataxa, hekylle. c1485 Inventory in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 372 ij hekels pro lino. a1529 J. Skelton Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng in Certayne Bks. (?1545) sig. D.ii^v Som layde to pledge..Theyr hekell and theyr rele. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Kiv/2 An Heckyl, pecten. 1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments ii. iii. 98 When your Hempe hath been twice swingled, dried, and beaten, you shall then bring it to the Heckle. 1666 in B. Trinder & J. Cox Yeomen & Colliers in Telford 1660–1750 (1980) 166 Itm one pare of wafere yrons one heckell. 1747 R. Campbell London Tradesman App. 318 Combing it [sc. flax] on Hecles of different Degrees of Fineness. 1785 Scots Mag. Mar. 108/1 Dress the greatest quantity of clean skutched flax, fit for the heckle. 1863 W. Fairbairn Mills II. v. 197 Baxter's Street Heckling Machine..consists generally of six gradations of heckles. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1766/2 Porcupine,..a cylindrical heckle for worsted yarn. 1904 Trans. Insurance Soc. Edinb. 1901–4 132 The machine heckle consists of rows of short, sharp spikes projecting from an endless series of staves revolving on a frame. 1963 N.Y. Times 23 June (Resorts & Travel section) xx17/4 Flax stalks are crushed and then pulled through ‘heckles’. 2011 M. B. Katz-Hyman & K. S. Rice World of Slave I. 479 Equipment included wool cards, a heckle for flax processing..and..kettles for dyeing and finishing cloth. †b. figurative and in figurative contexts (originally and chiefly Scottish). Obsolete. ΚΠ ?a1787 Rob Roy (NLS Watson 586/1144) f. 29 He was a hedge unto his friens, A heckle to his foes, lady. a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 412 A land unknown to prose or rhyme; Where words ne'er crost the muse's heckles. 1869 Scotsman 4 Feb. 5/3 I am surprised that the question was not made a tooth in the heckle which candidates for M.P. were subjected to at the last general election. 1873 Q. Rev. Apr. 274/2 He feels the ‘maciulla,’ the heckle of the mighty grinders closing upon him. 2. a. In certain birds (including the domestic cock): the part of the neck bearing distinctive long feathers; these feathers collectively; (also) each of these feathers; = hackle n.² 2. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > neck or throat > feathers or marking on heckle?a1500 beard1744 ruffle1827 frill1860 gorgelet1872 the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > hen or cock > [noun] > cock > parts of > feather hackle1496 heckle?a1500 sickle-feather1688 saddle feather1854 saddle hackle1854 sickle1882 a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Fox l. 454 in Poems (1981) 21 I behald ȝour fedderis fair and gent, Ȝour beik, ȝour breist, ȝour hekill, and ȝour kame. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 156 Phebus red fowle..Oft streking furth his hekkyll, crawand cleir. 1705 W. Machrie Ess. Cocking 53 As for the rest of the Feathers of his Neck, (called his Heckle) they ought to be much longer than the Ridg. 1814 W. Sketchley Cocker 20 The feather of No. 3, (Birchin Duck) is a grey heckle tinged with black above, and black beneath. 1866 Temple Bar May 198 Those small, cackling, voluble, energetic lumps of fuss and feathers, always running about the farmyard with heckles up and wings spread. 1921 Ladies' Home Jrnl. Sept. 49 The graceful lines of her brown velvet turban, its only trimming being heckle feathers across the back. 1994 S. Chattopadhyay et al. Red Data Bk. Indian Animals I. 351 Nicobar Pigeon. Caloenas nicobarica... Feathers of hind neck elongated and form glistening heckles... Female slightly smaller, with smaller neck heckles. †b. to set up one's heckle and variants: to become angry or irritated. Cf. hackle n.² 2c. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry wrethec900 wrothc975 abelghec1300 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 to peck moodc1330 gremec1460 to take firea1513 fumec1522 sourdc1540 spitec1560 to set up the heckle1601 fire1604 exasperate1659 to fire up1779 to flash up1822 to get one's dander up1831 to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832 to have (also get) one's monkey up1833 to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837 rile1837 to go off the handle1839 to flare up1840 to set one's back up1845 to run hot1855 to wax up1859 to get one's rag out1862 blow1871 to get (also have) the pricker1871 to turn up rough1872 to get the needle1874 to blaze up1878 to get wet1898 spunk1898 to see red1901 to go crook1911 to get ignorant1913 to hit the ceiling1914 to hit the roof1921 to blow one's top1928 to lose one's rag1928 to lose one's haira1930 to go up in smoke1933 hackle1935 to have, get a cob on1937 to pop (also blow) one's cork1938 to go hostile1941 to go sparec1942 to do one's bun1944 to lose one's wool1944 to blow one's stack1947 to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950 rear1953 to get on ignorant1956 to go through the roof1958 to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964 to lose ita1969 to blow a gasket1975 to throw a wobbler1985 1601 J. Deacon & J. Walker Summarie Answere to Darel i. 79 If..you begin (like a cowardlie crauen) so soone to set vp the heckle. 1855 Sheffield & Rotherham Independent 24 Mar. 6/2 You must not set up your heckle against me, if you have more hair on your head. 1862 C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds & Neighbourhood 323 He's nowt to be sticking up his heckle abart, soa let him hod his noise! 1891 Chambers's Jrnl. 28 Mar. 193/2 The most friendly criticism from a master in the art where they are not even apprentices, will set up those vibrating heckles of theirs. c. Military. A plume of coloured feathers attached to a military headdress; = hackle n.² 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > plume (of feathers, etc.) crestelc1320 crestc1380 plumach1494 plumasse1494 plume1530 plumage1565 panache1584 plumassery1613 kalgi1715 hackle1816 heckle1855 panache-crest1864 osprey1885 paradise1905 1855 T. W. J. Connolly Hist. Corps Royal Sappers & Miners I. 108 The cockade and gold loop were retained; but the short-red feather was displaced by an eight-inch length white heckle. 1893 Daily News 8 Apr. 7/1 For Guildersmalsen, January, 1795, the men of the ‘Forty Twa’, were rewarded with ‘the glorious red heckle’ or vulture plume, which has ever since been the distinctive badge of the Black Watch. 1903 C. G. Gardyne Life of Regiment II. ix. 114 In the 92nd they wore tartan trousers, black belts, and a black heckle in their bonnets. 2011 J. Dunning When shall their Glory Fade? ix. 152 Even before the advent of the green beret, they wore a black heckle in their ‘bonnets’. †3. Angling. An artificial fly constructed with a hackle feather; = hackle n.² 4a. Also heckle-fly. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > artificial fly > types of moor flylOE drake-flya1450 dub-flya1450 dun cut1496 dun fly1496 louper1496 red fly1616 moorish fly1635 palmer1653 palmer fly1653 red hackle1653 red palmer1653 shell-fly1653 orange fly1662 blackfly1669 dun1676 dun hackle1676 hackle1676 mayfly1676 peacock fly1676 thorn-tree fly1676 turkey-fly1676 violet-fly1676 whirling dun1676 badger fly1681 greenfly1686 moorish brown1689 prime dun1696 sandfly1700 grey midge1724 whirling blue1747 dun drake?1758 death drake1766 hackle fly1786 badger1787 blue1787 brown-fly1787 camel-brown1787 spinner1787 midge1799 night-fly1799 thorn-fly1799 turkey1799 withy-fly1799 grayling fly1811 sun fly1820 cock-a-bondy1835 brown moth1837 bunting-lark fly1837 governor1837 water-hen hackle1837 Waterloo fly1837 coachman1839 soldier palmer1839 blue jay1843 red tag1850 canary1855 white-tip1856 spider1857 bumble1859 doctor1860 ibis1863 Jock Scott1866 eagle1867 highlander1867 jay1867 John Scott1867 judge1867 parson1867 priest1867 snow-fly1867 Jack Scott1874 Alexandra1875 silver doctor1875 Alexandra fly1882 grackle1894 grizzly queen1894 heckle-fly1897 Zulu1898 thunder and lightning1910 streamer1919 Devon1924 peacock1950 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Heckle, a fly, for angling, dressed merely with a cock's feather. 1824 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 373 What think you of these flies?..They are a dozen of devils, these black heckles. 1897 Fishing Gaz. 9 Jan. 22/1 The Grouse Lochaber may be used as a tail fly or a red heckle fly. 1906 C. G. Barrington Seventy Years' Fishing x. 199 On the Avon the Red Spinner of fair size is a favourite;..on the Wiley, small Heckles. 4. †a. Scottish. A person who heckles or provokes someone (see heckle v. 3). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd II. iv. xi. 93 What was the use of argolbargoling with such a heckle? b. An act of heckling or provoking a person (see heckle v. 3). Also: a provocative or derisive comment. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > [noun] > heckling heckling1857 heckle1905 1905 Westm. Gaz. 29 Apr. 3/2 Our congratulations to..Mr. Davies on his..successful heckle. 1936 America's Town Meeting of Air 3 Dec. 24 Senator, here is a ‘heckle’ from a lady that you and I both know, but it is in the form of a telegram. 1944 H. van Zeller Ezechiel viii. 69 We again look for some sort of an apologia, an objection or two, a mild heckle, a question. 2005 E. D. Hopkins Life After Life iii. 47 The din of cheers and the occasional heckle of war protesters. 2010 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 16 Feb. (Arts section) 13 First came the heckles from some idiot in the cheap seats. Phrases † in heckle wise: with a fringe like a cock's hackle (cf. sense 2a). Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1568 R. Henryson in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 237 His hude of skarlet bordowrit w^t silk In hekle [?a1500 hekillit] wyss vntill his girdill doun. Compounds C1. General attributive and objective (in sense 1), as heckle bar, heckle maker, heckle tooth, etc. ΚΠ ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 62 A hekyll, mataxa..A hekyll makere, hic mataxarius. 1678 in G. F. Dow Probate Rec. Essex County, Mass. (1920) III. 252 One heckel teeth, smoething Iron, could chisels, punchies & Lantrone, 4s. 1770 in A. N. Palmer Wrexham (1893) Introd. 11 One heckel-maker. 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. v. 209 The barrels..present their heckle points radially from their axes. 1839 D. D. Black Hist. Brechin ix. 202 The heckle houses at the Muckle Mill took fire. 1840 A. Ure Dict. Arts, Manufactures, & Mines 502 The lower worm shafts..by whose rotation the heckle bar is made to retrograde. 1901 Fibre & Fabric 24 Aug. 17/1 Should a sliver break..the end falls on to the teeth of an adjustable heckle bar. 1998 G. Morgan & P. Rushton Rogues, Thieves & Rule of Law 233 ‘Eggler’ probably refers to a heckler or hecklemaker, which the Winters claimed to be. 2010 Northern Echo (Electronic ed.) 4 Nov. William was a flax-maker who had a heckle-teeth factory. C2. † heckle headed adj. Obsolete rare having hair resembling a heckle (perhaps sense 1). ΚΠ ?1785 John Thompson's Man 14 Crook-backed, heckle-headed,..lap-lugged, ill-haired. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). hecklev. Brit. /ˈhɛkl/, U.S. /ˈhɛkəl/ Forms: Middle English hekele, Middle English hekyll, Middle English hekylle, Middle English–1500s hecle, 1500s heckel, 1500s heckell, 1500s– heckle, 1800s hekel (English regional (Shropshire)), 1800s hickle (English regional (East Anglian)); Scottish pre-1700 hecle, pre-1700 hekill, pre-1700 hekkill, pre-1700 hekle, pre-1700 1700s– heckle; N.E.D (1898) also records the forms Middle English heckel, Middle English heckell. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: heckle n. Etymology: Apparently < heckle n. (although this is first attested slightly later). Compare hatchel v. (especially the α. forms at that entry) and later hackle v.²With uses with reference to verbal heckling (see senses 3 and 4) compare Dutch hekelen to scold (17th cent.), German †hecheln to scold, to mock (1782), transferred uses of the respective verbs with the sense ‘to heckle flax, etc.’ (see hatchel v.). Compare also to come (or go) over (or through) the heckle pins at heckle pin n. Phrases 1 and further Dutch over den hekel halen to scold, lit. ‘to pull over the hackle’ (already in Middle Dutch), German durch die Hechel ziehen to slander, to scold, lit. ‘to pull through the hackle’ (16th cent.). 1. a. transitive. To prepare (flax, hemp, etc.) with a hackle or hackling machine, splitting, straightening, and combing the fibres in preparation for spinning. Cf. hackle v.²Hackle is now the more usual form. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > treat or process flax, hemp, or jute [verb (transitive)] > heckle hatchela1325 hecklea1325 hack1577 hackle1599 carminate1604 tow1615 rough1817 ruff1853 strick1894 a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Arun.) (1857) 144 Serencez [glossed] hekele. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 55 (MED) Make hem..of hempe namely wele pectinate i. heclede [?c1425 Paris wrastede; L. pectinatis] & clensed. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 234/1 Hekelyn, mataxo. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 582/2 My father was a hosyer and my mother dyd heckell flaxe. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. xcvii. f. 302^v/1 Flaxe is..afterward knocked, beaten.., ribbed and heckled. 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) v. xviii. 567 Heckle it through a finer heckle, then spinne it. 1677 S. Fell Househ. Acct. Bk. 29 Jan. (1920) 455 Washing rinshing, & hekleing some hempe. 1749 T. Prior Ess. Linen-manuf. Ireland 34 Five Pounds for every Ton of Flax they shall dress and heckle in a skillful Manner. 1794 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Suffolk 49 The buyer heckles it [sc. the hemp]..he makes it into two or three sorts: long strike, short strike, and pull tow. 1831 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 6 9 As soon as the racks..shall have lowered sufficiently to heckle the whole of the strick. 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. v. 213 A system of machines for scutching and heckling flax was specified by patent..in July, 1833. 1938 M. Thomas Knitting Bk. 32 Linen yarns, derived from flax.., are rippled, retted, scutched and heckled. 1996 L. Day & I. McNeil Biogr. Dict. Hist. Technol. (1998) 701 (heading) One of the first significant machines for heckling flax. 2010 D. Malcolm & P. E. Crabtree T. Morris of St Andrews ii. 15 Not only did the county have..the agricultural expertise to grow the flax, but also the water and manpower to heckle, spin and weave it. †b. transitive. To scratch. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > rub [verb (transitive)] > scratch clawc1000 scrat1340 frushc1430 scrapec1440 scartc1480 scrab1481 heckle?1507 mouse1531 bescratch1555 razea1586 ferret-claw1591 scrub1596 beclaw1603 bescramble1605 rake1609 shrub1657 talon1685 ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 43 With his hard hurcheone scyn sa heklis he my chekis. †c. intransitive. With away. Of flax: to disintegrate during the hackling process. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 153 This Kind of Lint heckles away almost to nothing, and is indeed in Appearance very fine. 1798 R. Parkinson Experienced Farmer II. lxvi. 148 If pulled before the blossom falls, it [sc. flax] heckles away almost to nothing. †2. intransitive. With on. To continue wrangling. Cf. haggle v. 3a. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 302 And ther they heckled on, till all the hous and clos baith hard much of a large hour. 3. a. transitive. Originally Scottish. To question (a politician, witness, etc.) thoroughly and persistently, esp. in order to test the strength of his or her position or statements. In later use also: to abuse or taunt (a speaker, performer, etc.) with derisive or aggressive comments. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > heckle heckle1808 society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [verb (transitive)] > interrogate candidate publicly heckle1808 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Heckle, to tease with questions, to examine severely. 1860 Scotsman 29 Aug. Mr John Hope did not think the deputation came there to be heckled with questions in this manner. 1886 Leeds Mercury 12 Mar. 5/2 The audience proceeded to ‘heckle’ him in a way dear to Scotch constituencies. 1903 Empire Rev. Dec. 498 The crowd..heckled him in turn. ‘Leave politics and go back to your sausage-machine,’ called one. 1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. 278 The famous Q.C. looked..the very picture of a man who could heckle a witness. 1919 School Sept. 47 Many spectators of a game consider it perfectly legitimate to ‘heckle’ the players in order to induce poorer play. 1951 3rd Statist. Acct. Scotl. 336 Free speech and tolerance usually characterise election proceedings. The candidates get a good hearing but are well ‘heckled’. 2002 Yorks. Post (Nexis) 6 July The Liverpool comic had been heckled by Mr Thomas after making a joke with racist overtones. b. intransitive. Originally: to ask questions in an insistent or probing manner; to pester with questions. Later: to call out derisive or aggressive comments or abuse, esp. in order to interrupt a public speaker. ΚΠ 1880 Punch 28 Aug. To heckle with questions and bother with Bogeys Appear the Fourth Party's preposterous rules. 1929 B. Johnston Let. 13 Oct. in Lett. Home 1926–45 (1998) 36 I heckled the whole time, though there was not time to speak. 1937 Nation's Schools Feb. 37/3 What a stimulating experience to heckle and to be heckled! It makes the speaker..more conscientious about his pronunciamentos. 1947 Life 10 Nov. 114/1 Street sermons in England, which Wesley preached after coming back from America, were disrupted by mobs that heckled and threw stones. 1970 Financial Times 8 Jan. 1/6 The militants, grouped in a few rows at the rear, heckled and shouted. 2014 M. Worthen Apostles of Reason ix. 188 At the end of his speech some students gave him a standing ovation (others booed and heckled). c. transitive. To pester or badger (a person) to do something or about something; to harass. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > harass [verb (transitive)] tawc893 ermec897 swencheOE besetOE bestandc1000 teenOE baitc1175 grieve?c1225 war?c1225 noyc1300 pursuec1300 travailc1300 to work (also do) annoyc1300 tribula1325 worka1325 to hold wakenc1330 chase1340 twistc1374 wrap1380 cumbera1400 harrya1400 vexc1410 encumber1413 inquiet1413 molest?a1425 course1466 persecutec1475 trouble1489 sturt1513 hare1523 hag1525 hale1530 exercise1531 to grate on or upon1532 to hold or keep waking1533 infest1533 scourge1540 molestate1543 pinch1548 trounce1551 to shake upa1556 tire1558 moila1560 pester1566 importune1578 hunt1583 moider1587 bebait1589 commacerate1596 bepester1600 ferret1600 harsell1603 hurry1611 gall1614 betoil1622 weary1633 tribulatea1637 harass1656 dun1659 overharry1665 worry1671 haul1678 to plague the life out of1746 badger1782 hatchel1800 worry1811 bedevil1823 devil1823 victimize1830 frab1848 mither1848 to pester the life out of1848 haik1855 beplague1870 chevy1872 obsede1876 to get on ——1880 to load up with1880 tail-twist1898 hassle1901 heckle1920 snooter1923 hassle1945 to breathe down (the back of) (someone's) neck1946 to bust (a person's) chops1953 noodge1960 monster1967 1920 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 200/2 His wife was constantly heckling him to keep him at work at jobs that would bring in some real cash. 1944 Rhinelander (Wisconsin) Daily News 24 Oct. 3/1 Mrs. Frank Burk is heckled by her daughter to get her silvery hair blue-rinsed. 1950 A. White Lost Traveller v. vi. 241 My Papa was always heckling me about what I was going to do and all that. 1990 W. Perriam Fifty-minute Hour (1991) viii. 109 It was..most unsettling to see him outside in the street, competing with the traffic, dwarfed by ruthless buildings, heckled by the rain. 2002 B. Haig Mortal Allies l. 476 She sat beside my bed and heckled me to quit faking it and get my ass back to work. 4. transitive. Scottish and English regional (northern). To scold, chastise. Also with direct speech as object. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word), records this sense as still in use in Ulster in 1956.It is dubious whether the following is an earlier example of this sense: it may be simply a figurative use of sense 1a: a1689 W. Cleland Coll. Poems (1697) 8 Ladies Heckl'd, and Lords Horn'd, Some for lending Money scorn'd. ΚΠ 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Heckle, to beat, to chastise [ed. 1 (1824) reads only to beat]. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb (ed. 2) xlv. 251 Whether it was in accordance with proper etiquette..to invite Dawvid Hadden into his house, and then ‘heckle’ him after this fashion, I shall not pretend to say. 1899 J. F. Fraser Round World on Wheel xxvi. 319 The mandarin heckled the lot. 1911 G. M. Gordon Clay Biggin' 8 ‘I'll no pit him til the fash o' refusin' me,’ heckled Auld Davy. Derivatives heckˈlee n. [after heckler n. 2] a person who is the target of hostile comments or probing questions; cf. sense 3. ΚΠ 1895 Daily Tel. 17 July 5/1 As a ‘hecklee’—if the term be permissible—the Liberal candidate for East Fife leaves little to be desired. 1989 Sunday Times (Nexis) 26 Nov. It's nonsense for the cameras to show a hecklee, and not the heckler. 2007 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 11 Apr. (Features section) 22 Even politicians themselves sometimes sound like hecklers. Most hecklees try to find a way of coping. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1425v.a1325
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