appraisaln.

Brit.

/əˈpreɪzl/, U.S.

/əˈpreɪz(ə)l/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: appraise v., -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < appraise v. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier appraisement n.

1. The action or an act of setting a price on or estimating the monetary value of something.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > [noun] > so as to fix value

taxationc1325

estimation1382

appraising1430

valuing1434

stentc1460

appreciationc1475

prizement1481

sessinga1500

value1523

valuation1529

esteemc1547

estimate1565

appraisement1583

apprizement1605

pricea1616

appraisal1698

apprizing1754

evaluation1755

1698 in Acts & Laws Massachusetts-Bay (1724) 125 Paying such necessary Charges..adjusted and determined by the Justice that ordered the Appraisal thereof.

1734 in Acts & Laws Colony of Rhode-Island (1745) 180 A faithful and indifferent Appraisal of the yearly Damage done to the Person complaining.

1787 Statutes State Vermont 51 A true and perfect inventory and appraisal of all the estate whatsoever of the person deceased.

1818 I. F. Coffin Jrnl. 15 Mar. in Jrnl. Resid. Chili (1823) 64 Orders have been issued by the government here, for the appraisal and sale of the Beaver and the Canton.

1863 B. Taylor Hannah Thurston I. 67 An inventory and appraisal of the live stock.

1891 Northeastern Reporter 27 395/2 It requires the appraisal to be made immediately after the death of the decedent, at the fair market value of the property.

1920 Factory Jan. 41/1 Appraisals in the industrial field were made principally for insurance purposes.

1972 ABA Jrnl. May 483/2 The dealer doing the valuation, unless he is an expert willing and able to devote considerable time to the appraisal, will very likely miss some of these items.

2005 A. Van den Bosch Austral. Art World i. 17 Appraisers differ greatly over the proper level of an appraisal for insurance purposes.

2. The action or an act of estimating or assessing the quality or worth of something or someone.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > [noun]

weenc888

rightnessOE

steemc1330

sight1362

witc1374

emprisea1393

reputation?c1400

apprizingc1449

nick?a1450

vail1471

countc1475

opinionc1480

estimationc1522

meting1548

reckoning1548

valuation1548

computation1558

account1583

cess1588

esteem1598

appreciation1605

resentiment1606

repute1610

ratea1616

assessmenta1626

estimate1637

vote1639

supputation1643

compute1646

value1651

resentment1655

contemplation1673

critique1798

appraisement1808

appraisal1817

viewa1854

sizing up1967

chit1989

1817 S. T. Coleridge Biogr. Lit. 151 Criticism as employed in the appraisal of works [sc. poems] more or less imperfect.

1838 T. De Quincey (title) A Brief Appraisal of Greek Literature.

1873 M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma vii. 214 Here are both inward appraisal and self-renouncement.

1894 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. May 596 The duke turned upon me a pair of pale-blue eyes whose expression made me wince internally. It was as though he were taking an appraisal of my physical advantages.

1911 Pacific 29 Nov. 3/2 A young man might well be forgiven if, having attempted an honest appraisal of his own powers, he fled from so..appallingly glorious an opportunity.

1947 Public Utilities Fortn. 17 July 101/2 I read in ‘Pages with the Editors’ an appraisal of reasons behind the weak market for utility stocks.

1973 E. Caldwell Annette (1974) i. ii. 11 Doan was boldly looking her up and down..and intently inspecting her slender, rounded figure as if making an expert appraisal of her body completely unclothed.

2001 Foreign Policy Nov. 14/3 It appears to overcorrect, providing perhaps too rosy an appraisal of the current situation.

3. spec.

a. The action or process of evaluating how well a person is performing at work; (in later use) esp. the process of carrying out appraisals (sense 3b).

ΚΠ

1915 Munic. Engineers' Jrnl. (N.Y.) May 20 Appraisal has been the natural method in private organizations for determining the compensation of employees.

1939 Catal. Copyright Entries (Library of Congress) 36 No. 1. 101/2 (title) Plan for inventory and appraisal of executive personnel.

1955 Personnel Jan. 431/2 The two most frequently stated purposes of appraisal are: (a) to improve current performance; and (b) to build an adequate managerial reserve.

1986 Professional Teacher Summer 16/1 If teachers do not take appraisal seriously, and regulate their own profession, politicians will do it for them.

2011 A. Price & A. Scowcroft Essent. Skills Managing in Healthcare ii. 23 A person's experience of appraisal (either positive or negative) has a major impact on their sense of feeling valued.

b. A formal evaluation of an employee's performance over a particular period, typically conducted in an interview with his or her manager or supervisor; (also) a document summarizing such an evaluation. Cf. performance appraisal n. at performance n. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > [noun] > appraisal of character or qualities

estimate1589

vetting1918

appraisal1950

positive vetting1954

performance appraisal1955

peer review1967

1950 Changing Times Feb. 14/1 After appraisals have been made, discuss each employe's rating with him.

1975 ARL Managem. Suppl. May 5/1 The individual has the opportunity to read the appraisal and discuss it with the supervisor.

2004 C. W. Downs & A. D. Adrian Assessing Organizational Communication v. 78 A number of employees for an airline complained that they had not had an appraisal within the last year.

4. Oil Industry. An evaluation of the amount of oil or gas that a particular field could potentially produce.

ΚΠ

1942 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 26 1283 An appraisal..is..the well considered opinion of a competent person about..the amount of oil and gas recoverable.

1975 Financial Times 13 Sept. 10/7 Rigs are increasingly being switched to field appraisal and delineation work, rather than new exploration.

1993 J. E. Hartshorn Oil Trade iii. 55 The working life of most fields stretches out longer than was originally planned, because the reserves turn out to be larger than the first appraisal.

Compounds

C1.

a. General attributive (now chiefly in sense 3).Recorded earliest in appraisal system n. at Compounds 1b.

ΚΠ

1858 N.Y. Herald 6 May 9/3 The appraisal system [for revenue laws] has undergone valuable changes.

1915 Polit. Sci. Q. 30 472 The court was practically compelled to follow the appraisal method of valuation.

1935 Rev. Educ. Res. 5 501 Research in improving examinations must consider the assumptions underlying an appraisal program.

1945 Jrnl. Farm Econ. 27 624 Those who want to use the appraisal document in later years to apply certain corrections without necessarily having the whole property re-appraised.

1966 Acad. Managem. Jrnl. 12 508 The subjective use of any appraisal criteria based on the appraiser's personal preferences or unpublicized variables, will do injustice for both the organization and its members.

1990 Times Educ. Suppl. 14 Dec. 6/2 Each teacher will be observed teaching on two occasions; that will be followed by an appraisal interview and the preparation of an appraisal statement.

2008 T. Deb Performance Appraisal & Managem. 330 The action plan consisted of..consultation with the appraisal committee, finalization of performance ratings,..[etc.].

appraisal form n.

ΚΠ

1919 Alien Prop. Custodian Rep. 584 Where any securities are found to be worthless, so indicate on appraisal form, stating reason for this conclusion.

2002 R. P. Gee N.Z. Sales Managem. iv. 64 Give the new employee a copy of the appraisal form that will be used to appraise salespeople, so they know how their performance will be measured.

appraisal meeting n.

ΚΠ

1928 South Western Reporter 300 901/2 Arbitration of loss under fire policies held invalid, where insured was kept from the appraisal meeting although the company's adjuster was allowed to be present.

2005 Acad. Managem. Executive 19 46/1 In your appraisal meeting, move beyond (Subordinate's Name)'s past shortcomings.

appraisal process n.

ΚΠ

1920 Jrnl. Accountancy Mar. 208 They have specified in effect that the appraisal process is necessary in any adjustment of fixed assets.

2005 C. Newbrook Ducks in Row 196 Our appraisal process operates on a transparent policy of no surprises basis.

appraisal scheme n.

ΚΠ

1930 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 151 203/2 The study of the health departments led to the construction by the American Public Health Association of its appraisal scheme, by which municipalities can measure the adequacy and the efficiency of their services.

2003 W. McCourt & D. Eldridge Global Human Resource Managem. 209 Introducing a formal appraisal scheme gives a powerful message to managers, possibly for the first time: you are responsible for the performance of the staff you manage.

appraisal system n.

ΚΠ

1858Appraisal system [see Compounds 1a].

1967 L. Coulthard & B. Smith in G. Wills & R. Yearsley Handbk. Managem. Technol. 205 Large and expensive personnel departments, which maintain extensive records, card indexes, files, annual appraisal systems, charts, league tables, and so on.

2004 Computer Weekly 25 May 6/4 A row has broken out over a staff appraisal system at IT services company Unisys.

C2. attributive. Oil Industry. Designating or relating to the drilling of a field for the purposes of appraisal (sense 4), as appraisal drilling, appraisal well, etc.

ΚΠ

1947 Statistics of Oil & Gas Devel. & Production 1946 472/2 Several appraisal wells drilled as outsteps from proven fields were successfully completed.

1948 Inst. Petroleum Rev. 2 194/1 In planning the appraisal drilling campaign, it is usual to begin with a dip section of wells across the flanks of the structure..and a strike section towards the plunges.

1975 Petroleum Rev. May 323/1 The development of such a field in the North Sea is characterised by costly appraisal drilling.

2005 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 10 Sept. 24 Atlantic Petroleum..said that an appraisal oil well on West Lennox would be spudded next week.

C3.

appraisal value n. chiefly North American the estimated monetary value of something; spec. the estimated value of a company, based on a calculation of future as well as current profits.

ΚΠ

1841 Jrnl. House of Representatives Mich. 382 The same shall not be sold by reason of the two-thirds appraisal value not having been bid.

1909 Rep. New Eng. Telephone & Telegr. Company 1908 5 The appraisal value of the entire property of the Company is $46,540,819.

1977 Washington Post 9 July d1/1 It is clear that assigning appraisal values to home improvements can be a very complicated business.

1989 Sunday Times 12 Nov. d20/1 Pearl has won a ruling that its defence document can include an ‘appraisal value’—a figure that takes account of both present and future income.

2005 J. H. Kunstler Long Emergency vi. 225 Accounting irregularities abounded, often involving the multiple resale of defaulted properties at inflated appraisal values.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	appraisal
释义	appraisaln. Brit. /əˈpreɪzl/, U.S. /əˈpreɪz(ə)l/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: appraise v., -al suffix¹. Etymology: < appraise v. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier appraisement n. 1. The action or an act of setting a price on or estimating the monetary value of something. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > [noun] > so as to fix value taxationc1325 estimation1382 appraising1430 valuing1434 stentc1460 appreciationc1475 prizement1481 sessinga1500 value1523 valuation1529 esteemc1547 estimate1565 appraisement1583 apprizement1605 pricea1616 appraisal1698 apprizing1754 evaluation1755 1698 in Acts & Laws Massachusetts-Bay (1724) 125 Paying such necessary Charges..adjusted and determined by the Justice that ordered the Appraisal thereof. 1734 in Acts & Laws Colony of Rhode-Island (1745) 180 A faithful and indifferent Appraisal of the yearly Damage done to the Person complaining. 1787 Statutes State Vermont 51 A true and perfect inventory and appraisal of all the estate whatsoever of the person deceased. 1818 I. F. Coffin Jrnl. 15 Mar. in Jrnl. Resid. Chili (1823) 64 Orders have been issued by the government here, for the appraisal and sale of the Beaver and the Canton. 1863 B. Taylor Hannah Thurston I. 67 An inventory and appraisal of the live stock. 1891 Northeastern Reporter 27 395/2 It requires the appraisal to be made immediately after the death of the decedent, at the fair market value of the property. 1920 Factory Jan. 41/1 Appraisals in the industrial field were made principally for insurance purposes. 1972 ABA Jrnl. May 483/2 The dealer doing the valuation, unless he is an expert willing and able to devote considerable time to the appraisal, will very likely miss some of these items. 2005 A. Van den Bosch Austral. Art World i. 17 Appraisers differ greatly over the proper level of an appraisal for insurance purposes. 2. The action or an act of estimating or assessing the quality or worth of something or someone. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > [noun] weenc888 rightnessOE steemc1330 sight1362 witc1374 emprisea1393 reputation?c1400 apprizingc1449 nick?a1450 vail1471 countc1475 opinionc1480 estimationc1522 meting1548 reckoning1548 valuation1548 computation1558 account1583 cess1588 esteem1598 appreciation1605 resentiment1606 repute1610 ratea1616 assessmenta1626 estimate1637 vote1639 supputation1643 compute1646 value1651 resentment1655 contemplation1673 critique1798 appraisement1808 appraisal1817 viewa1854 sizing up1967 chit1989 1817 S. T. Coleridge Biogr. Lit. 151 Criticism as employed in the appraisal of works [sc. poems] more or less imperfect. 1838 T. De Quincey (title) A Brief Appraisal of Greek Literature. 1873 M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma vii. 214 Here are both inward appraisal and self-renouncement. 1894 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. May 596 The duke turned upon me a pair of pale-blue eyes whose expression made me wince internally. It was as though he were taking an appraisal of my physical advantages. 1911 Pacific 29 Nov. 3/2 A young man might well be forgiven if, having attempted an honest appraisal of his own powers, he fled from so..appallingly glorious an opportunity. 1947 Public Utilities Fortn. 17 July 101/2 I read in ‘Pages with the Editors’ an appraisal of reasons behind the weak market for utility stocks. 1973 E. Caldwell Annette (1974) i. ii. 11 Doan was boldly looking her up and down..and intently inspecting her slender, rounded figure as if making an expert appraisal of her body completely unclothed. 2001 Foreign Policy Nov. 14/3 It appears to overcorrect, providing perhaps too rosy an appraisal of the current situation. 3. spec. a. The action or process of evaluating how well a person is performing at work; (in later use) esp. the process of carrying out appraisals (sense 3b). ΚΠ 1915 Munic. Engineers' Jrnl. (N.Y.) May 20 Appraisal has been the natural method in private organizations for determining the compensation of employees. 1939 Catal. Copyright Entries (Library of Congress) 36 No. 1. 101/2 (title) Plan for inventory and appraisal of executive personnel. 1955 Personnel Jan. 431/2 The two most frequently stated purposes of appraisal are: (a) to improve current performance; and (b) to build an adequate managerial reserve. 1986 Professional Teacher Summer 16/1 If teachers do not take appraisal seriously, and regulate their own profession, politicians will do it for them. 2011 A. Price & A. Scowcroft Essent. Skills Managing in Healthcare ii. 23 A person's experience of appraisal (either positive or negative) has a major impact on their sense of feeling valued. b. A formal evaluation of an employee's performance over a particular period, typically conducted in an interview with his or her manager or supervisor; (also) a document summarizing such an evaluation. Cf. performance appraisal n. at performance n. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > [noun] > appraisal of character or qualities estimate1589 vetting1918 appraisal1950 positive vetting1954 performance appraisal1955 peer review1967 1950 Changing Times Feb. 14/1 After appraisals have been made, discuss each employe's rating with him. 1975 ARL Managem. Suppl. May 5/1 The individual has the opportunity to read the appraisal and discuss it with the supervisor. 2004 C. W. Downs & A. D. Adrian Assessing Organizational Communication v. 78 A number of employees for an airline complained that they had not had an appraisal within the last year. 4. Oil Industry. An evaluation of the amount of oil or gas that a particular field could potentially produce. ΚΠ 1942 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 26 1283 An appraisal..is..the well considered opinion of a competent person about..the amount of oil and gas recoverable. 1975 Financial Times 13 Sept. 10/7 Rigs are increasingly being switched to field appraisal and delineation work, rather than new exploration. 1993 J. E. Hartshorn Oil Trade iii. 55 The working life of most fields stretches out longer than was originally planned, because the reserves turn out to be larger than the first appraisal. Compounds C1. a. General attributive (now chiefly in sense 3).Recorded earliest in appraisal system n. at Compounds 1b. ΚΠ 1858 N.Y. Herald 6 May 9/3 The appraisal system [for revenue laws] has undergone valuable changes. 1915 Polit. Sci. Q. 30 472 The court was practically compelled to follow the appraisal method of valuation. 1935 Rev. Educ. Res. 5 501 Research in improving examinations must consider the assumptions underlying an appraisal program. 1945 Jrnl. Farm Econ. 27 624 Those who want to use the appraisal document in later years to apply certain corrections without necessarily having the whole property re-appraised. 1966 Acad. Managem. Jrnl. 12 508 The subjective use of any appraisal criteria based on the appraiser's personal preferences or unpublicized variables, will do injustice for both the organization and its members. 1990 Times Educ. Suppl. 14 Dec. 6/2 Each teacher will be observed teaching on two occasions; that will be followed by an appraisal interview and the preparation of an appraisal statement. 2008 T. Deb Performance Appraisal & Managem. 330 The action plan consisted of..consultation with the appraisal committee, finalization of performance ratings,..[etc.]. b. appraisal form n. ΚΠ 1919 Alien Prop. Custodian Rep. 584 Where any securities are found to be worthless, so indicate on appraisal form, stating reason for this conclusion. 2002 R. P. Gee N.Z. Sales Managem. iv. 64 Give the new employee a copy of the appraisal form that will be used to appraise salespeople, so they know how their performance will be measured. appraisal meeting n. ΚΠ 1928 South Western Reporter 300 901/2 Arbitration of loss under fire policies held invalid, where insured was kept from the appraisal meeting although the company's adjuster was allowed to be present. 2005 Acad. Managem. Executive 19 46/1 In your appraisal meeting, move beyond (Subordinate's Name)'s past shortcomings. appraisal process n. ΚΠ 1920 Jrnl. Accountancy Mar. 208 They have specified in effect that the appraisal process is necessary in any adjustment of fixed assets. 2005 C. Newbrook Ducks in Row 196 Our appraisal process operates on a transparent policy of no surprises basis. appraisal scheme n. ΚΠ 1930 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 151 203/2 The study of the health departments led to the construction by the American Public Health Association of its appraisal scheme, by which municipalities can measure the adequacy and the efficiency of their services. 2003 W. McCourt & D. Eldridge Global Human Resource Managem. 209 Introducing a formal appraisal scheme gives a powerful message to managers, possibly for the first time: you are responsible for the performance of the staff you manage. appraisal system n. ΚΠ 1858Appraisal system [see Compounds 1a]. 1967 L. Coulthard & B. Smith in G. Wills & R. Yearsley Handbk. Managem. Technol. 205 Large and expensive personnel departments, which maintain extensive records, card indexes, files, annual appraisal systems, charts, league tables, and so on. 2004 Computer Weekly 25 May 6/4 A row has broken out over a staff appraisal system at IT services company Unisys. C2. attributive. Oil Industry. Designating or relating to the drilling of a field for the purposes of appraisal (sense 4), as appraisal drilling, appraisal well, etc. ΚΠ 1947 Statistics of Oil & Gas Devel. & Production 1946 472/2 Several appraisal wells drilled as outsteps from proven fields were successfully completed. 1948 Inst. Petroleum Rev. 2 194/1 In planning the appraisal drilling campaign, it is usual to begin with a dip section of wells across the flanks of the structure..and a strike section towards the plunges. 1975 Petroleum Rev. May 323/1 The development of such a field in the North Sea is characterised by costly appraisal drilling. 2005 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 10 Sept. 24 Atlantic Petroleum..said that an appraisal oil well on West Lennox would be spudded next week. C3. appraisal value n. chiefly North American the estimated monetary value of something; spec. the estimated value of a company, based on a calculation of future as well as current profits. ΚΠ 1841 Jrnl. House of Representatives Mich. 382 The same shall not be sold by reason of the two-thirds appraisal value not having been bid. 1909 Rep. New Eng. Telephone & Telegr. Company 1908 5 The appraisal value of the entire property of the Company is $46,540,819. 1977 Washington Post 9 July d1/1 It is clear that assigning appraisal values to home improvements can be a very complicated business. 1989 Sunday Times 12 Nov. d20/1 Pearl has won a ruling that its defence document can include an ‘appraisal value’—a figure that takes account of both present and future income. 2005 J. H. Kunstler Long Emergency vi. 225 Accounting irregularities abounded, often involving the multiple resale of defaulted properties at inflated appraisal values. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1698
随便看	accent shift accent sign accent stripe accent-shifting accented accentedly accentedness accenting accentless accentological accentologist accentologists accentology accentor accentors accents accentshifting accentual accentualist accentuality accentually accentuate accentuated accentuates accentuating