headingn.

Brit.

/ˈhɛdɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈhɛdɪŋ/

Forms: Middle English hedyng, Middle English hadinge, Middle English hedynge, Middle English hefding, Middle English heueding, Middle English heuedyng, Middle English hevedinge, Middle English hevedynge, Middle English 1600s heveding, Middle English–1500s heding, 1500s headdyng, 1500s headyng, 1500s headynge, 1500s heddynge, 1500s hedinge, 1500s– heading, 1600s hedding, 1600s heviding; also Scottish pre-1700 heading, pre-1700 heding, pre-1700 heidding, pre-1700 heidin, pre-1700 heyding, pre-1700 1700s–1800s heiding, 1800s hehdin'.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: head v., -ing suffix¹; head n.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly (in branch I.) < head v. + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in branch II.) < head n.¹ + -ing suffix¹.With sense 4 compare earlier heading adj. With sense 7 and heading dog n. at Compounds 3 compare earlier header n. 11 and later head v. 19b. In sense 8, the 17th-cent. forms heveding and heviding occur in the sources of quots. a1641 and 1662 in paraphrases of 14th-cent. documents (not traced) and probably reflect Middle English forms. The form hedding occurs in the same source in paraphrases of 14th-, 16th-, and 17th-cent. documents; some of these may show elements of field names. It has been suggested that the sense in some of these cases might alternatively be that of headland n. 1; compare head n.¹ 39. With sense 13 compare earlier head n.¹ 45 and headway n. 2.

I. The action of head v.

1. The action or practice of making, providing, or fitting a head for an arrow, nail, cask, etc.

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society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > making of other specific articles or materials > [noun] > others

heading1390

saddleryc1449

stiling1509

wax-making?1544

pin-makinga1711

pipe-making1721

keeve-work1776

kelp-making1810

handrailing1814

kelping1822

pin-heading1835

blanket-making1857

safe making1867

stick dressing1891

1390–1 in L. T. Smith Exped. Prussia & Holy Land Earl Derby (1894) 22 Pro hedynge iiij doliorum pro floure imponendo.

1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 193 For hopyng and hedyng and settyng in of hedys of pypys and barells.

1515 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1903) V. 12 The dichting and heding of my lord governouris speris and pikkis.

1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Enastadura, heading with iron.

1651 J. White Rich Cabinet sig. H5^v Now having primed your Rocket, you may proceed to the heading of it.

1792 W. M. Moseley Ess. Archery vi. 130 Latterly, iron has been in general use for the heading of Arrows.

1816 Niles' Weekly Reg. 18 May 188/2 There are three great stages in the operations..: 1. the cutting the iron for the nail; 2. the griping the nail; 3. the heading of the nail.

1857 F. Wayland Elem. Polit. Econ. (rev. ed.) 46 In pin-making, the straightening of the wire is one operation.., the heading of the pin is another.

1954 Riveting of Aluminium (Aluminium Federation Bull. 8) (1965) 25 Automatic operations are extended to the dishing or dimpling of the plate round the hole, the driving, and the final heading of the rivet.

1992 R. Samuel in L. R. Berlanstein Industr. Revol. & Work in 19th-cent. Europe i. ii. 38 Wright's pin machine of 1824..turned out to be so far from perfect that forty years later,..the ‘nobbing’ or heading of the pin had still very often to be done by hand.

a. The action of cutting off the head; beheading, decapitation, esp. as a punishment. Also: an instance of this. In later use frequently coupled with hanging. Now rare (archaic and historical in later use).

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society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading

beheading?c1225

decollationa1387

headinga1400

fasces1641

decolling1648

decapitation1650

beheadal1859

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 22860 Men..wit hefding draght, or hanging spilt.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 113 Be þai [sc. serpentez] put after þe decollacioun i. heuedyng [L. decolationem] in alembic & be þer made water.

a1450 St. Katherine (Richardson 44) (1884) 67 Thou madest in hire hedynge mylke to flowe out for blood.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxxvii. f. xiiii^v By heddynge, fleynge, brennynge, & other cruell Execucyons.

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. v. 66 To be periured was headyng.

1603 J. Davies Extasie in Microcosmos 242 No Heading, Hanging, Burning, or the like, Shalt need to vse, ne with the Sword to strike.

1692 T. Wagstaffe Vindic. King Charles xv. 102 Their frequent Headings and Gibbettings.

1714 J. Anderson Def. Church-govt. Pref. p. iii The Rough Arguments of Heading, Hanging, and such like.

1832 C. W. Le Bas Life Wiclif x. 357 He relates..the hanging, embowelling, and heading, of Sir Thomas Blount.

1893 Athenæum 9 Sept. 346/1 Plots and rumours of plots, with their consequences of headings and hangings.

1904 H. B. Wheatley Story of London v. 127 The sheriffs maintained their ancient privileges of headings and hangings beyond the Tower walls.

b. The action or an act of cutting off the top or head of a tree or plant, topping; the pruning of branches. Also with back, down.

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the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > pruning or lopping

shreddingc1000

putation?1440

snathing1485

loppingc1511

brushing1513

topping1513

twisting1535

pruning1548

heading1552

browsing1574

lop1575

disbranching1600

debranching1601

stocking1611

stowing1618

polling1626

supputation1656

summer pruning1669

snedding1720

shrouding1725

pollarding1794

thinning1800

brashing1950

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > removal or taking away > of the top part

heading1552

scalping1871

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Headynge, or choppynge, or clyppynge of any thynge, truncatio.

1608 H. Plat Floraes Paradise Beautified 159 If you cut off the top or head of an Elme, it wil not leaue rotting downeward, till it be hollow; and doate within: but an Oake will abide heading, & not rot.

1614 G. Markham 2nd Bk. Eng. Husbandman ii. vi. 81 This lopping or heading of Trees, is the cutting off of the armes and vppermost branches of Trees, and suffering the body to grow still.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1708) i. 335 As 'tis a large tree you must avoid heading of them if you can.

1768 J. Gibson Fruit-gardener ii. xv. 163 The planter being now instructed in the manner of planting and heading down of wall-trees, it is proper I should give directions with regard to [etc.].

1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 ii. 396 Heading-down, that is, removing all the branches to within a foot or two of the main forks or the stem of the tree.

1886 G. Nicholson Illustr. Dict. Gardening (at cited word) Heading-down will be requisite with fruit-trees which it is intended to graft.

1903 W. T. Macoun Plum Culture 41 There is a difference of opinion..in regard to the heading back of plum trees.

1924 Pop. Mech. Apr. 629/1 Fruit growers have debated the comparative value of high and low heading of trees, and the heavy and light-pruning methods.

2003 K. D. Cutler Pruning Trees, Shrubs & Vines 20 Since heading eliminates the terminal bud, it forces new growth close to the cut.

†3. Hunting. With reference to a hunted (or occasionally hunting) animal: the action of changing direction suddenly and sharply while running; doubling. Also: an instance of this. Cf. head n.¹ 47. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > moving with sudden turns

doubling1573

heading1607

redoubling1749

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 152 The nature of this Hare is, sometimes to leape and make headings, sometime to tread softly.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 135 Remembring and preuenting..the subtile turninges, and headinges, of the Hart.

1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting xxi. 278 The many chances that are against you in fox-hunting; the changing frequently; the heading of the foxes..make it necessary to keep always as near to the fox as you can.

1803 W. Taplin Sporting Dict. 509 When found, she cannot be permitted to go off too silently before the hounds; her own extreme timidity frequently occasions her heading, and the pack are as repeatedly liable to over-run the scent.

1853 T. De Quincey Autobiogr. Sketches in Select. Grave & Gay I. ii. 136 The chase lasted for 17 miles nominally; but, allowing for all the doublings and headings back of the dog, by computation for about 24.

4. With reference to a cabbage, broccoli, or other heading plant: the action or process of forming a head (head n.¹ 15). Also with out, up.

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the world > plants > part of plant > head or heart > [noun] > head or top > forming a head

heading1805

1805 A. Rees Cycl. (1819) V. at Brassica The true purple kind is superior both in size and perfectness of heading.

1847 D. Landreth Johnson's Dict. Mod. Gardening 281/2 Heading, or as it is also termed Cabbaging or Loaving, is an aptitude to unfold the central leaves, characterizing the various member of the cabbage tribe.

1873 Southern Cultivator Sept. 356/2 Nitrogenous manures rather hasten than retard the ‘heading out’.

1904 Plant World June 156 The cabbage..should be sprayed with Paris green after the heading-up has commenced.

1985 Insights Outstanding Farmers (Internat. Rice Res. Instit.) 25 When temperatures are low during heading, sterility percentage is greatly increased.

2007 G. R. Dixon Veg. Brassicas & Related Crucifers ii. 49 Two genes..or more are involved in heading.

a. Originally Nautical. The direction in which something (as a ship, aeroplane, compass, etc.) is pointing or moving, typically expressed relative to a compass point; a bearing. Frequently with on. Also figurative.compass heading: see the first element.

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the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [noun] > course or direction of movement

runeeOE

runningOE

pathOE

wayOE

tracea1300

coursec1380

racec1390

recourse?c1425

situation1517

journey?a1560

track1565

roadway1600

career?1614

direction1665

by-run1674

sensea1679

meith1726

heading1841

society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > navigation of course of aircraft > [noun] > course

course1905

flight path1911

heading1917

track1919

vector1941

1841 Ladies' Repository Aug. 235/2 The heading of the ship, and the hints of our pilot, George, assured us we should soon anchor in Paros.

1875 Rep. Secretary Navy (U.S. House of Representatives, 44th Congr. 1st Sess.) 66 Large deviations of the compass would have resulted, had the ship been swung upon different headings round the compass circle.

1884 Rep. Secretary Navy (48th U.S. Congr., 2nd Session) I. 538 The lights were intended to indicate the position and the heading of the torpedo.

1917 Terrestr. Magnetism & Atmospheric Electr. Mar. 52 These deviations..occur only when the aeroplane is turning... When the angle of tilt..exceeds the complement [of the magnetic dip], the compass will be completely reversed on an easterly heading.

1986 B. Lopez Arctic Dreams vi. 213 In a wide lead, small floes roll slowly off the wind to the right, on a heading of 30 [degrees] to it.

1999 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 25 Feb. a18 Serbia's future appeared to be on a different heading.

2007 Flying June 94/1 It was at roughly 1,800 feet while in a climbing turn right to an assigned southerly heading when things started to go very wrong.

b. The action or an act of facing or moving in a specified direction. Also figurative with reference to progress over time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [noun]

runeeOE

coursec1290

draughta1325

careerc1534

addression1602

tendence1644

tendency1654

ducturea1674

traduction1675

headinga1855

a1855 R. Crowell Hist. Town of Essex 1634–1868 (1868) vii. 365 It was first understood by the heading of the boat up the river, that their destination was Port Hudson.

1888 Yale Lit. Mag. June 408 A powerful thinker..finds our wider and wider conquest of land, sea, air, space, time..but the heading of the boat up stream while the current carries it down to the oblivion of all on board.

1916 K. Munroe At War with Pontiac xvii. 124 Conversation was interrupted at this moment by the appearance of a beach suitable for a landing, and the heading of the boat toward it.

1994 B. Allen in T. Ingold Compan. Encycl. Anthropol. xviii. 518 The heading towards the future is simultaneously a regaining of the past.

2003 J. Mercenier & M. Mérette in R. Neck Modeling & Control of Econ. Syst. 2001 175 The heading of the baby boom generations towards retirement will rapidly increase the proportion of elderly in the population of many industrialized countries.

6. Association Football. The action or technique of striking a football with the head.

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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres

footer1781

place-kick1845

place-kicking1845

punt1845

miskick1868

footwork1871

goal-kicking1871

shinning1873

punt kick1876

tackle1876

heading1887

dribble1889

throw-in1896

breakaway1906

right-footer1906

set piece1938

long ball1954

scissors kick1955

1887 Sporting Life (Philadelphia) 28 Mar. 4/5 Their kicking and heading being perfection.

1887 M. Shearman Athletics & Football (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 347 Heading is often quicker than ‘footing’ when the ball is high in the air.

1915 C. Kearton & J. Barnes Through Central Afr. vii. 93 I once saw some natives playing ‘soccer’... At scientific heading of the ball I have never seen their equal.

1998 J. T. Goncalves Princ. Brazilian Soccer vi. 96 Heading..is one of the more important skills to teach because the risk of injury to the neck or face or to the knees when landing, is always a concern.

7. The action or practice of heading off a group of animals so as to stop them or guide them in a particular direction. Chiefly New Zealand and Australian, with reference to a heading dog (cf. heading dog n. at Compounds 3).

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the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dogs used for specific purposes > [noun] > that tends sheep or cattle

sheep-hounda1640

sheep-doga1774

heading1904

heading dog1913

heeler1928

handy dog1933

Entlebucher1937

1904 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 12 Mar. 23572 The real hunt, that is to say, the heading of the wild animals toward the kraal, usually lasts five or six months.

1933 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 28 Oct. 15/7 A dog goes round to the far side of a mob of sheep and stops them. This is called heading. Hence heading dog, one whose work this is.

1987 S. Lithgow Training & Working Dogs i. 10 Many people need to see cattle being worked with a heading dog for some time..before they are able to appreciate..the great importance of the heading ability in achieving ‘quiet confident cattle control’.

2007 T. Williams Working Sheep Dogs iv. 38 Driving is the opposite of heading, in that the dog works the sheep from behind them, instead of in front of them.

II. Concrete senses.

8. A bank or dam used to contain or hold back water, as part of a drainage scheme. Cf. head n.¹ 44a. Now historical and rare.

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the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water

stopping1575

pen1585

stop1585

water stop1585

stank1604

headinga1641

stanch1767

stop-back1790

penhead1805

keep1847

stanking1883

a1641 in S. Wells Hist. Drainage of Bedford Level (1830) II. 5 From Dovesdale Cloot unto Fleete Hevedings, called Willow Dike, and from Willow Dike unto Gedney Hevedings by the towne of Fleete.

1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens xlvii. 343/2 That the Heddings of the lands in Fytton croft be diked in bredth 8 foot, and in depth 4.

1747 G. East Acct. Bedford Level 5 For filling the Sides of Moor's Drain Bridge, and raising the Headings of the same.

1765 Act 5 Geo. III 11 The said Commissioners..are hereby fully impowered..to make..Tunnels, Outlets, Headings, [etc.].

1832 Holderness Drainage Act 13 Dams, mounds, headings, cloughs.

1984 J. Mossop & J. Elms Brief Hist. South Holland (Lincs.) Internal Drainage Board in www.ulma.org.uk (O.E.D. Archive) The inhabitants..built lateral banks known as headings to join their Fen bank to the Roman Bank.

9. The planking from which the heads of barrels, casks, etc., are made. Also as a count noun: the head itself; = head n.¹ 25.

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society > occupation and work > materials > types of material generally > [noun] > material for other specific purposes

screen cloth1603

wadding1627

heading1650

fusive1678

graving stuff1702

pounce1728

railing1740

retarder1753

seating1790

shelving1817

bending1823

shafting1825

wedging1825

rubber sheet1842

facing1843

piston packing1857

sheathing1859

screeding1864

paint1875

sleeving1923

landfill1969

presoak1969

1650 Act for Redempt. of Captives 61 Headings for Pipes, Hogsheads, or barrels, the hundred, containing six score.

1682 T. Amy Carolina 6 With this [cedar] they make Heading for their Cask.

1706 in Hist. Coll. Essex Inst. (1906) XLII. 249 Please to send 3000 of good white oke heading for rum hhd.

1774 J. Q. Adams Diary 17 Aug. in Wks. (1850) II. 344 They had vast forests, and could make their own heading, staves, and hoops.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Heading, pieces of wood suited for closing sugar hogsheads, and other casks.

1897 28th Ann. Rep. Fruit-growers' Assoc. Ont. 1896 53 In our general Canadian apple barrels the staves are too thin, the heading is too thin and the hoops too few.

1919 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 11 Oct. 228/1 The cooperage industry includes the manufacture of barrels, kegs, staves, heading, hoops, and other articles made of staves.

1993 M. G. Thomas & D. R. Schumann Income Opportunities in Special Forest Products xvi. 200 The product line also includes blocks of rough staves, circled heading, and sets of kiln-dried, jointed, and bent staves.

10.

a. A distinct or separable part forming the top, end, or front of something. Now rare in general sense.

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the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > upper part > top piece or part

overmosta1382

overesta1400

topple14..

uppermost1484

topgallant1581

upmost1589

crownwork1594

heading1665

battlement1667

crowning1692

crown piece1766

surmounting1812

crista1849

surmount1879

1665 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 82 [Masons] cutt footlanes & skenes for part of the heading of the wall of the bridge.

1674 W. Cunningham Diary 24 Aug. (1887) 3 His dews to the mill, being the 20 peck mill thicking, and mill stone heading.

1676 J. Moxon Regulæ Trium Ordinum 40 The Heading is made like the Heading of k.

1764 J. Waddington Acct. Bedford Level 47 2 new barrow sides, and heading.

1822 J. Fincham Direct. Laying off Ships 102 The cove, in a solid taffrail and open balcony, has the necking as much below the round-house transom as the heading of the lights is below the lower side of the other transoms.

1862 W. Anderson Sketch Mode of Manufacturing Gunpowder 271 A rocket..can be constructed in such variety as to carry to a greater distance a heading to discharge balls with far greater force and precision than a Shrapnell shell.

1870 F. R. Wilson Archit. Surv. Churches Lindisfarne 81 The east window has [a] low four-centred arched heading.

1923 Today's Housewife Aug. 8/1 A line of blue..is painted..along the top heading of the skirting board, and around the window frame.

b. The top or end part of a piece of cloth, item of clothing, curtain, etc.; (also) a border or edging.

ΚΠ

1763 tr. N. A. Pluche Spectacle de la Nature (ed. 3) VI. xi. 212 The Workman begins with making the heading of his Piece, and when it is time to make the Velveting appear, he keeps all the Threads of the Pile-warp raised.

1792 Lady's Mag. June 303/1 At the bottom, a flat silver fringe, with a heading of spangled lilac ribbon.

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1085/1 Heading, ..3. (Sewing) The extension of a line of ruffling above the line of stitch.

1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 251/1 Heading. A term used, sometimes instead of Footing, to distinguish the edge of the lace that is upon the side of the lace sewn to the dress from the edge that is left free.

1886 Queen 22 Jan. 114 Two curtains..with headings made in soft silk.

1925 J. Penderel-Brodhurst & E. J. Layton Gloss. Eng. Furnit. 123 The horizontal stiff curtains or valance hiding the rod, rings and headings of the hanging curtain decorating a door, window, bed, etc.

1994 E. L. Doctorow Waterworks 23 The brocade is white, with three flounces, quilled and tucked.., with headings of blond lace on top of each flounce.

c. An overlying or top layer, esp. one applied or laid as part of an industrial process. Now rare.With quot. 1846 cf. sense 12.

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the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [noun] > a coat or covering layer > top or superficial

facing1586

scarf-skin1669

heading1779

header1868

fronting1886

1779 Philos. Trans. 1778 (Royal Soc.) 68 115 Ooze is then poured on, to fill up interstices; and the whole crowned with a sprinkling of bark, which the tanners call a heading.

1836 L. Herbert Engineer's & Mechanic's Encycl. II. 61 The half-tanned hides..are put into larger pits, with alternate layers of ground bark..till the pit is filled, over which a heading of bark is also laid.

1846 J. E. Worcester Universal Dict. Eng. Lang. Heading..foam on liquor.

1873 Q. Rev. 135 143 The lignite is covered by a thick heading of sand [etc.].

1916 Engin. & Mining Jrnl. 18 Mar. 520/1 G shows a mine loaded with explosives underneath the enemy's trench, tamped with a thick heading of sandbags.

†d. The top part of a ridge; the highest portion of a heap or pile. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 i. 56 The middle or heading of the stetch would grow little.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Heading,..the top portion above the tub sides of the load carried.

11.

a. The title at the top of a page, chapter, paragraph, or other section or division of a text; (sometimes) spec. a headline. Cf. head n.¹ 32.chapter, live, page heading: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printed matter > arrangement or appearance of printed matter > [noun] > heading

head1560

lemma1616

heading1754

capitular1846

capitulary1846

caption1848

subtitle1907

society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [noun] > heading

superscriptiona1382

head1560

chief1605

supertitle1818

heading1849

1754 W. Weston Compl. Merchant's Clerk ii. 36 Mould Candles (the Quality) is expressed between two Lines, and the Boxes and Weight are separated by two oblique Ones under the Heading of Candles.

1849 J. H. Freese Commerc. Class-bk. 53 The Heading..should be written the whole width of the paper on which the account is to be made out.

1870 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (ed. 2) I. App. 667 This is the date given in the heading of one of the manuscripts.

1948 H. Missingham Student's Guide Commerc. Art ii. 80 Display faces..comprise the larger sizes of letters used for newspaper headlines, titlepages, and headings or displayed advertisements.

1987 PC Mag. Mar. 160/3 The only font available for headings is a fairly angular sans-serif typeface.

2010 M. White Beautiful Assassin 16 The article's heading read, ‘Soviet Hero Meets First Lady’.

b. A division of a subject, discourse, etc.; a category; a topic. Cf. head n.¹ 31.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > materials of topic > [noun] > of discourse > division of

contenu1477

content1509

head-place1559

section1576

topica1661

subhead1672

heading1861

1861 A. Trollope Orley Farm (1862) I. xxxii. 252 The woman Bolster is in the next room, and I..will take down the headings of what evidence she can give.

1899 H. G. Hutchinson Bk. Golf & Golfers 130 The principal maxims of his teaching were divided into several headings—the stance, the grip, the arm action, the turning of the body.

1916 M. Mann Subj. Headings 10 Legends..is a broader heading which can be made to include both character and place legends.

1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxxii. 600 These changes may be grouped under the two headings of Dissociation and Decomposition, according as they are reversible or not.

2011 P. Jepson et al. in R. J. Ladle & R. J. Whittaker Conservation Biogeogr. i. v. 95/2 We find it useful to split each of these two categories to recognize four broad headings.

12. Brewing. A substance used to produce or enhance the head on beer. Now usually attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > brewing > [noun] > substance added

heading?1790

multum1820

?1790 S. Child Every Man his own Brewer 7 The Heading, is a mixture of half allum, and half copperas ground to a fine powder.

1826 ‘A Practical Man’ Vintner's, Brewer's & Licensed Victualler's Guide 260 There is a heading for beer which is seldom allowed to be sent to the publican.

1902 Jrnl. Federated Inst. Brewing 8 616 The use of heading solutions affords eloquent evidence of the desire on the part of a brewer to obtain a beer that retains its head for a considerable time.

2003 C. Papazian Compl. Joy Homebrewing (ed. 3) 103 If you do use heading liquid, follow the instructions on the container.

13. Mining and Civil Engineering. A passage driven horizontally (cf. headway n. 2); spec. one for draining overlying ground.air, cross-, rise heading: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > underground passage or tunnel

crypt1583

burrow1615

gallery1630

syrinx1678

rock hole1738

cellarwaya1762

tunnel1765

heading1811

subpassage1822

subway1822

subway1831

underpass1904

society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > passage > horizontal

drift1653

sump1681

heading1811

driftway1843

drive1856

day drift1859

downdrift1868

header1872

1811 A. Rees Cycl. (1819) XVII Headings are small soughs or tunnels driven underground to collect and draw off the springs of water from any tunnel, deep cutting, or other large work.

1838 F. W. Simms Public Wks. Great Brit. 32 The heading must be carried through before any part of the main tunnel is commenced.

1878 F. S. Williams Midland Railway (ed. 4) 422 The bottom of the landslip..was drained by underground headings of great depth.

1926 Pop. Sci. Feb. 17/1 Then..I remembered that I had left my coat in the heading where we had been working.

1998 J. Sim & I. Cruickshank Constr. Risk Coastal Engin. viii. 306 The drainage headings which extend into the cliffs and drain the numerous slip planes that exist in the area.

2008 R. Rees Black Myst. 260 To prevent the explosive release of air from the heading, the rescuers closed off the narrow tunnel behind them with an airtight door.

14. U.S. regional (southern and south Midland). A pillow; something used as a pillow. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > bed > bedding > [noun] > pillow or bolster

pilloweOE

wangerc900

bolsterOE

pilliverOE

cod1392

transom1459

bed-head1483

hacoyte?1541

cod-pillow1569

tye1615

heading1847

weeping willow1880

1847 S. C. Reid Scouting Exped. McCulloch's Texas Rangers viii. 79 Our saddles served that night for heading, as the Texians call a pillow.

1853 ‘P. Paxton’ Stray Yankee in Texas ix. 92 A bed was prepared..being formed simply by laying down a succession of blankets and counterpanes, with anything and everything stuck under the end for ‘heading’.

1878 N. H. Bishop Voy. Paper Canoe 236 A roll of homespun for a pillow, which the women called ‘heading’.

1927 Dial. Notes 5 474 Heading, pillow. ‘Corncobs is all right in their place, but they shore make a mighty sorry headin'.’

1946 Proc. Amer. Dial. Soc. 6 17 Heading, pillow.

15. Mining. In plural. The purest ore obtained during a process of mechanical concentration. Contrasted with middling n.¹ 2e, tailing n.¹ 2b.

ΚΠ

1879 U.S. Patent 214,140 2/1 The different grades of ore may be readily separated or divided into headings, middlings, and tailings.

1921 E. F. Tregaskis Santa Claus' Message 5 During dry spells he sought old tailings and headings among the abandoned holes, and had them carted to the sluice boxes.

1996 Jrnl. Soc. Industr. Archeol. 22 42/1 The copper-rich headings were prepared for shipment.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. In sense 1, designating a tool or machine used for making or manipulating the head of an object, as heading jointer, heading planer, heading saw, heading tool, etc.See also heading knife n. 1, heading machine n. 1.

ΚΠ

1574 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (1882) (modernized text) III. 580/2 Carpenter's tools... 23 heading knives..4 heading bills.

1597 in E. R. Brinkworth & J. S. W. Gibson Banbury Wills & Inventories (1976) I. 142 A hand sae, a hedinge shisle & a gouge..a brod chissil.

1680 Inventory 9 Mar. in W. M. Sargent York Deeds (Maine) (1889) V. i. f. 2 A groueing & heading chissell.

1761 G. Washington & J. Askew Agreement 22 Oct. in G. Washington Papers (1990) Colonial Ser. VII. 94 Joiners Tools..five Heading Chissels, Seven Morticeing Chissels.

1790 T. Clifford Patent 4 Dec. in Repertory of Arts (1797) 7 378 The nail is to be put into a heading-tool.

1828 Sheffield Independent 23 Aug. 2/2 (advt.) Twenty capital Nail Flies, large Clasp Fly, two smaller Clasp Flies, twenty Heading Hammers, [etc.].

1862 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Morning Sentinel 14 July (advt.) Heading jointer, foot stave jointer, and equalizing machine.

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1085/1 Heading-circler (Coopering), a machine for cutting down and dressing the pieces to form the head of a cask.

1896 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 11 Aug. 807/1 In a heading-chipper, the combination of a pair of cutter-heads mounted one above the other.

1919 N. C. Brown Forest Products vi. 157 The machines commonly used in these small portable heading mills are a heading bolter, a heading saw, a heading jointer and doweler, a heading planer and a heading rounder.

1989 P. Rachleff Black Labor in Richmond, 1865–90 vii. 112 The ‘sawn’..staves were..finished with a mechanical heading planer.

2011 D. L. Hamilton & C. W. Smith in A. Catsambis et al. Oxf. Handbk. Maritme Archaeol. ii. xiii. 296 Continuing work revealed an array of carpentry tools: a cooper's heading saw, three drawknives, three adzes, [etc.].

b. In sense 2a, as heading axe, heading block, heading hill, heading man, †heading stead, heading sword, etc. Now rare (archaic and historical in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > place of

qualm-stoweOE

heading steadc1480

heading hill1755

death house1837

justice hill1843

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading > block

heading blockc1480

block1541

stock1639

head block1873

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading > sword or axe

swordc1384

axe1450

heading axec1480

heading swordc1480

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > other types of sword

heading sword1513

tonsword?1578

dancing rapier1594

fox1599

back-sword1611

acinaces1653

sahaguna1668

walking sword1677

diego1709

wakizashi1727

kleywang1783

pedang1817

sundang1852

tachi1948

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > one who beheads

header1440

righter1483

headsman?1562

headman1631

decapitator1820

heading man1825

decollator1843

obtruncatora1864

c1480 (a1400) St. Christopher 594 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 357 Christofore furth þan haf þai lede, furth one to þe heding stade.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. xiv. 46 So bryme and felloun with the heding ax.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. xiv. 30 Heding swerd, baith felloun, scherp and gair.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. D.iij There shoulde be no nede of..headdyng blockes for traitours.

1565 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1875) III. 195 His tua handit suord to be vsit for ane heiding suord.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. vii. 312/2 He beareth Gules, an Heading Block fixed between two Supporters, with an Axe placed therein, on the Sinister side a Maule, all proper.

1755 Young Waters xiv. 8 They hae taen to the heiding-hill His lady fair to see.

1825 in A. Cunningham Songs of Scotl. II. 187 Gae bid the heading-man make haste, The king said, stern and lordlie.

1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 120 Make sharp thy fearful heading sword.

2005 M. E. Owens Stages of Dismemberment ii. 43 Documents..record expenditures to a smith and a carpenter to make stocks, a pillory, manacles, a gibbet, a heading ax, and a heading block.

C2. General attributive and appositive (in sense 11a), as heading font, heading line, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > title > running title

running title1626

supertitle1818

heading line1825

running head1839

society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program > word processing > character effects

white space1888

right justification1962

superscripting1970

overstrike1977

heading font2004

1825 in J. Warren Coll. Mem. Var. Modes Errata p. ii In the heading line, for ‘given’, read ‘constant’.

1874 A. Tolhausen & L. Tolhausen Technol. Dict. (new ed.) (at cited word) Heading-line, head-margin, running title.

1892 Federal Reporter 48 631 With the exception of the omission of the heading words ‘combing wools’.., the language..is the same as is found in the prior acts.

1920 Machinery Nov. 218/2 The heading title should be placed at the top of the index card.

1982 Infoworld 17 May 41/1 If you remove the volume heading, you free up additional heading space, which allows you to have a longer heading.

2004 W. Leonhard Office 2003 Timesaving Techniques for Dummies xxv. 191/2 Choose a font and font size for a correspondence font and a heading font.

C3.

heading brick n. Bricklaying (now rare) = header brick n. at header n. Compounds.In quot. 1731: spec. a brick of this type which protrudes from a wall.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > specific stone or brick

hirne-stonec1000

parpen1252

coin1350

coin-stone1350

angler1365

parpal1369

corner-stonea1382

cunye1387

tuss1412

quoin1532

table stone1554

quoining1562

copestone1567

ground-stone1567

lock bandc1582

quinyie1588

perpender1611

whelmer1618

parpen stone1633

capstone1665

headera1684

through1683

quoin-stone1688

stretcher1693

closer1700

bed-stone1723

coping-brick1725

girder1726

footstone1728

heading brick1731

bossage1736

lewis-hole1740

shoulder1744

headstone1745

pawl1753

tail-bond1776

coping-stone1778

slocking-stone1778

throughband1794

through-stone1797

stretching-bond1805

core1823

keystone1823

tail-binder1828

stretching-stone1833

header brick1841

coign1843

pawl-stone1844

bay-stone1845

bonder1845

pillar-stone1854

bond-piece1862

stretcher-brick1867

toothing-stone1875

bond-stone1879

pierpoint1891

jumper1904

tush1905

padstone1944

1731 S. Switzer et al. Pract. Fruit-gardener (ed. 2) xlvii. 352 The spreading Fruit-Trees are planted in the Middle of the Lozenge or Diamond, and are guarded from Blights by the heading Bricks.

1837 Mag. Domest. Econ. Aug. 44 This bend is effected by laying the heading bricks of each course across the centre of the cells below them.

1915 T. G. Jackson Gothic Archit. in France, Eng., & Italy II. xxiv. 182 The church..has an elegant campanile with a brickwork spire formed..of heading bricks with rounded ends.

heading course n. Bricklaying a row or course of headers (header n. 5a).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with brick > [noun] > brickwork > types of disposition of bricks

heading course1659

skintle1850

1659 T. Willsford Architectonice 2 The length of 2 bricks or 18 inches for the heading course.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 297 Upon a good Foundation two Bricks or eighteen Inches thick for the heading course is sufficient for the Ground-work of any common Structure.

1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 116 The Parapets..must rest on a heading Course of cut Stone.

1888 C. F. Mitchell Building Constr. ii. 37 The heading course has closers placed in the usual manner.

1901 H. W. Richards Bricklaying & Brickcutting 83 Fig. 199 is a plan of the heading course of an architrave moulding.

2011 J. Durkin Brickwork & Blockwork xiii. 201 (caption) Set out heading course in order shown.

heading dog n. New Zealand and Australian a dog trained to head off sheep or cattle so as to stop them or guide them in a particular direction (cf. sense 7, head v. 19b, header n. 11).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dogs used for specific purposes > [noun] > that tends sheep or cattle

sheep-hounda1640

sheep-doga1774

heading1904

heading dog1913

heeler1928

handy dog1933

Entlebucher1937

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > [noun] > sheep herding > action of sheep-dog > sheep-dog

sheep-doga1774

header1903

heading dog1913

tripe-hound1923

1913 A. I. Carr Country Work & Life N.Z. xix. 33 A new hand, if he intends to qualify for the work [as a shepherd] is wise in investing in a good huntaway or a heading dog.

1947 P. Newton Wayleggo (1949) 13 The heading dog is bred to run out silently, cast round sheep, and bring them back to his master.

1972 P. Newton Sheep Thief v. 40 He told her of his successes on the dog trial grounds. His old huntaway, Sam, was his particular pride, and he also had high hopes for his little heading dog, Smoke.

2006 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 24 Mar. (Farming section) 10 A cross between the heading dog and the huntaway, it [sc. the handy dog]..is especially useful for finding sheep hiding in scrub.

heading joint n. Woodworking a joint between the ends of two boards made at right angles to the grain of the wood.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint

indenting1382

scarf1497

swallowtail1548

dovetail1565

mortise-piece1577

tenon and mortise1610

culver-tail1616

mortise and tenon1631

finger joint1657

breaking joint1663

meeting1663

mitre1665

scarfing1671

heading joint1773

dovetail-joint1776

butting joint1803

bevel-joint1823

lap-joint1823

lapped mitre1825

mitre dovetail1847

bridle joint1860

mortise1875

sypher-joint1875

keyed mitre1876

tongue-and-groove1882

saddle joint1948

1773 G. Lanphier Let. 16 Oct. in G. Washington Papers (1994) IX. 348 Getting plank the Length of the addition will not answer the Intended purpose of having no heading Joints in the Lower floors.

1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Heading Joint (Carpent.), the joint of two or more boards at right angles to the fibres.

1981 P. Brett Carpentry & Joinery for Building Craft Students I. iv. 85 Figure 156 shows a heading joint in mid length of a piece of skirting.

2002 P. Brett Bench Joinery vi. 214 A small circular saw may be used to cut the heading joints over the joists.

heading stone n. Bricklaying (now rare) a stone laid with its end showing in the face of a wall or other structure; cf. header n. 5a.

ΚΠ

1746 Eng. Traveller III. 185 St. James's-Square, which is an Area of at least four Acres, is neatly paved with Heading Stone all over.

1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. §981 a is the..heading stone; and b, the..stretching stone.

1936 T. Fyfe Hellenistic Archit. vi. 122 A fine wall of heading stones at Samaria was built by Perdiccas, and is therefore early Hellenistic.

C4. With following adverb, forming nouns of action corresponding to phrasal verbs (see head v. Phrasal verbs).

heading up n. the action or an act of to head up at head v. Phrasal verbs (in various senses).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [noun] > closing or shutting > closing an aperture

stopa1616

plugging1708

heading up1843

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > state of or advanced condition > highest point

prickOE

heighta1050

full1340

higha1398

pointc1400

roofa1500

top-castle1548

ruff1549

acmea1568

tip1567

noontide1578

high tide1579

superlative1583

summity1588

spring tide1593

meridian1594

period1595

apogee1600

punctilio1601

high-water mark1602

noon1609

zenith1610

auge1611

apex1624

culmination1633

cumble1640

culmen1646

climax1647

topc1650

cumulus1659

summit1661

perigeum1670

highest1688

consummation1698

stretch1741

high point1787

perihelion1804

summary1831

comble1832

heading up1857

climacteric1870

flashpoint1878

tip-end1885

peak1902

noontime1903

Omega point1981

the world > the earth > water > body of water > [noun] > accumulation of water behind barrier > forming a head

heading up1873

backing1884

1843 L. M. Child Lett. from N.Y. 229 This coopering and heading up of empty barrels.

1857 P. Freeman Princ. Div. Service II. 98 It was..the heading-up and the final effort of a form of thought, which..had for near a century past been gathering momentum.

1873 F. Robertson Engin. Notes 12 The heading up of the water.

1920 D. W. Mead Water Power Engin. viii. 187 If the velocity of the flow is partially checked or entirely destroyed, a heading-up of the water may result below the dam.

1995 T. J. Colton Moscow ii. 138 The heading up of each of the soviet's departments by a collegium..bred more confusion.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	heading
释义	headingn. Brit. /ˈhɛdɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈhɛdɪŋ/ Forms: Middle English hedyng, Middle English hadinge, Middle English hedynge, Middle English hefding, Middle English heueding, Middle English heuedyng, Middle English hevedinge, Middle English hevedynge, Middle English 1600s heveding, Middle English–1500s heding, 1500s headdyng, 1500s headyng, 1500s headynge, 1500s heddynge, 1500s hedinge, 1500s– heading, 1600s hedding, 1600s heviding; also Scottish pre-1700 heading, pre-1700 heding, pre-1700 heidding, pre-1700 heidin, pre-1700 heyding, pre-1700 1700s–1800s heiding, 1800s hehdin'. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: head v., -ing suffix¹; head n.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Partly (in branch I.) < head v. + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in branch II.) < head n.¹ + -ing suffix¹.With sense 4 compare earlier heading adj. With sense 7 and heading dog n. at Compounds 3 compare earlier header n. 11 and later head v. 19b. In sense 8, the 17th-cent. forms heveding and heviding occur in the sources of quots. a1641 and 1662 in paraphrases of 14th-cent. documents (not traced) and probably reflect Middle English forms. The form hedding occurs in the same source in paraphrases of 14th-, 16th-, and 17th-cent. documents; some of these may show elements of field names. It has been suggested that the sense in some of these cases might alternatively be that of headland n. 1; compare head n.¹ 39. With sense 13 compare earlier head n.¹ 45 and headway n. 2. I. The action of head v. 1. The action or practice of making, providing, or fitting a head for an arrow, nail, cask, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > making of other specific articles or materials > [noun] > others heading1390 saddleryc1449 stiling1509 wax-making?1544 pin-makinga1711 pipe-making1721 keeve-work1776 kelp-making1810 handrailing1814 kelping1822 pin-heading1835 blanket-making1857 safe making1867 stick dressing1891 1390–1 in L. T. Smith Exped. Prussia & Holy Land Earl Derby (1894) 22 Pro hedynge iiij doliorum pro floure imponendo. 1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 193 For hopyng and hedyng and settyng in of hedys of pypys and barells. 1515 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1903) V. 12 The dichting and heding of my lord governouris speris and pikkis. 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Enastadura, heading with iron. 1651 J. White Rich Cabinet sig. H5^v Now having primed your Rocket, you may proceed to the heading of it. 1792 W. M. Moseley Ess. Archery vi. 130 Latterly, iron has been in general use for the heading of Arrows. 1816 Niles' Weekly Reg. 18 May 188/2 There are three great stages in the operations..: 1. the cutting the iron for the nail; 2. the griping the nail; 3. the heading of the nail. 1857 F. Wayland Elem. Polit. Econ. (rev. ed.) 46 In pin-making, the straightening of the wire is one operation.., the heading of the pin is another. 1954 Riveting of Aluminium (Aluminium Federation Bull. 8) (1965) 25 Automatic operations are extended to the dishing or dimpling of the plate round the hole, the driving, and the final heading of the rivet. 1992 R. Samuel in L. R. Berlanstein Industr. Revol. & Work in 19th-cent. Europe i. ii. 38 Wright's pin machine of 1824..turned out to be so far from perfect that forty years later,..the ‘nobbing’ or heading of the pin had still very often to be done by hand. 2. a. The action of cutting off the head; beheading, decapitation, esp. as a punishment. Also: an instance of this. In later use frequently coupled with hanging. Now rare (archaic and historical in later use). ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading beheading?c1225 decollationa1387 headinga1400 fasces1641 decolling1648 decapitation1650 beheadal1859 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 22860 Men..wit hefding draght, or hanging spilt. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 113 Be þai [sc. serpentez] put after þe decollacioun i. heuedyng [L. decolationem] in alembic & be þer made water. a1450 St. Katherine (Richardson 44) (1884) 67 Thou madest in hire hedynge mylke to flowe out for blood. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxxvii. f. xiiii^v By heddynge, fleynge, brennynge, & other cruell Execucyons. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. v. 66 To be periured was headyng. 1603 J. Davies Extasie in Microcosmos 242 No Heading, Hanging, Burning, or the like, Shalt need to vse, ne with the Sword to strike. 1692 T. Wagstaffe Vindic. King Charles xv. 102 Their frequent Headings and Gibbettings. 1714 J. Anderson Def. Church-govt. Pref. p. iii The Rough Arguments of Heading, Hanging, and such like. 1832 C. W. Le Bas Life Wiclif x. 357 He relates..the hanging, embowelling, and heading, of Sir Thomas Blount. 1893 Athenæum 9 Sept. 346/1 Plots and rumours of plots, with their consequences of headings and hangings. 1904 H. B. Wheatley Story of London v. 127 The sheriffs maintained their ancient privileges of headings and hangings beyond the Tower walls. b. The action or an act of cutting off the top or head of a tree or plant, topping; the pruning of branches. Also with back, down. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > pruning or lopping shreddingc1000 putation?1440 snathing1485 loppingc1511 brushing1513 topping1513 twisting1535 pruning1548 heading1552 browsing1574 lop1575 disbranching1600 debranching1601 stocking1611 stowing1618 polling1626 supputation1656 summer pruning1669 snedding1720 shrouding1725 pollarding1794 thinning1800 brashing1950 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > removal or taking away > of the top part heading1552 scalping1871 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Headynge, or choppynge, or clyppynge of any thynge, truncatio. 1608 H. Plat Floraes Paradise Beautified 159 If you cut off the top or head of an Elme, it wil not leaue rotting downeward, till it be hollow; and doate within: but an Oake will abide heading, & not rot. 1614 G. Markham 2nd Bk. Eng. Husbandman ii. vi. 81 This lopping or heading of Trees, is the cutting off of the armes and vppermost branches of Trees, and suffering the body to grow still. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1708) i. 335 As 'tis a large tree you must avoid heading of them if you can. 1768 J. Gibson Fruit-gardener ii. xv. 163 The planter being now instructed in the manner of planting and heading down of wall-trees, it is proper I should give directions with regard to [etc.]. 1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 ii. 396 Heading-down, that is, removing all the branches to within a foot or two of the main forks or the stem of the tree. 1886 G. Nicholson Illustr. Dict. Gardening (at cited word) Heading-down will be requisite with fruit-trees which it is intended to graft. 1903 W. T. Macoun Plum Culture 41 There is a difference of opinion..in regard to the heading back of plum trees. 1924 Pop. Mech. Apr. 629/1 Fruit growers have debated the comparative value of high and low heading of trees, and the heavy and light-pruning methods. 2003 K. D. Cutler Pruning Trees, Shrubs & Vines 20 Since heading eliminates the terminal bud, it forces new growth close to the cut. †3. Hunting. With reference to a hunted (or occasionally hunting) animal: the action of changing direction suddenly and sharply while running; doubling. Also: an instance of this. Cf. head n.¹ 47. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > moving with sudden turns doubling1573 heading1607 redoubling1749 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 152 The nature of this Hare is, sometimes to leape and make headings, sometime to tread softly. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 135 Remembring and preuenting..the subtile turninges, and headinges, of the Hart. 1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting xxi. 278 The many chances that are against you in fox-hunting; the changing frequently; the heading of the foxes..make it necessary to keep always as near to the fox as you can. 1803 W. Taplin Sporting Dict. 509 When found, she cannot be permitted to go off too silently before the hounds; her own extreme timidity frequently occasions her heading, and the pack are as repeatedly liable to over-run the scent. 1853 T. De Quincey Autobiogr. Sketches in Select. Grave & Gay I. ii. 136 The chase lasted for 17 miles nominally; but, allowing for all the doublings and headings back of the dog, by computation for about 24. 4. With reference to a cabbage, broccoli, or other heading plant: the action or process of forming a head (head n.¹ 15). Also with out, up. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > head or heart > [noun] > head or top > forming a head heading1805 1805 A. Rees Cycl. (1819) V. at Brassica The true purple kind is superior both in size and perfectness of heading. 1847 D. Landreth Johnson's Dict. Mod. Gardening 281/2 Heading, or as it is also termed Cabbaging or Loaving, is an aptitude to unfold the central leaves, characterizing the various member of the cabbage tribe. 1873 Southern Cultivator Sept. 356/2 Nitrogenous manures rather hasten than retard the ‘heading out’. 1904 Plant World June 156 The cabbage..should be sprayed with Paris green after the heading-up has commenced. 1985 Insights Outstanding Farmers (Internat. Rice Res. Instit.) 25 When temperatures are low during heading, sterility percentage is greatly increased. 2007 G. R. Dixon Veg. Brassicas & Related Crucifers ii. 49 Two genes..or more are involved in heading. 5. a. Originally Nautical. The direction in which something (as a ship, aeroplane, compass, etc.) is pointing or moving, typically expressed relative to a compass point; a bearing. Frequently with on. Also figurative.compass heading: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [noun] > course or direction of movement runeeOE runningOE pathOE wayOE tracea1300 coursec1380 coursec1380 racec1390 recourse?c1425 situation1517 journey?a1560 track1565 roadway1600 career?1614 direction1665 by-run1674 sensea1679 meith1726 heading1841 society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > navigation of course of aircraft > [noun] > course course1905 flight path1911 heading1917 track1919 vector1941 1841 Ladies' Repository Aug. 235/2 The heading of the ship, and the hints of our pilot, George, assured us we should soon anchor in Paros. 1875 Rep. Secretary Navy (U.S. House of Representatives, 44th Congr. 1st Sess.) 66 Large deviations of the compass would have resulted, had the ship been swung upon different headings round the compass circle. 1884 Rep. Secretary Navy (48th U.S. Congr., 2nd Session) I. 538 The lights were intended to indicate the position and the heading of the torpedo. 1917 Terrestr. Magnetism & Atmospheric Electr. Mar. 52 These deviations..occur only when the aeroplane is turning... When the angle of tilt..exceeds the complement [of the magnetic dip], the compass will be completely reversed on an easterly heading. 1986 B. Lopez Arctic Dreams vi. 213 In a wide lead, small floes roll slowly off the wind to the right, on a heading of 30 [degrees] to it. 1999 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 25 Feb. a18 Serbia's future appeared to be on a different heading. 2007 Flying June 94/1 It was at roughly 1,800 feet while in a climbing turn right to an assigned southerly heading when things started to go very wrong. b. The action or an act of facing or moving in a specified direction. Also figurative with reference to progress over time. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > [noun] runeeOE coursec1290 draughta1325 careerc1534 addression1602 tendence1644 tendency1654 ducturea1674 traduction1675 headinga1855 a1855 R. Crowell Hist. Town of Essex 1634–1868 (1868) vii. 365 It was first understood by the heading of the boat up the river, that their destination was Port Hudson. 1888 Yale Lit. Mag. June 408 A powerful thinker..finds our wider and wider conquest of land, sea, air, space, time..but the heading of the boat up stream while the current carries it down to the oblivion of all on board. 1916 K. Munroe At War with Pontiac xvii. 124 Conversation was interrupted at this moment by the appearance of a beach suitable for a landing, and the heading of the boat toward it. 1994 B. Allen in T. Ingold Compan. Encycl. Anthropol. xviii. 518 The heading towards the future is simultaneously a regaining of the past. 2003 J. Mercenier & M. Mérette in R. Neck Modeling & Control of Econ. Syst. 2001 175 The heading of the baby boom generations towards retirement will rapidly increase the proportion of elderly in the population of many industrialized countries. 6. Association Football. The action or technique of striking a football with the head. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres footer1781 place-kick1845 place-kicking1845 punt1845 miskick1868 footwork1871 goal-kicking1871 shinning1873 punt kick1876 tackle1876 heading1887 dribble1889 throw-in1896 breakaway1906 right-footer1906 set piece1938 long ball1954 scissors kick1955 1887 Sporting Life (Philadelphia) 28 Mar. 4/5 Their kicking and heading being perfection. 1887 M. Shearman Athletics & Football (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 347 Heading is often quicker than ‘footing’ when the ball is high in the air. 1915 C. Kearton & J. Barnes Through Central Afr. vii. 93 I once saw some natives playing ‘soccer’... At scientific heading of the ball I have never seen their equal. 1998 J. T. Goncalves Princ. Brazilian Soccer vi. 96 Heading..is one of the more important skills to teach because the risk of injury to the neck or face or to the knees when landing, is always a concern. 7. The action or practice of heading off a group of animals so as to stop them or guide them in a particular direction. Chiefly New Zealand and Australian, with reference to a heading dog (cf. heading dog n. at Compounds 3). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dogs used for specific purposes > [noun] > that tends sheep or cattle sheep-hounda1640 sheep-doga1774 heading1904 heading dog1913 heeler1928 handy dog1933 Entlebucher1937 1904 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 12 Mar. 23572 The real hunt, that is to say, the heading of the wild animals toward the kraal, usually lasts five or six months. 1933 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 28 Oct. 15/7 A dog goes round to the far side of a mob of sheep and stops them. This is called heading. Hence heading dog, one whose work this is. 1987 S. Lithgow Training & Working Dogs i. 10 Many people need to see cattle being worked with a heading dog for some time..before they are able to appreciate..the great importance of the heading ability in achieving ‘quiet confident cattle control’. 2007 T. Williams Working Sheep Dogs iv. 38 Driving is the opposite of heading, in that the dog works the sheep from behind them, instead of in front of them. II. Concrete senses. 8. A bank or dam used to contain or hold back water, as part of a drainage scheme. Cf. head n.¹ 44a. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water stopping1575 pen1585 stop1585 water stop1585 stank1604 headinga1641 stanch1767 stop-back1790 penhead1805 keep1847 stanking1883 a1641 in S. Wells Hist. Drainage of Bedford Level (1830) II. 5 From Dovesdale Cloot unto Fleete Hevedings, called Willow Dike, and from Willow Dike unto Gedney Hevedings by the towne of Fleete. 1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens xlvii. 343/2 That the Heddings of the lands in Fytton croft be diked in bredth 8 foot, and in depth 4. 1747 G. East Acct. Bedford Level 5 For filling the Sides of Moor's Drain Bridge, and raising the Headings of the same. 1765 Act 5 Geo. III 11 The said Commissioners..are hereby fully impowered..to make..Tunnels, Outlets, Headings, [etc.]. 1832 Holderness Drainage Act 13 Dams, mounds, headings, cloughs. 1984 J. Mossop & J. Elms Brief Hist. South Holland (Lincs.) Internal Drainage Board in www.ulma.org.uk (O.E.D. Archive) The inhabitants..built lateral banks known as headings to join their Fen bank to the Roman Bank. 9. The planking from which the heads of barrels, casks, etc., are made. Also as a count noun: the head itself; = head n.¹ 25. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > types of material generally > [noun] > material for other specific purposes screen cloth1603 wadding1627 heading1650 fusive1678 graving stuff1702 pounce1728 railing1740 retarder1753 seating1790 shelving1817 bending1823 shafting1825 wedging1825 rubber sheet1842 facing1843 piston packing1857 sheathing1859 screeding1864 paint1875 sleeving1923 landfill1969 presoak1969 1650 Act for Redempt. of Captives 61 Headings for Pipes, Hogsheads, or barrels, the hundred, containing six score. 1682 T. Amy Carolina 6 With this [cedar] they make Heading for their Cask. 1706 in Hist. Coll. Essex Inst. (1906) XLII. 249 Please to send 3000 of good white oke heading for rum hhd. 1774 J. Q. Adams Diary 17 Aug. in Wks. (1850) II. 344 They had vast forests, and could make their own heading, staves, and hoops. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Heading, pieces of wood suited for closing sugar hogsheads, and other casks. 1897 28th Ann. Rep. Fruit-growers' Assoc. Ont. 1896 53 In our general Canadian apple barrels the staves are too thin, the heading is too thin and the hoops too few. 1919 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 11 Oct. 228/1 The cooperage industry includes the manufacture of barrels, kegs, staves, heading, hoops, and other articles made of staves. 1993 M. G. Thomas & D. R. Schumann Income Opportunities in Special Forest Products xvi. 200 The product line also includes blocks of rough staves, circled heading, and sets of kiln-dried, jointed, and bent staves. 10. a. A distinct or separable part forming the top, end, or front of something. Now rare in general sense. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > upper part > top piece or part overmosta1382 overesta1400 topple14.. uppermost1484 topgallant1581 upmost1589 crownwork1594 heading1665 battlement1667 crowning1692 crown piece1766 surmounting1812 crista1849 surmount1879 1665 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 82 [Masons] cutt footlanes & skenes for part of the heading of the wall of the bridge. 1674 W. Cunningham Diary 24 Aug. (1887) 3 His dews to the mill, being the 20 peck mill thicking, and mill stone heading. 1676 J. Moxon Regulæ Trium Ordinum 40 The Heading is made like the Heading of k. 1764 J. Waddington Acct. Bedford Level 47 2 new barrow sides, and heading. 1822 J. Fincham Direct. Laying off Ships 102 The cove, in a solid taffrail and open balcony, has the necking as much below the round-house transom as the heading of the lights is below the lower side of the other transoms. 1862 W. Anderson Sketch Mode of Manufacturing Gunpowder 271 A rocket..can be constructed in such variety as to carry to a greater distance a heading to discharge balls with far greater force and precision than a Shrapnell shell. 1870 F. R. Wilson Archit. Surv. Churches Lindisfarne 81 The east window has [a] low four-centred arched heading. 1923 Today's Housewife Aug. 8/1 A line of blue..is painted..along the top heading of the skirting board, and around the window frame. b. The top or end part of a piece of cloth, item of clothing, curtain, etc.; (also) a border or edging. ΚΠ 1763 tr. N. A. Pluche Spectacle de la Nature (ed. 3) VI. xi. 212 The Workman begins with making the heading of his Piece, and when it is time to make the Velveting appear, he keeps all the Threads of the Pile-warp raised. 1792 Lady's Mag. June 303/1 At the bottom, a flat silver fringe, with a heading of spangled lilac ribbon. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1085/1 Heading, ..3. (Sewing) The extension of a line of ruffling above the line of stitch. 1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 251/1 Heading. A term used, sometimes instead of Footing, to distinguish the edge of the lace that is upon the side of the lace sewn to the dress from the edge that is left free. 1886 Queen 22 Jan. 114 Two curtains..with headings made in soft silk. 1925 J. Penderel-Brodhurst & E. J. Layton Gloss. Eng. Furnit. 123 The horizontal stiff curtains or valance hiding the rod, rings and headings of the hanging curtain decorating a door, window, bed, etc. 1994 E. L. Doctorow Waterworks 23 The brocade is white, with three flounces, quilled and tucked.., with headings of blond lace on top of each flounce. c. An overlying or top layer, esp. one applied or laid as part of an industrial process. Now rare.With quot. 1846 cf. sense 12. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [noun] > a coat or covering layer > top or superficial facing1586 scarf-skin1669 heading1779 header1868 fronting1886 1779 Philos. Trans. 1778 (Royal Soc.) 68 115 Ooze is then poured on, to fill up interstices; and the whole crowned with a sprinkling of bark, which the tanners call a heading. 1836 L. Herbert Engineer's & Mechanic's Encycl. II. 61 The half-tanned hides..are put into larger pits, with alternate layers of ground bark..till the pit is filled, over which a heading of bark is also laid. 1846 J. E. Worcester Universal Dict. Eng. Lang. Heading..foam on liquor. 1873 Q. Rev. 135 143 The lignite is covered by a thick heading of sand [etc.]. 1916 Engin. & Mining Jrnl. 18 Mar. 520/1 G shows a mine loaded with explosives underneath the enemy's trench, tamped with a thick heading of sandbags. †d. The top part of a ridge; the highest portion of a heap or pile. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 i. 56 The middle or heading of the stetch would grow little. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Heading,..the top portion above the tub sides of the load carried. 11. a. The title at the top of a page, chapter, paragraph, or other section or division of a text; (sometimes) spec. a headline. Cf. head n.¹ 32.chapter, live, page heading: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printed matter > arrangement or appearance of printed matter > [noun] > heading head1560 lemma1616 heading1754 capitular1846 capitulary1846 caption1848 subtitle1907 society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [noun] > heading superscriptiona1382 head1560 chief1605 supertitle1818 heading1849 1754 W. Weston Compl. Merchant's Clerk ii. 36 Mould Candles (the Quality) is expressed between two Lines, and the Boxes and Weight are separated by two oblique Ones under the Heading of Candles. 1849 J. H. Freese Commerc. Class-bk. 53 The Heading..should be written the whole width of the paper on which the account is to be made out. 1870 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (ed. 2) I. App. 667 This is the date given in the heading of one of the manuscripts. 1948 H. Missingham Student's Guide Commerc. Art ii. 80 Display faces..comprise the larger sizes of letters used for newspaper headlines, titlepages, and headings or displayed advertisements. 1987 PC Mag. Mar. 160/3 The only font available for headings is a fairly angular sans-serif typeface. 2010 M. White Beautiful Assassin 16 The article's heading read, ‘Soviet Hero Meets First Lady’. b. A division of a subject, discourse, etc.; a category; a topic. Cf. head n.¹ 31. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > materials of topic > [noun] > of discourse > division of contenu1477 content1509 head-place1559 section1576 topica1661 subhead1672 heading1861 1861 A. Trollope Orley Farm (1862) I. xxxii. 252 The woman Bolster is in the next room, and I..will take down the headings of what evidence she can give. 1899 H. G. Hutchinson Bk. Golf & Golfers 130 The principal maxims of his teaching were divided into several headings—the stance, the grip, the arm action, the turning of the body. 1916 M. Mann Subj. Headings 10 Legends..is a broader heading which can be made to include both character and place legends. 1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxxii. 600 These changes may be grouped under the two headings of Dissociation and Decomposition, according as they are reversible or not. 2011 P. Jepson et al. in R. J. Ladle & R. J. Whittaker Conservation Biogeogr. i. v. 95/2 We find it useful to split each of these two categories to recognize four broad headings. 12. Brewing. A substance used to produce or enhance the head on beer. Now usually attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > brewing > [noun] > substance added heading?1790 multum1820 ?1790 S. Child Every Man his own Brewer 7 The Heading, is a mixture of half allum, and half copperas ground to a fine powder. 1826 ‘A Practical Man’ Vintner's, Brewer's & Licensed Victualler's Guide 260 There is a heading for beer which is seldom allowed to be sent to the publican. 1902 Jrnl. Federated Inst. Brewing 8 616 The use of heading solutions affords eloquent evidence of the desire on the part of a brewer to obtain a beer that retains its head for a considerable time. 2003 C. Papazian Compl. Joy Homebrewing (ed. 3) 103 If you do use heading liquid, follow the instructions on the container. 13. Mining and Civil Engineering. A passage driven horizontally (cf. headway n. 2); spec. one for draining overlying ground.air, cross-, rise heading: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > underground passage or tunnel crypt1583 burrow1615 gallery1630 syrinx1678 rock hole1738 cellarwaya1762 tunnel1765 heading1811 subpassage1822 subway1822 subway1831 underpass1904 society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > passage > horizontal drift1653 sump1681 heading1811 driftway1843 drive1856 day drift1859 downdrift1868 header1872 1811 A. Rees Cycl. (1819) XVII Headings are small soughs or tunnels driven underground to collect and draw off the springs of water from any tunnel, deep cutting, or other large work. 1838 F. W. Simms Public Wks. Great Brit. 32 The heading must be carried through before any part of the main tunnel is commenced. 1878 F. S. Williams Midland Railway (ed. 4) 422 The bottom of the landslip..was drained by underground headings of great depth. 1926 Pop. Sci. Feb. 17/1 Then..I remembered that I had left my coat in the heading where we had been working. 1998 J. Sim & I. Cruickshank Constr. Risk Coastal Engin. viii. 306 The drainage headings which extend into the cliffs and drain the numerous slip planes that exist in the area. 2008 R. Rees Black Myst. 260 To prevent the explosive release of air from the heading, the rescuers closed off the narrow tunnel behind them with an airtight door. 14. U.S. regional (southern and south Midland). A pillow; something used as a pillow. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > bed > bedding > [noun] > pillow or bolster pilloweOE wangerc900 bolsterOE pilliverOE cod1392 transom1459 bed-head1483 hacoyte?1541 cod-pillow1569 tye1615 heading1847 weeping willow1880 1847 S. C. Reid Scouting Exped. McCulloch's Texas Rangers viii. 79 Our saddles served that night for heading, as the Texians call a pillow. 1853 ‘P. Paxton’ Stray Yankee in Texas ix. 92 A bed was prepared..being formed simply by laying down a succession of blankets and counterpanes, with anything and everything stuck under the end for ‘heading’. 1878 N. H. Bishop Voy. Paper Canoe 236 A roll of homespun for a pillow, which the women called ‘heading’. 1927 Dial. Notes 5 474 Heading, pillow. ‘Corncobs is all right in their place, but they shore make a mighty sorry headin'.’ 1946 Proc. Amer. Dial. Soc. 6 17 Heading, pillow. 15. Mining. In plural. The purest ore obtained during a process of mechanical concentration. Contrasted with middling n.¹ 2e, tailing n.¹ 2b. ΚΠ 1879 U.S. Patent 214,140 2/1 The different grades of ore may be readily separated or divided into headings, middlings, and tailings. 1921 E. F. Tregaskis Santa Claus' Message 5 During dry spells he sought old tailings and headings among the abandoned holes, and had them carted to the sluice boxes. 1996 Jrnl. Soc. Industr. Archeol. 22 42/1 The copper-rich headings were prepared for shipment. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. In sense 1, designating a tool or machine used for making or manipulating the head of an object, as heading jointer, heading planer, heading saw, heading tool, etc.See also heading knife n. 1, heading machine n. 1. ΚΠ 1574 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (1882) (modernized text) III. 580/2 Carpenter's tools... 23 heading knives..4 heading bills. 1597 in E. R. Brinkworth & J. S. W. Gibson Banbury Wills & Inventories (1976) I. 142 A hand sae, a hedinge shisle & a gouge..a brod chissil. 1680 Inventory 9 Mar. in W. M. Sargent York Deeds (Maine) (1889) V. i. f. 2 A groueing & heading chissell. 1761 G. Washington & J. Askew Agreement 22 Oct. in G. Washington Papers (1990) Colonial Ser. VII. 94 Joiners Tools..five Heading Chissels, Seven Morticeing Chissels. 1790 T. Clifford Patent 4 Dec. in Repertory of Arts (1797) 7 378 The nail is to be put into a heading-tool. 1828 Sheffield Independent 23 Aug. 2/2 (advt.) Twenty capital Nail Flies, large Clasp Fly, two smaller Clasp Flies, twenty Heading Hammers, [etc.]. 1862 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Morning Sentinel 14 July (advt.) Heading jointer, foot stave jointer, and equalizing machine. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1085/1 Heading-circler (Coopering), a machine for cutting down and dressing the pieces to form the head of a cask. 1896 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 11 Aug. 807/1 In a heading-chipper, the combination of a pair of cutter-heads mounted one above the other. 1919 N. C. Brown Forest Products vi. 157 The machines commonly used in these small portable heading mills are a heading bolter, a heading saw, a heading jointer and doweler, a heading planer and a heading rounder. 1989 P. Rachleff Black Labor in Richmond, 1865–90 vii. 112 The ‘sawn’..staves were..finished with a mechanical heading planer. 2011 D. L. Hamilton & C. W. Smith in A. Catsambis et al. Oxf. Handbk. Maritme Archaeol. ii. xiii. 296 Continuing work revealed an array of carpentry tools: a cooper's heading saw, three drawknives, three adzes, [etc.]. b. In sense 2a, as heading axe, heading block, heading hill, heading man, †heading stead, heading sword, etc. Now rare (archaic and historical in later use). ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > place of qualm-stoweOE heading steadc1480 heading hill1755 death house1837 justice hill1843 society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading > block heading blockc1480 block1541 stock1639 head block1873 society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading > sword or axe swordc1384 axe1450 heading axec1480 heading swordc1480 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > other types of sword heading sword1513 tonsword?1578 dancing rapier1594 fox1599 back-sword1611 acinaces1653 sahaguna1668 walking sword1677 diego1709 wakizashi1727 kleywang1783 pedang1817 sundang1852 tachi1948 society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > one who beheads header1440 righter1483 headsman?1562 headman1631 decapitator1820 heading man1825 decollator1843 obtruncatora1864 c1480 (a1400) St. Christopher 594 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 357 Christofore furth þan haf þai lede, furth one to þe heding stade. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. xiv. 46 So bryme and felloun with the heding ax. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. xiv. 30 Heding swerd, baith felloun, scherp and gair. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. D.iij There shoulde be no nede of..headdyng blockes for traitours. 1565 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1875) III. 195 His tua handit suord to be vsit for ane heiding suord. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. vii. 312/2 He beareth Gules, an Heading Block fixed between two Supporters, with an Axe placed therein, on the Sinister side a Maule, all proper. 1755 Young Waters xiv. 8 They hae taen to the heiding-hill His lady fair to see. 1825 in A. Cunningham Songs of Scotl. II. 187 Gae bid the heading-man make haste, The king said, stern and lordlie. 1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 120 Make sharp thy fearful heading sword. 2005 M. E. Owens Stages of Dismemberment ii. 43 Documents..record expenditures to a smith and a carpenter to make stocks, a pillory, manacles, a gibbet, a heading ax, and a heading block. C2. General attributive and appositive (in sense 11a), as heading font, heading line, etc. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > title > running title running title1626 supertitle1818 heading line1825 running head1839 society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program > word processing > character effects white space1888 right justification1962 superscripting1970 overstrike1977 heading font2004 1825 in J. Warren Coll. Mem. Var. Modes Errata p. ii In the heading line, for ‘given’, read ‘constant’. 1874 A. Tolhausen & L. Tolhausen Technol. Dict. (new ed.) (at cited word) Heading-line, head-margin, running title. 1892 Federal Reporter 48 631 With the exception of the omission of the heading words ‘combing wools’.., the language..is the same as is found in the prior acts. 1920 Machinery Nov. 218/2 The heading title should be placed at the top of the index card. 1982 Infoworld 17 May 41/1 If you remove the volume heading, you free up additional heading space, which allows you to have a longer heading. 2004 W. Leonhard Office 2003 Timesaving Techniques for Dummies xxv. 191/2 Choose a font and font size for a correspondence font and a heading font. C3. heading brick n. Bricklaying (now rare) = header brick n. at header n. Compounds.In quot. 1731: spec. a brick of this type which protrudes from a wall. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > specific stone or brick hirne-stonec1000 parpen1252 coin1350 coin-stone1350 angler1365 parpal1369 corner-stonea1382 cunye1387 tuss1412 quoin1532 table stone1554 quoining1562 copestone1567 ground-stone1567 lock bandc1582 quinyie1588 perpender1611 whelmer1618 parpen stone1633 capstone1665 headera1684 through1683 quoin-stone1688 stretcher1693 closer1700 bed-stone1723 coping-brick1725 girder1726 footstone1728 heading brick1731 bossage1736 lewis-hole1740 shoulder1744 headstone1745 pawl1753 tail-bond1776 coping-stone1778 slocking-stone1778 throughband1794 through-stone1797 stretching-bond1805 core1823 keystone1823 tail-binder1828 stretching-stone1833 header brick1841 coign1843 pawl-stone1844 bay-stone1845 bonder1845 pillar-stone1854 bond-piece1862 stretcher-brick1867 toothing-stone1875 bond-stone1879 pierpoint1891 jumper1904 tush1905 padstone1944 1731 S. Switzer et al. Pract. Fruit-gardener (ed. 2) xlvii. 352 The spreading Fruit-Trees are planted in the Middle of the Lozenge or Diamond, and are guarded from Blights by the heading Bricks. 1837 Mag. Domest. Econ. Aug. 44 This bend is effected by laying the heading bricks of each course across the centre of the cells below them. 1915 T. G. Jackson Gothic Archit. in France, Eng., & Italy II. xxiv. 182 The church..has an elegant campanile with a brickwork spire formed..of heading bricks with rounded ends. heading course n. Bricklaying a row or course of headers (header n. 5a). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with brick > [noun] > brickwork > types of disposition of bricks heading course1659 skintle1850 1659 T. Willsford Architectonice 2 The length of 2 bricks or 18 inches for the heading course. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 297 Upon a good Foundation two Bricks or eighteen Inches thick for the heading course is sufficient for the Ground-work of any common Structure. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 116 The Parapets..must rest on a heading Course of cut Stone. 1888 C. F. Mitchell Building Constr. ii. 37 The heading course has closers placed in the usual manner. 1901 H. W. Richards Bricklaying & Brickcutting 83 Fig. 199 is a plan of the heading course of an architrave moulding. 2011 J. Durkin Brickwork & Blockwork xiii. 201 (caption) Set out heading course in order shown. heading dog n. New Zealand and Australian a dog trained to head off sheep or cattle so as to stop them or guide them in a particular direction (cf. sense 7, head v. 19b, header n. 11). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dogs used for specific purposes > [noun] > that tends sheep or cattle sheep-hounda1640 sheep-doga1774 heading1904 heading dog1913 heeler1928 handy dog1933 Entlebucher1937 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > [noun] > sheep herding > action of sheep-dog > sheep-dog sheep-doga1774 header1903 heading dog1913 tripe-hound1923 1913 A. I. Carr Country Work & Life N.Z. xix. 33 A new hand, if he intends to qualify for the work [as a shepherd] is wise in investing in a good huntaway or a heading dog. 1947 P. Newton Wayleggo (1949) 13 The heading dog is bred to run out silently, cast round sheep, and bring them back to his master. 1972 P. Newton Sheep Thief v. 40 He told her of his successes on the dog trial grounds. His old huntaway, Sam, was his particular pride, and he also had high hopes for his little heading dog, Smoke. 2006 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 24 Mar. (Farming section) 10 A cross between the heading dog and the huntaway, it [sc. the handy dog]..is especially useful for finding sheep hiding in scrub. heading joint n. Woodworking a joint between the ends of two boards made at right angles to the grain of the wood. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint indenting1382 scarf1497 swallowtail1548 dovetail1565 mortise-piece1577 tenon and mortise1610 culver-tail1616 mortise and tenon1631 finger joint1657 breaking joint1663 meeting1663 mitre1665 scarfing1671 heading joint1773 dovetail-joint1776 butting joint1803 bevel-joint1823 lap-joint1823 lapped mitre1825 mitre dovetail1847 bridle joint1860 mortise1875 sypher-joint1875 keyed mitre1876 tongue-and-groove1882 saddle joint1948 1773 G. Lanphier Let. 16 Oct. in G. Washington Papers (1994) IX. 348 Getting plank the Length of the addition will not answer the Intended purpose of having no heading Joints in the Lower floors. 1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Heading Joint (Carpent.), the joint of two or more boards at right angles to the fibres. 1981 P. Brett Carpentry & Joinery for Building Craft Students I. iv. 85 Figure 156 shows a heading joint in mid length of a piece of skirting. 2002 P. Brett Bench Joinery vi. 214 A small circular saw may be used to cut the heading joints over the joists. heading stone n. Bricklaying (now rare) a stone laid with its end showing in the face of a wall or other structure; cf. header n. 5a. ΚΠ 1746 Eng. Traveller III. 185 St. James's-Square, which is an Area of at least four Acres, is neatly paved with Heading Stone all over. 1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. §981 a is the..heading stone; and b, the..stretching stone. 1936 T. Fyfe Hellenistic Archit. vi. 122 A fine wall of heading stones at Samaria was built by Perdiccas, and is therefore early Hellenistic. C4. With following adverb, forming nouns of action corresponding to phrasal verbs (see head v. Phrasal verbs). heading up n. the action or an act of to head up at head v. Phrasal verbs (in various senses). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [noun] > closing or shutting > closing an aperture stopa1616 plugging1708 heading up1843 the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > state of or advanced condition > highest point prickOE heighta1050 full1340 higha1398 pointc1400 roofa1500 top-castle1548 ruff1549 acmea1568 tip1567 noontide1578 high tide1579 superlative1583 summity1588 spring tide1593 meridian1594 period1595 apogee1600 punctilio1601 high-water mark1602 noon1609 zenith1610 auge1611 apex1624 culmination1633 cumble1640 culmen1646 climax1647 topc1650 cumulus1659 summit1661 perigeum1670 highest1688 consummation1698 stretch1741 high point1787 perihelion1804 summary1831 comble1832 heading up1857 climacteric1870 flashpoint1878 tip-end1885 peak1902 noontime1903 Omega point1981 the world > the earth > water > body of water > [noun] > accumulation of water behind barrier > forming a head heading up1873 backing1884 1843 L. M. Child Lett. from N.Y. 229 This coopering and heading up of empty barrels. 1857 P. Freeman Princ. Div. Service II. 98 It was..the heading-up and the final effort of a form of thought, which..had for near a century past been gathering momentum. 1873 F. Robertson Engin. Notes 12 The heading up of the water. 1920 D. W. Mead Water Power Engin. viii. 187 If the velocity of the flow is partially checked or entirely destroyed, a heading-up of the water may result below the dam. 1995 T. J. Colton Moscow ii. 138 The heading up of each of the soviet's departments by a collegium..bred more confusion. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022). headingadj. Brit. /ˈhɛdɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈhɛdɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: head v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < head v. + -ing suffix². Compare scientific Latin capitata (in Brassica capitata (compare quot. 1778), former botanical name of the cultivated head-forming cabbage, later used as a varietal name and cultivar group name), specific use of feminine of classical Latin capitātus having or forming a head (see capitate adj.). Compare earlier headed adj. 3 and capitate adj. Of a cabbage, broccoli, or other plant: that forms or is forming a head (head n.¹ 15). ΚΠ 1778 J. Abercrombie Universal Gardener & Botanist at Brassica Brassica Capitata, common Heading Cabbage, including a large train of varieties. 1825 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. v. 459 The sheaves are set on end in pairs..and covered..by what are called heading sheaves. 1859 A. Watson Amer. Home Garden v. 69 All swelling, fleshy rooting or heading vegetables originally threw downward a single hard, wiry root. 1919 U. P. Hedrick Sturtevant's Notes on Edible Plants 111 The first and third kind of Switzer..are doubtless the heading broccoli, while the second is probably the sprouting form. 1989 N. A. M. Eskin Quality & Preserv. Veg. 266 Heading cabbages were not mentioned in the literature until the 13th century. 2007 K. Polok Molecular Evol. Genus Lolium L. iii. 52 The demand for improvements through breeding programmes..has resulted in..greater number of heading plants in the 1st year. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1390adj.1778
随便看	pituitas pituitose pituitous pituitousness pituitrin pituosity pituous pituousish pituri piturine pituris pitwell pitwoman pitwood pitworker pity pity is pity it is pity party pity-begging pity-moving pity-pleading pity-proffered pity-proof pitybegging

headingn.

Compounds

headingadj.