headboroughn.

Brit.

/ˈhɛdb(ə)rə/, U.S.

/ˈhɛdb(ə)rə/

Forms:

α. Middle English hedborwe, Middle English heedborow, Middle English heedborwe, Middle English hefdborwe, 1500s hedborow, 1500s hedborowe, 1500s hedeborowe, 1500s–1600s headborow, 1500s–1600s headborowe, 1600s headburrowe, 1700s headborrow.

β. Middle English hedborgh, Middle English heedbroth, Middle English–1500s hedborough, 1500s hedborowghe, 1500s–1600s headboroughe, 1500s– headborough, 1600s headburrough, 1700s headbourg.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: head n.¹, borrow n.

Etymology: < head n.¹ + borrow n. In β. forms partly reflecting reinterpretation of the second element as borough n. (compare discussion at borrow n. 3). Compare earlier frithborh-head n. at frithborh n. Additions, and later borrow-head n.¹

Now historical.

1. In Anglo-Saxon and later medieval England: the chief member of a tithing or borrow (borrow n. 3) in a system of frank-pledge (frank-pledge n.). Later: a parish officer having the same role and function as a petty constable. Cf. borrow-head n.¹, borsholder n., tithingman n.¹Recorded earliest in attributive use.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > parish official > [noun] > tithingman or headborough

tithingmanlOE

frithborh-headc1200

headborough1375

thirdborough?c1475

frank-pledgec1503

borsholder1536

borrow-head1581

decurion1591

decener1607

chief-pledge1630

dean1647

1375 Inquisition Post Mortem (P.R.O.: C 135/244/1) m. 8 Vnum toftum cum quodam crofto..voc. le heuedisfe &..tenentur de domino Rege in capite per servicium militare & xij.d. per annum de hefdborwesiluere.

c1425 in Norfolk Archaeol. (1864) 6 229 Syrs, ȝe shal duweli leie þis lete þat þe heedborwis han presentid and truli..affeeren it aftir her presentement.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 231 Heed borow [a1500 King's Cambr. hedborwe], plegius capitalis.

?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.vj^v Constables, hede borowes, and katers.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. i. 10 I must go fetch the Head-borough. Beg. Third, or fourth, or fift Borough, Ile answere him by Law.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 228 Oh! yee Headburrowes, and Officers of Townes, let this truth of God convince yee.

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 274 There died six and forty Constables and Headboroughs.

1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 389 The officers stand thus; 6 church-wardens..3 headboroughs.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xi. 11 The Whig theory is..that the right of a king is divine in no other sense than that in which the right of a..judge, of a juryman, of a mayor, of a headborough, is divine.

1862 J. A. Erredge Hist. Brighthelmston v. 22 Under the Saxon constitution, Brighton had two headboroughs.

1927 Times 18 July 17/5 The parish authorities are the churchwardens and the overseers, with the constable and the headborough under them.

2009 C. Emsley Great Brit. Bobby i. 18 William Payne..was selected headborough..of the Rolls Liberty, a civil parish of Westminster.

†2. In extended use, with reference to countries other than Britain: an official likened to, or having a similar role or function to, a headborough (sense 1). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. iv. sig. C.vi The sencence is brought to the headborough [L. praefectum] of the Citie (whom we call the Mayour) and they Licomegia.

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. King Richard II in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 152 Two other headboroughs, one of Dantzik, and the other of Elburg.

1648 Moderate Intelligencer No. 184. 1562 He was conducted by 150 Simboyacrecken, or Courtiers..and with 100 Starissen or Headboroughs.

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. I. 81 The civil government in the cities and great towns [of Denmark] is lodged in a Burgomaster and council; but in smaller towns in the Byevogt or king's Headborough.

1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain III. xii. 221 I was visited by various alguazils, accompanied by a kind of headborough, who made a small seizure of Testaments and Gypsy Gospels.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	headborough
释义	headboroughn. Brit. /ˈhɛdb(ə)rə/, U.S. /ˈhɛdb(ə)rə/ Forms: α. Middle English hedborwe, Middle English heedborow, Middle English heedborwe, Middle English hefdborwe, 1500s hedborow, 1500s hedborowe, 1500s hedeborowe, 1500s–1600s headborow, 1500s–1600s headborowe, 1600s headburrowe, 1700s headborrow. β. Middle English hedborgh, Middle English heedbroth, Middle English–1500s hedborough, 1500s hedborowghe, 1500s–1600s headboroughe, 1500s– headborough, 1600s headburrough, 1700s headbourg. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: head n.¹, borrow n. Etymology: < head n.¹ + borrow n. In β. forms partly reflecting reinterpretation of the second element as borough n. (compare discussion at borrow n. 3). Compare earlier frithborh-head n. at frithborh n. Additions, and later borrow-head n.¹ Now historical. 1. In Anglo-Saxon and later medieval England: the chief member of a tithing or borrow (borrow n. 3) in a system of frank-pledge (frank-pledge n.). Later: a parish officer having the same role and function as a petty constable. Cf. borrow-head n.¹, borsholder n., tithingman n.¹Recorded earliest in attributive use. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > parish official > [noun] > tithingman or headborough tithingmanlOE frithborh-headc1200 headborough1375 thirdborough?c1475 frank-pledgec1503 borsholder1536 borrow-head1581 decurion1591 decener1607 chief-pledge1630 dean1647 1375 Inquisition Post Mortem (P.R.O.: C 135/244/1) m. 8 Vnum toftum cum quodam crofto..voc. le heuedisfe &..tenentur de domino Rege in capite per servicium militare & xij.d. per annum de hefdborwesiluere. c1425 in Norfolk Archaeol. (1864) 6 229 Syrs, ȝe shal duweli leie þis lete þat þe heedborwis han presentid and truli..affeeren it aftir her presentement. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 231 Heed borow [a1500 King's Cambr. hedborwe], plegius capitalis. ?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.vj^v Constables, hede borowes, and katers. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. i. 10 I must go fetch the Head-borough. Beg. Third, or fourth, or fift Borough, Ile answere him by Law. View more context for this quotation 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 228 Oh! yee Headburrowes, and Officers of Townes, let this truth of God convince yee. 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 274 There died six and forty Constables and Headboroughs. 1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 389 The officers stand thus; 6 church-wardens..3 headboroughs. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xi. 11 The Whig theory is..that the right of a king is divine in no other sense than that in which the right of a..judge, of a juryman, of a mayor, of a headborough, is divine. 1862 J. A. Erredge Hist. Brighthelmston v. 22 Under the Saxon constitution, Brighton had two headboroughs. 1927 Times 18 July 17/5 The parish authorities are the churchwardens and the overseers, with the constable and the headborough under them. 2009 C. Emsley Great Brit. Bobby i. 18 William Payne..was selected headborough..of the Rolls Liberty, a civil parish of Westminster. †2. In extended use, with reference to countries other than Britain: an official likened to, or having a similar role or function to, a headborough (sense 1). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. iv. sig. C.vi The sencence is brought to the headborough [L. praefectum] of the Citie (whom we call the Mayour) and they Licomegia. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. King Richard II in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 152 Two other headboroughs, one of Dantzik, and the other of Elburg. 1648 Moderate Intelligencer No. 184. 1562 He was conducted by 150 Simboyacrecken, or Courtiers..and with 100 Starissen or Headboroughs. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. I. 81 The civil government in the cities and great towns [of Denmark] is lodged in a Burgomaster and council; but in smaller towns in the Byevogt or king's Headborough. 1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain III. xii. 221 I was visited by various alguazils, accompanied by a kind of headborough, who made a small seizure of Testaments and Gypsy Gospels. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1375
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