单词 | anxiety |
释义 | anxietyn. 1. a. Worry over the future or about something with an uncertain outcome; uneasy concern about a person, situation, etc.; a troubled state of mind arising from such worry or concern.performance, separation, status anxiety, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > nervousness or uneasiness > [noun] > uneasiness or anxiety pensienessc1450 anxietya1475 pensee1474 uneasiness1682 angst1902 misease1905 the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > [noun] mourningeOE businessOE busyOE carefulnessa1000 carec1000 howc1000 embeþonkc1200 thought?c1250 cark1330 curea1340 exercisec1386 solicitude?a1412 pensienessc1450 anxietya1475 fear1490 thought-taking1508 pensement1516 carp1548 caring1556 hoe1567 thoughtfulness1569 carking1583 caretaking1625 anxiousness1636 solicitousness1636 concern1692 solicitation1693 anxietude1709 twitchiness1834 uptightness1969 a1475 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Cambr. Gg.1.16) (1997) iii. lii. 123 None anxiete [L. anxietas], blysful iocundite, swete compayny and plesante to biholde. c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 91 There dyed he without grudge, without anxietie. 1534 G. Gardynare Let. Yonge Gentylman f. xxiv The preste is in care and anxiete for thy sake. 1580 Hooper's Certeine Expos. Psalmes f. 94 The elect, as they finde anxietie and anguish of minde for sinne in this life..may after this life finde eternall rest. 1623 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 337 Temporall prosperity comes alwaies accompanied with so much anxiety. 1698 S. Jenks Blind Obed. Humble Penitent iv. 45 He [sc. the penitent] is fearfull without discouragement, carefull without anxiety, & diligent without any trouble. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 121. ¶1 The Young, upon the sight of a Pond, immediately ran into it; while the Stepmother, with all imaginable Anxiety, hovered about the Borders of it. 1790 J. Beekman Let. 27 Feb. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) III. 1042 It has often given me Anxiety that I have been prevented being..punctual. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 200 The United Provinces saw with anxiety the progress of his arms. 1870 C. Reade Put Yourself in his Place xix. 97/2 He could understand her being in anxiety for news about Little; but why not relieve her anxiety by sending a servant to inquire? 1903 Atlanta Constit. 19 June 9/3 Five minutes of intense anxiety, in which even the women were quiet, passed before the red board went up. 1954 E. Taylor Hester Lilly 25 Fear met her at every turn—in her dealings with people, her terror of Muriel, her shrinking from nature, her anxiety about her future. 1999 Occasions July 35/2 Long hours and the proverbial eight-day week translate to tiredness and anxiety levels that inevitably de-sex the body. 2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health i. 32 It's quite normal to suffer a degree of anxiety when flying. b. An instance or case of this; a cause of, or matter for, worry or concern. ΚΠ 1546 W. Hugh Troubled Mans Med. ii. sig. C.vi It [sc. death] is a remedy moost present for all euyls, and the chefest expeller of al anxieties. 1574 Ld. Burghley in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1725) I. iv. 81 Anxieties and disquiets of mind. 1610 E. Skory Extract Hist. Henry IV 5 Anxieties caused by vn-intermissiue infidelities. 1685 Bp. G. Burnet Let. 8 Dec. iv. 43 in Trav. (1687) The tearing anxieties, that want brings with it. 1714 Spectator No. 615. ⁋1 It is the Business of Religion and Philosophy to free us from all unnecessary Anxieties. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia IV. viii. ix. 304 Which can only awaken painful recollections, or give rise to yet more painful new anxieties. 1839 I. Fitzgerald Let. 15 May in G. N. Ray Lett. W. M. Thackeray (1945) I. 383 It would be a great anxiety off one's mind to know one was living rent free. 1883 J. Payn Thicker than Water III. xli. 115 Knowing that his codicil was secure, the legatorial anxieties which were obviously consuming those about him were not without their charms for him. 1902 Words of Eyewitness 233 A useful lot, thinks Colonel Jones, but somewhat of an anxiety to his sealed-pattern soldier's mind. 1950 C. McCullers in H. Brickell O. Henry Prize Stories of 1951 (1951) 200 Suspended above the ocean the anxieties of transience and solitude no longer troubled him. 2012 Sight & Sound Apr. 86/2 A neat snapshot of early 1990s anxieties about family and fertility technology. 2. Strong desire or concern for something to happen or to do something; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [noun] lickerousnessc1380 avaricec1386 avidityc1449 zealc1451 eagerness1486 greediness1553 anxiety1555 lickerishness1580 inhiation1608 exoptation1633 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. xi. f. 157 The deuelyshe anxietie [L. solicitudo] for the desyre of wicked money, hath not yet oppressed thinhabitantes. 1626 W. Pinke tr. J. Cameron Exam. Plausible Appearances xxxviii. 154 No man is in trouble or anxiety to procure himselfe, wherewith to cloath himselfe against the cold. 1648 J. Sparrow tr. J. Böhme Descr. Three Princ. xv. 160 The will cannot endure this, viz. to be set in the darke, and therefore falls into great anxiety for the light. 1749 Memorial opposing Poors-rate Edinb. 15 No-body would take Pains, or shew Anxiety to have the Tax established on any Motive but Zeal for the Publick Good. 1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. i. 4 Anxiety..for the general welfare. 1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism viii. 304 Every man's anxiety to obtain for himself the inestimable pearl of genuine knowledge. 1878 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 514/1 The development of the maritime power of England..was distinguished by a singular anxiety for the spread of the Christian faith. 1919 E. Shackleton South xii. 237 As the cook and his ‘mate’ had the privilege of scraping out the saucepans, there was some anxiety to secure the job. 1983 D. Cecil Portrait of Lamb II. ii. 155 From an anxiety to make his reader smile he can overdo his jokes. 2003 Ireland's Own 23 May 26/3 There was a general anxiety for fresh pastures and change. 3. Medicine. A physical feeling of discomfort or tightness in the chest or epigastric region; an instance of this. In later use more fully precordial anxiety. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > depression anxiety1661 vapours1662 vapour-fit1707 depression1905 postpartum depression1929 baby blues1940 sterks1941 postnatal depression1946 PPD1975 PND1978 SAD1983 seasonal affective disorder1983 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 368 The paine and anxiety of the ventricle. 1675 R. Gower tr. F. de Le Boë New Idea Pract. Physic 246 These I have oft observ'd to begin with distention of the Abdomen, and Anxiety of the Midrif, the Pulse being Little, Weak, and Swift. 1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet iii. 303 The Blood..pressing upon the Heart creates great Anxieties. 1771 R. Brookes Gen. Pract. Physic (ed. 6) 38 Besides these there are dull Pains, which occupy chiefly the precordial Parts, otherwise called Anxieties. 1827 J. Forbes tr. R. T. H. Laennec Treat. Dis. Chest (ed. 2) i. ii. xiv. 413 A remitting dyspnœa, attended with dry cough and precordial anxiety. 1872 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 Jan. 7/2 The general symptoms immediately connected with these several forms of heart-disease are mainly..(3) occasional feelings of faintness, with (4) præcordial anxieties, flutterings, palpitation, and it may be, pain. 1905 C. G. Chaddock tr. R. von Krafft-Ebing Text-bk. Insanity 127 Precordial anxiety, as experience teaches, may be induced by psychic stimuli. 1956 Jrnl. Psychosomatic Res. 1 115 Not unusually they [sc. asthmatics] suffered previously from colitis, episodes of precordial anxiety, obsessional symptoms, or..depressive phases. 4. Psychiatry and Psychology. A pathological state characterized by inappropriate or excessive apprehension or fear, which may be generalized or attached to particular situations, and may be accompanied by physical symptoms such as tachycardia, increased muscle tension, and shortness of breath. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > neurosis > anxiety anxiety1887 anxiety neurosis1895 anxiety state1904 anxiety complex1906 anxiety hysteria1910 anxiety attack1911 anxiety disorder1937 1887 A. de Watteville tr. W. Erb Electrotherapeutics xxxi. 598 There is one form in which the cerebral functions are principally affected (neurasthenia cerebralis), and which is characterised specially by weight in the head, inability to work, sleeplessness, physical depression, pathological anxiety (fear of places; dread of lightning, of shooting, of human beings, of diseases, &c.) [etc.]. 1909 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Sel. Papers on Hysteria vi. 136 A quantum of freely floating anxiety [Ger. Angst] which controls the choice of ideas by expectation. 1936 Psychoanalytic Rev. 23 1 Thoughts of death and dying occur as every-day symptoms among psycho-neurotics of the anxiety, hysterical and obsessive types. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 831/1 Those making up the second vector [of obsessional personalities] were indecisiveness and definite symptoms of neurosis, such as anxiety, phobias, obsessions, and ruminations. 2003 S. H. Barondes Better than Prozac 58 Placebo-controlled studies with some members of this class of drugs have established their effectiveness for many forms of pathological anxiety. Phrases Age of Anxiety n. any period of time characterized by great concern about what will happen in the near future; (now usually) spec. a historical era (esp. the mid to late 20th cent.) characterized by widespread anxiety about the course of events.In later use popularized by the title of W. H. Auden's 1947 poem ‘The Age of Anxiety’, set during the Second World War (1939–45). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > nervousness or uneasiness > [noun] > uneasiness or anxiety > any period characterized by anxiety or danger Age of Anxiety1823 1823 J. Mackintosh in Monthly Repository Jan. 45/2 My life has been variegated, and has left little for the prosecution of projects that were formed in my early life, and the age of repose has been converted into an age of anxiety. 1914 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 8 30 If we can forget the Balkans we must face a new age of anxiety as to eastern Asia. 1946 Musical Times 87 111/1 In an age of anxiety I find realists refreshing. 1953 Economist 7 Nov. 413/1 The main change is to be found between the nineteenth and the twentieth century outlooks... A survey which ignores it..fails to achieve a complete relevance to the current Age of Anxiety. 2006 H. Johnson Age of Anxiety 569 Sources covering the period of the Cold War and beyond into our new Age of Anxiety and terrorism. Compounds C1. Objective and instrumental. anxiety-causing adj. ΚΠ 1926 J. I. Suttie tr. S. Ferenczi Further Contrib. Psycho-anal. ii. 50 The shifting of the phobia..may be regarded as a protective measure..against the emergence into consciousness of the anxiety-causing wish. 2015 Independent (Nexis) 18 June Subjects..had had their anxiety levels artificially elevated, by asking them to remember anxiety-causing events they had experienced in their pasts. anxiety-inducing adj. ΚΠ 1941 Suppl. Encycl. Britannica Bk. of Year 559/1 The..list contained words judged by analytically-trained psychologists to be anxiety-inducing for most college students. 2003 Nat. Health Sept. 49/1 If you anticipate an anxiety-inducing situation, try the fast-acting supplement L-theanine..that controls cortisol and helps you relax in 30 minutes or less. anxiety-producing adj. ΚΠ 1897 Canada Educ. Monthly Dec. 365/1 The anxiety-producing annual notice will in time be more respected in the breach than in the observance. 1958 New Biol. 27 34 The tabu word which is presented subthreshold..is classified as an anxiety-producing word. 2001 A. Solomon Noonday Demon (2002) vi. 227 I definitely drink more when I am anxious—in ordinary anxiety-producing social interactions or when a little bit of depression-style anxiety comes sweeping across me. anxiety-provoking adj. ΚΠ 1880 E. W. Tullidge Life Joseph the Prophet xxxix. 426 Rumors also grew rife and anxiety-provoking. 1967 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 113 1019/2 Many suggestions have been made to account for the high suicide rate in the medical profession; amongst them,..the high pressure of work and its anxiety-provoking nature. 2015 Times Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 28 Aug. Fear causes us to withdraw from an anxiety-provoking situation and avoid such situations in the future. anxiety-related adj. ΚΠ 1949 L. I. O'Kelly Introd. to Psychopath. vi. 214 (heading) Comparison of anxiety-related symptoms in the histories of psychotics, psychoneurotics, and normal soldiers. 2010 Your Cat Feb. 64/1 Your vet will be able to tell you if your pet suffers from overgrooming after taking a careful history, where potential stressors will be highlighted and any other anxiety-related behaviours identified. anxiety-ridden adj. ΚΠ 1888 J. A. Harrison Autrefois 135 A dead tissue..seemed to have taken the place of the warm, beating, anxiety-ridden heart with which I had come. 1960 C. Day Lewis Buried Day iv. 64 I went to school, entering..a world insulated, self-important, artificial, anxiety-ridden. 2002 E. Ritter Treatm. Anxiety & Panic with Bach Flower Remedies v. 98 In general, anxiety ridden individuals are predisposed to over-think and over analyze..everything. C2. Psychology. attributive, forming names of psychological conditions or states characterized by anxiety (sense 4). anxiety complex n. [compare German Angstkomplex (1906 or earlier)] ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > neurosis > anxiety anxiety1887 anxiety neurosis1895 anxiety state1904 anxiety complex1906 anxiety hysteria1910 anxiety attack1911 anxiety disorder1937 1906 State of N.Y. Comm. Lunacy: 17th Ann. Rep. 1904–5 89 The anxiety complex occurred in one case accompanied by cardiac distress and a tendency to occupation delirium. 1942 A. L. Rowse Cornish Childhood 204 It undoubtedly produced an anxiety-complex, the combination of working hard with worry. 2006 Sunday Telegram (Mass.) (Nexis) 8 Jan. d6 ‘For me going into games and playing in games, I was always too anxious,’ Kite said. ‘I had a little bit of an anxiety complex and never learned how to manage it until later on in my career.’ anxiety disorder n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > neurosis > anxiety anxiety1887 anxiety neurosis1895 anxiety state1904 anxiety complex1906 anxiety hysteria1910 anxiety attack1911 anxiety disorder1937 1937 E. Mapother & A. Lewis in F. W. Price Textbk. Pract. Med. (ed. 5) xxi. 1846 The nearest approach to a specific connection between the precipitating happening and the type of affective disorder is seen in the anxiety disorders which follow a terrifying experience such as exposure to shell fire. 1966 J. Inglis Sci. Study Abnormal Behav. ii. 26 The neurotic group was further sub-divided into twelve ‘dysthymics’..suffering mainly from obsessional and anxiety disorder. 1990 Here's Health Dec. 75/1 They've correlated spasmophilia with things like mitral valve collapse and allergy, and it overlaps a great deal with what we would call anxiety disorder. 2010 Daily Tel. 26 Aug. 6/8 She only takes Xanax—a drug prescribed for people suffering from moderate to severe anxiety disorders—on long-haul flights. anxiety hysteria n. [after German Angsthysterie (S. Freud in W. Stekel Nervöse Angstzustände (1908) Pref. iii.)] ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > neurosis > anxiety anxiety1887 anxiety neurosis1895 anxiety state1904 anxiety complex1906 anxiety hysteria1910 anxiety attack1911 anxiety disorder1937 1910 Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. 5 42 It [sc. a book by Wilhelm Steckel] contains three parts: (1) anxiety neurosis; (2) anxiety hysteria; (3) general considerations. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 687/2 Many authors consider the type of illness pattern characterized by these patients as basically hysterical, although the old Freudian term for phobic neurosis, Anxiety Hysteria, is gradually falling into disuse. 2012 P. Cowen et al. Shorter Oxf. Textbk. Psychiatry ix. 178/1 The second group, which Freud called anxiety hysteria, included cases with mainly physical symptoms of anxiety and with phobias. Thus anxiety hysteria included the cases we now diagnose as agoraphobia. anxiety neurosis n. [after German Angstneurose (S. Freud 1895, in Neurolog. Zentralbl. 14 55)] ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > neurosis > anxiety anxiety1887 anxiety neurosis1895 anxiety state1904 anxiety complex1906 anxiety hysteria1910 anxiety attack1911 anxiety disorder1937 1895 Jrnl. Nerv. & Mental Dis. 22 197 Freud proposes to separate such a group, to which he gives the name ‘anxiety neurosis’. 1913 Lancet 26 Apr. 1184/1 Anxiety dreams and anxiety neuroses represent a breaking down of this compromise. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 950/1 The distinction between affective disorders and anxiety neurosis is well embedded in European psychiatry. 2005 R. Lieb in F. Holsboer & A. Störhle Anxiety & Anxiolytic Drugs 406 The major change in DSM-III was that the category ‘anxiety neurosis’ was deleted because this term was too general and could not be defined reliably. anxiety state n. [probably after German Angstzustand (mid 19th cent. in psychiatry; a1803 or earlier in more general use)] ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > neurosis > anxiety anxiety1887 anxiety neurosis1895 anxiety state1904 anxiety complex1906 anxiety hysteria1910 anxiety attack1911 anxiety disorder1937 1904 Med. Rec. (N.Y.) 24 Dec. 1012/2 I have purposely restrained from discussing cases in which depression of spirits, feeling of unworthiness, morbid subjectivity, mild anxiety states, and concernment in relation both to self and others, are symptoms of sufficient importance to the possessor to lead him to consult a physician. 1926 W. McDougall Outl. Abnormal Psychol. xiv. 269 The first factor in the production of the anxiety state is the bringing into activity of the instinct of flight. 2008 Times (Nexis) 9 Sept. (Times2 section) 12 I suspect that OCD [= obsessive compulsive disorder] wouldn't be diagnosed in your daughter but her condition is an acute anxiety state. C3. anxiety attack n. [compare German Angstanfall (1817 or earlier), Angstattacke (1902 or earlier).] a sudden feeling of anxiety; an acute episode of anxiety; cf. panic attack n. at panic adj. and n.2 Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > neurosis > anxiety anxiety1887 anxiety neurosis1895 anxiety state1904 anxiety complex1906 anxiety hysteria1910 anxiety attack1911 anxiety disorder1937 1911 E. Jones in Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. 6 92 The occurrence of the abortive anxiety attacks, i.e. pronounced physical manifestations with little or no anxiety, stands in direct conflict with the James-Lange hypothesis. 1970 R. Thorp & R. Blake Music of their Laughter 133/2 I first started going when I had what they psychologically term an ‘anxiety attack.’ 2003 Vanity Fair Apr. 269/1 He was often stricken with pre-show hot sweats and anxiety attacks he called ‘the whammies’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1475 |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。