hardockn.

Brit.

/ˈhɑːdɒk/, U.S.

/ˈhɑrˌdɑk/

Forms: 1600s hardokes (plural), 1600s hordock, 1600s– hardock.

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. In quot. 1608 (on which all later use is likely to be based) probably a compositorial error for burdock n., to which the word has frequently been emended in editions of Shakespeare. See discussion in S. G. Wells & G. Taylor Shakespeare: A Textual Companion (1987) 521.It has also been suggested that the word is < hoar adj. + dock n.¹, the plant perhaps being so called on account of its hoary foliage (which is unlikely on formal grounds), or that the word is a compositorial error for charlock n. (so K. Sprynkle-Jackson in Eng. Lang. Notes (1989) 26 15–23).

Now rare.

Any of various weeds, spec. the burdock, Arctium lappa.The identity of hor-dock in quot. 1608 is uncertain, but it has been widely interpreted as the burdock, and the form may show an error for burdock. Later use may all be based ultimately on this instance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > weed > [noun] > burdock(s)

clotea700

bardanc1250

cletec1425

bur1480

clot-bur1548

burdock1597

clite1597

clithe1597

hardock1608

cuckold1698

hurr-burr1796

hare-bur1866

flapper-bag1871

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xviii. 4 Crownd..with hor-docks [1623 Hardokes, 1644 hardocks], hemlocke, netles, cookow flowers, Darnell and all the idle weedes that grow.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Hardock, I suppose the same with burdock.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 569/2 Hardock or Harlock, probably the Burdock.

1898 N. L. Britton & A. Brown Illustr. Flora Northern U.S. III. 484 Arctium Lappa... Naturalized from Europe. Other names are Cockle-bur, Cockle-button, Cuckold-dock, Hurr-bur, Stick-button, Hardock, Bardane, Beggar's Buttons.

1940 E. R. Spencer Just Weeds 292 The common names of the weed [sc. burdock] are nearly all descriptive: Fox's clote, Beggar's buttons, Cockle-buttons, Stick-buttons, Hardock, and Bardane.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hardock
释义	hardockn. Brit. /ˈhɑːdɒk/, U.S. /ˈhɑrˌdɑk/ Forms: 1600s hardokes (plural), 1600s hordock, 1600s– hardock. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain. In quot. 1608 (on which all later use is likely to be based) probably a compositorial error for burdock n., to which the word has frequently been emended in editions of Shakespeare. See discussion in S. G. Wells & G. Taylor Shakespeare: A Textual Companion (1987) 521.It has also been suggested that the word is < hoar adj. + dock n.¹, the plant perhaps being so called on account of its hoary foliage (which is unlikely on formal grounds), or that the word is a compositorial error for charlock n. (so K. Sprynkle-Jackson in Eng. Lang. Notes (1989) 26 15–23). Now rare. Any of various weeds, spec. the burdock, Arctium lappa.The identity of hor-dock in quot. 1608 is uncertain, but it has been widely interpreted as the burdock, and the form may show an error for burdock. Later use may all be based ultimately on this instance. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > weed > [noun] > burdock(s) clotea700 bardanc1250 cletec1425 bur1480 clot-bur1548 burdock1597 clite1597 clithe1597 hardock1608 cuckold1698 hurr-burr1796 hare-bur1866 flapper-bag1871 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xviii. 4 Crownd..with hor-docks [1623 Hardokes, 1644 hardocks], hemlocke, netles, cookow flowers, Darnell and all the idle weedes that grow. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Hardock, I suppose the same with burdock. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 569/2 Hardock or Harlock, probably the Burdock. 1898 N. L. Britton & A. Brown Illustr. Flora Northern U.S. III. 484 Arctium Lappa... Naturalized from Europe. Other names are Cockle-bur, Cockle-button, Cuckold-dock, Hurr-bur, Stick-button, Hardock, Bardane, Beggar's Buttons. 1940 E. R. Spencer Just Weeds 292 The common names of the weed [sc. burdock] are nearly all descriptive: Fox's clote, Beggar's buttons, Cockle-buttons, Stick-buttons, Hardock, and Bardane. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1608
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