† hardingn.¹

Forms: see hard v. and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a word inherited from Germanic. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hard v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Originally cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German hartunga difficult trial (glossing classical Latin exercitātiō exercitation n.) < the Germanic base of hard v. + the Germanic base of -ing suffix¹. In later use re-formed < hard v. + -ing suffix¹; compare German Härtung action of becoming hard (16th cent.), action of making something hard (18th cent.; < härten (see hard v.) + -ung -ing suffix¹) Compare Old English aheardung hardening, solidifying, clotting ( < aheardian (see hard v.) + -ing suffix¹).Probably re-formed in Middle English and again in the 17th cent.

Obsolete. rare.

1. The action or process of becoming hard or solid; hardening, solidification.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [noun] > becoming or making hard

hardingeOE

hardingc1405

hardening?c1425

duration1617

obduration1654

during1804

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. 160 (table of contents) Læceas secgeaþ þas tacn be aswollenre..lifre & læcedomas wið þon & be þære lifre heardunge.

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xvii. 198 Be sex þingum þe þone liferwærc wyrceað;..sexte is heardung þære lifre butan gefelnesse & butan sare.

1664 P. D. C. tr. N. Le Fèvre Compend. Body Chymistry II. 18 A viscous and clammy matter, which by want of digestion is framed in our bodies, and has in it self an immediate or proximate vertue of harding and coagulating, and consequently of causing obstructions.

2. The action of making something hard (in various senses).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [noun] > becoming or making hard

hardingeOE

hardingc1405

hardening?c1425

duration1617

obduration1654

during1804

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Squire's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 235 Hardyng of metal.

1657 T. Hall Chiliasto-mastix Redivivus 60 He must be let loose for a short time, for some further exercise of Gods children, and the harding of the wicked.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

† hardingn.²

Forms: 1500s hardinges (plural).

Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hard adj., -ing suffix².

Etymology: Probably < hard adj. + -ing suffix². Compare earlier hasting n.²Compare Old English hearding bold man, hero ( < hard adj. + -ing suffix³.

Obsolete. rare.

A plant that is slow or late to develop. Cf. hasting n.² 2.In quot. 1581 in extended use.

ΚΠ

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions iv. 19 Ripenes in children, is not tyed to one time, no more then all corne is ripe for one reaping... Some be hastinges and will on, some be hardinges, and drawe backe.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

† hardingadj.

Forms: Middle English hardinge, Middle English hardyng.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hard v., -ing suffix².

Etymology: < hard v. + -ing suffix².

Obsolete. rare.

That hardens something.

ΚΠ

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. lxx. 439 Hardinge [1495 de Worde hardyng] medicine renneþ þe matiere.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.¹eOE

n.²1581

adj.a1398

单词	harding
释义	† hardingn.¹ Forms: see hard v. and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a word inherited from Germanic. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hard v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Originally cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German hartunga difficult trial (glossing classical Latin exercitātiō exercitation n.) < the Germanic base of hard v. + the Germanic base of -ing suffix¹. In later use re-formed < hard v. + -ing suffix¹; compare German Härtung action of becoming hard (16th cent.), action of making something hard (18th cent.; < härten (see hard v.) + -ung -ing suffix¹) Compare Old English aheardung hardening, solidifying, clotting ( < aheardian (see hard v.) + -ing suffix¹).Probably re-formed in Middle English and again in the 17th cent. Obsolete. rare. 1. The action or process of becoming hard or solid; hardening, solidification. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [noun] > becoming or making hard hardingeOE hardingc1405 hardening?c1425 hardening?c1425 duration1617 obduration1654 during1804 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. 160 (table of contents) Læceas secgeaþ þas tacn be aswollenre..lifre & læcedomas wið þon & be þære lifre heardunge. eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xvii. 198 Be sex þingum þe þone liferwærc wyrceað;..sexte is heardung þære lifre butan gefelnesse & butan sare. 1664 P. D. C. tr. N. Le Fèvre Compend. Body Chymistry II. 18 A viscous and clammy matter, which by want of digestion is framed in our bodies, and has in it self an immediate or proximate vertue of harding and coagulating, and consequently of causing obstructions. 2. The action of making something hard (in various senses). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [noun] > becoming or making hard hardingeOE hardingc1405 hardening?c1425 hardening?c1425 duration1617 obduration1654 during1804 c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Squire's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 235 Hardyng of metal. 1657 T. Hall Chiliasto-mastix Redivivus 60 He must be let loose for a short time, for some further exercise of Gods children, and the harding of the wicked. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online September 2021). † hardingn.² Forms: 1500s hardinges (plural). Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hard adj., -ing suffix². Etymology: Probably < hard adj. + -ing suffix². Compare earlier hasting n.²Compare Old English hearding bold man, hero ( < hard adj. + -ing suffix³. Obsolete. rare. A plant that is slow or late to develop. Cf. hasting n.² 2.In quot. 1581 in extended use. ΚΠ 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions iv. 19 Ripenes in children, is not tyed to one time, no more then all corne is ripe for one reaping... Some be hastinges and will on, some be hardinges, and drawe backe. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † hardingadj. Forms: Middle English hardinge, Middle English hardyng. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hard v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < hard v. + -ing suffix². Obsolete. rare. That hardens something. ΚΠ a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. lxx. 439 Hardinge [1495 de Worde hardyng] medicine renneþ þe matiere. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹eOEn.²1581adj.a1398
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† hardingn.1

† hardingn.2

† hardingadj.

† hardingn.¹

† hardingn.²