hardihoodn.

Brit.

/ˈhɑːdɪhʊd/, U.S.

/ˈhɑrdiˌhʊd/

Forms: 1500s 1700s– hardyhood, 1600s– hardihood.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hardy adj., -hood suffix.

Etymology: < hardy adj. + -hood suffix. Compare earlier hardihead n., and also earlier hardiesse n., hardiness n.

1. Courage; audacity; resoluteness; = hardiness n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > impudence > [noun]

hardiessec1300

boldness1377

malapertness?a1439

over-boldnessc1450

insolencya1513

protervitya1527

impudency1529

sauce malapert1529

petulancy1537

procacitya1538

audacity1545

sauceliness1552

forehead1564

hardihead1579

hardihood1594

outfacing1598

audaciousness1599

impudentness1599

petulancea1600

impertinency1609

impertinence1612

impudencea1616

procacya1620

affrontedness1640

brow1642

front1653

insolence1668

affrontery1679

assurance1699

effrontery1715

affrontiveness1721

swagger1725

imperence1765

cheek1823

sassiness1834

cheekiness1838

pawk1855

gall1882

chutzpah1886

face1890

mouth1891

crust1900

rind1901

smarting1902

hide1916

brass neck1937

the mind > emotion > courage > daring > [noun]

derfshipa1225

boldheada1250

derayc1300

daringc1374

hardinessc1380

hardimenta1413

enterprisec1450

felony1485

boldness1489

adventurousness1530

derfnessc1540

hardihead1579

hardihood1594

dare1595

adventurement1598

audaciousness1601

daringness1622

adventuresomeness1731

1594 2nd Rep. Dr. Faustus xvi. sig. G3^v The Emperour hauing seated himselfe, full of braue thought and gallant hardyhood, expecting the aunswere of the enemy in such sort as it was in very deede.

1637 J. Milton Comus 22 With dauntlesse hardihood And brandish't blade rush on him.

1776 W. Stevenson Ode to Peace 22 Thy bold exploits, thy feats of hardihood,..Be in oblivion lost.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. from Accession James II III. vii, 7 More than one day which had seemed hopelessly lost was retrieved by the hardi-hood with which he rallied his broken battalions.

1879 Fraser's Mag. Nov. 642 Would anyone have the hardihood to say that what the people want is to be found in that system?

1929 Scotsman 26 Nov. 8 He had the hardihood to blame the Unionist Opposition for not having succeeded..in reducing unemployment.

1943 M. Moore Let. 19 Sept. (1997) 436 To be misunderstood and mis-regarded without violence or bitterness, is hardihood such as only the saints have known.

1979 Irish Times 27 June 10/1 His [sc. Oscar Wilde's] legendary hatred of publicity..seemed to guarantee a refusal..to anyone having the hardihood to try it on.

2012 Jrnl. Social, Polit., & Econ. Stud. 37 541 In his dissenting opinion..Peter Wallison did have the hardihood to..[deal] with a sensitive subject that Bair avoids.

2. Capability to endure physical hardship; robustness; = hardiness n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > resistance to disease

lustc950

lustinessc1325

vigourc1386

hardinessc1405

lustihood1600

stamina1726

lustihead1748

hardihood1780

robustfulness1879

refractoriness1887

refractiveness1931

the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [noun] > robustness

hardishipa1250

stalworthnessa1340

stalworthinessa1387

pithc1395

hardinessc1405

robustness?1533

valiantness1553

validity1578

robustiousness1600

robustuousness1648

robusticness1676

robusticity1777

hardihood1780

ironness1803

induration1827

robustihood1834

stalwartness1859

1780 Let. to Earl of Hillsborough 4 The people were brave and virtuous, endued with all the advantages of mental ability and corporal hardihood in as eminent a degree as any of his European subjects.

1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 165 Amidst the rudeness and hardihood of the savage state.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. ii. vi. 304 The vigour of his mind was properly supported by the hardyhood of his body.

1856 ‘E. S. Delamer’ Flower Garden 148 Their hardihood is not to be depended on, and they can only be trusted as conservatory plants here.

2007 Climber Apr. 32/3 The advertisers, insidiously, take to selling the notion of omnicompetence and supreme hardihood in dangerous environments.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hardihood
释义	hardihoodn. Brit. /ˈhɑːdɪhʊd/, U.S. /ˈhɑrdiˌhʊd/ Forms: 1500s 1700s– hardyhood, 1600s– hardihood. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: hardy adj., -hood suffix. Etymology: < hardy adj. + -hood suffix. Compare earlier hardihead n., and also earlier hardiesse n., hardiness n. 1. Courage; audacity; resoluteness; = hardiness n. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > impudence > [noun] hardiessec1300 boldness1377 malapertness?a1439 over-boldnessc1450 insolencya1513 protervitya1527 impudency1529 sauce malapert1529 petulancy1537 procacitya1538 audacity1545 sauceliness1552 forehead1564 hardihead1579 hardihood1594 outfacing1598 audaciousness1599 impudentness1599 petulancea1600 impertinency1609 impertinence1612 impudencea1616 procacya1620 affrontedness1640 brow1642 front1653 insolence1668 affrontery1679 assurance1699 effrontery1715 affrontiveness1721 swagger1725 imperence1765 cheek1823 sassiness1834 cheekiness1838 pawk1855 gall1882 chutzpah1886 face1890 mouth1891 crust1900 rind1901 smarting1902 hide1916 brass neck1937 the mind > emotion > courage > daring > [noun] derfshipa1225 boldheada1250 derayc1300 daringc1374 hardinessc1380 hardimenta1413 enterprisec1450 felony1485 boldness1489 adventurousness1530 derfnessc1540 hardihead1579 hardihood1594 dare1595 adventurement1598 audaciousness1601 daringness1622 adventuresomeness1731 1594 2nd Rep. Dr. Faustus xvi. sig. G3^v The Emperour hauing seated himselfe, full of braue thought and gallant hardyhood, expecting the aunswere of the enemy in such sort as it was in very deede. 1637 J. Milton Comus 22 With dauntlesse hardihood And brandish't blade rush on him. 1776 W. Stevenson Ode to Peace 22 Thy bold exploits, thy feats of hardihood,..Be in oblivion lost. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. from Accession James II III. vii, 7 More than one day which had seemed hopelessly lost was retrieved by the hardi-hood with which he rallied his broken battalions. 1879 Fraser's Mag. Nov. 642 Would anyone have the hardihood to say that what the people want is to be found in that system? 1929 Scotsman 26 Nov. 8 He had the hardihood to blame the Unionist Opposition for not having succeeded..in reducing unemployment. 1943 M. Moore Let. 19 Sept. (1997) 436 To be misunderstood and mis-regarded without violence or bitterness, is hardihood such as only the saints have known. 1979 Irish Times 27 June 10/1 His [sc. Oscar Wilde's] legendary hatred of publicity..seemed to guarantee a refusal..to anyone having the hardihood to try it on. 2012 Jrnl. Social, Polit., & Econ. Stud. 37 541 In his dissenting opinion..Peter Wallison did have the hardihood to..[deal] with a sensitive subject that Bair avoids. 2. Capability to endure physical hardship; robustness; = hardiness n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > resistance to disease lustc950 lustinessc1325 vigourc1386 hardinessc1405 lustihood1600 stamina1726 lustihead1748 hardihood1780 robustfulness1879 refractoriness1887 refractiveness1931 the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [noun] > robustness hardishipa1250 stalworthnessa1340 stalworthinessa1387 pithc1395 hardinessc1405 robustness?1533 valiantness1553 validity1578 robustiousness1600 robustuousness1648 robusticness1676 robusticity1777 hardihood1780 ironness1803 induration1827 robustihood1834 stalwartness1859 1780 Let. to Earl of Hillsborough 4 The people were brave and virtuous, endued with all the advantages of mental ability and corporal hardihood in as eminent a degree as any of his European subjects. 1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 165 Amidst the rudeness and hardihood of the savage state. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. ii. vi. 304 The vigour of his mind was properly supported by the hardyhood of his body. 1856 ‘E. S. Delamer’ Flower Garden 148 Their hardihood is not to be depended on, and they can only be trusted as conservatory plants here. 2007 Climber Apr. 32/3 The advertisers, insidiously, take to selling the notion of omnicompetence and supreme hardihood in dangerous environments. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1594
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