haten.
/heɪt/, U.S. /heɪt/ 1.
a. A feeling of intense dislike or aversion towards a person or thing; hatred, loathing, animosity. Opposed to love n.1 1a. Cf. earlier hete n.1In the 19th cent. chiefly in poetic or literary use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > [noun]
heteeOE
nitheeOE
fiendshipc900
hatingOE
hatec1175
loathnessc1175
foeshipa1200
hatreda1225
foredenc1275
bitterhead1340
enmityc1380
bitternessa1382
haynec1386
enemy1398
heart-burningc1425
affection1485
dislovea1533
pique1532
haturea1563
animosity1568
foehood?1578
animoseness1730
hard feeling1803
dispeace1825
needle1874
bad mind1939
c1175 ( Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 140 He us þa bysene onstealde þæt we sceolon yfelræ mannæ hate and heora niþæs ðuldelice forberæn.
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) 4150 Þat after hate [c1275 Calig. hatinge] comeþ loue.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3638 Wið-uten ate and strif.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 2 Kings xiii. 15 Wiþ to myche gret hate.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 5086 (MED) I pray to me hate ȝe haue nane.
c1430 (c1395) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) Prol. l. 23 Thanne motyn we..trowyn on these olde aprouede storyis Of holynesse, of regnys of victoryis Of loue, of hate, of othere sundery thyngis.
a1500 tr. R. Rolle Mending of Life (Worcester) 43 (MED) Enemyte, haate, and bakbityng gladly thow shalt suffre.
1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xviii. 107 Ȝour Inobedience hes purchessit Goddis hait.
1619 R. Tillesley Animadversions Seldens Hist. Tithes Pref. sig. e Their malice, was but the hate of falshood.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 54 Unimaginable as hate in Heav'n. View more context for this quotation
a1711 T. Ken Preparatives for Death in Wks. (1721) IV. 21 'Tis from that Moment I must date, My Provocation of God's Hate.
1772 W. Jones Ess. Imit. Arts in Poems 205 Where there is vice, which is detestable in itself, there must be hate.
1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV lxiii. 34 Such is the absorbing hate when warring nations meet.
1880 L. Wallace Ben Hur i. vii. 38 Time brought no assuagement of the hate.
1897 Arena Aug. 201 If a crisis is precipitated, fed by blind hate.., it will assume the form of an uncontrollable storm.
1913 Amer. Med. Oct. 672/1 Freud has very justly emphasized the vacillation between love and hate.
1986 Toronto Star (Nexis) 6 Dec. b1 Roman Catholic Church leaders deny that they promoted hate against homosexuals during this week's debate on human rights.
2012 D. Barry Careless Talk xxix. 114 He stared at her, his eyes full of hate. Why did he hate her so much?
b. As a count noun: an instance, example, or case of intense dislike or aversion experienced towards a person or thing. Also: †an act prompted by hatred (obsolete).
ΚΠ
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 29 Þe þridde heaued of þe beste is hate. Ac þou sselt ywyte þet þer is an hate þet is uirtue, þet þe guode man heþ aye þet kuead.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 1010 (MED) Thurgh an hate..Of some of hem, his deth was cast, And he be tresoun overcast.
?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. pr. iv. l. 327 I put[te] me aȝenis þe hates and indignaciouns [L. odiis] of þe accusour Ciprian.
1577 H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture (new ed.) sig. B.iiiv Foule speech deserues a double hate.
1607 J. Marston What you Will iii. i. sig. D4 With what a bitter hate would she inuaigh Gainst retaild wedlockes.
1622 J. Hagthorpe Divine Medit. xxiii. 46 Perfect Loue giues loue, and all to win Our loues: yet hence (too oft) our hates begin.
1712 W. Broome tr. A. Dacier in tr. Homer Iliad III. xiii. 144 A bitter Hate He bore him unrelenting.
1753 E. Young Brothers i. i. 3 Long burnt a fixt hereditary Hate, Between the Crowns of Macedon and Thrace.
1843 Cold Water Mag. Oct. 111/1 I hate him with a hate that feeds on absence.
1876 M. Oliphant Makers of Florence i. 10 Generations which succeeded each other in the same hates and friendships.
1920 Century Sept. 686/1 A burning hate filled her, that mastering, direct hate only possible toward one thoroughly known.
1998 P. H. Werhane in R. F. Duska Educ., Leadership & Business Ethics vi. 298 Language also expresses our biases and hates.
2012 G. B. Joyce Code i. 2 I've got my hates, too—not many, but deeply felt.
c. An object of hatred; a hated person, thing, or activity. poetic in earlier use.See also pet hate at pet adj. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > [noun] > object of hatred
hatea1393
odium1681
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 285 (MED) O thou my frend, o thou my fo, O thou my love, o thou myn hate, For thee mot I be ded algate.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) §63 For youre synne ye ben woxe thral & foul and membres of the feend, hate of Aungeles, Sclaundre of holy chirche.
1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido iii. sig. Dv Here lies my hate, Aeneas' cursed brat.
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. v. 137 My onely Loue sprung from my onely hate . View more context for this quotation
1613 J. Marston & W. Barksted Insatiate Countesse iii. sig. F2 Deare Loue into my chamber, till I send My hate from sight.
1696 P. A. Motteux Loves of Mars & Venus 17 Vulcan. My Love! my Soul! Venus. My hate, my Fool!
1726 J. Swift Cadenus & Vanessa 23 Of half Mankind the Dread and Hate.
1799 W. Wennington tr. A. H. J. Lafontaine Man of Nature xxxiii. 300 Thou hast been my hate!
1870 H. A. Burette Wyvil's End iii. 44 There she stood, my love, my hate, my woe!
1902 H. R. Haggard in Pearson's Mag. Aug. 827/1 He..was faithful in his loves as in his hates. Of these hates Nehushta was one.
1954 E. Huxley Four Guineas (1955) 20 One can guess his hates—slovenly work, spivishness, idleness, dishonesty.
2000 Farmers Weekly 18 Feb. (Farmlife section) 1/4 Then there's the paperwork—a particular hate of hers.
2. Army slang. During the First World War (1914–18): a bombardment by German artillery. Frequently in morning hate, evening hate. Now historical.With humorous reference to the German ‘Hymn of Hate’ (hymn of hate n. at hymn n. 2b), ridiculed in a cartoon by Frank Reynolds which appeared in Punch (24 Feb. 1915) 150, depicting a German family wearing expressions of hatred and bearing the caption ‘Study of a Prussian household having its morning hate’.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > [noun] > bombardment
battery1548
cannonade1562
cannonading1637
bombarding1687
bomb battery1695
bombardment1702
cannon fire1725
bombard1807
shelling1860
hate1915
barrage1916
box barrage1916
creeping barrage1916
area bombardment1918
area shoot1919
shoot1941
stonk1944
1915 Standard (London) 5 June 8/2 I walked into the Huns' ‘morning hate’ at Ypres this morning.
1915 D. O. Barnett Let. 4 July in In Happy Memory 204 There are some unhealthy spots, ‘Suicide Corner’, ‘Deadman's Alley’ and others, where they drop shells regularly, trying to catch our transport at night. We call it the ‘Evening Hate’.
1927 E. Thompson These Men thy Friends 112 He was watching a spasmodic ‘hate’ of some violence.
1968 D. Reeman Pride & Anguish x. 180 I'm going to turn in, Sub. I want a couple of hours before the night's ‘hate’ gets going.
2013 P. Doyle & C. Foster Remembering Tommy 168 Shellfire, spent bullets, gas, the morning ‘hate’—all could spell immediate and random death and wounding.
Phrases
P1. †to have in (a) hate [compare classical Latin odiō habēre] : to hate (a person or thing); to detest, loathe. Obsolete.Cf. quot. eOE2 at hete n.1
ΚΠ
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Amos v. 10 Thei hadden in hate the repreuynge man.
a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) l. 158 (MED) Alle þei hadde hym in hate for his holy werkes.
a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) ii. f. ccxxiv/2 A relygyouse that shall haue in a hate the delectacyons of the flesshe.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 77v We haue þe in hate as our hed ffoo.
1591 N. Breton Bowre of Delights sig. C4v Truth hath in hate to heare a fained tale.
1625 R. Sheldon Serm. preached at Paules Crosse 52 From vs, who haue in hate all the markes and Characters of the Beast.
P2.
a. in hate (with): filled with hatred, loathing, animosity (for); feeling a strong dislike (towards). Opposed to in love (with) at love n.1 Phrases 2b.
ΚΠ
1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) iv. v. sig. li Whan ony is in hate & dyscencyon with [Fr. en haingue & dissencion auec] his neyghboure.
?1605 J. Davies Wittes Pilgrimage sig. H2 I am in hate with thee, and thou with me.
1819 Examiner 22 Aug. 537/1 For my part, Ma'am, my happier fate At present is to be in hate.
1877 Weekly Irish Times 4 Aug. 6/7 Dost thou, being in hate with cheer, Love melancholy's voice to hear?
1941 P. Hamilton Hangover Square i. iv. 24 You might say he wasn't really ‘in love’ with her: he was ‘in hate’ with her. It was the same thing—just looking at his obsession from the other side.
1999 Observer (Nexis) 4 July 25 It's the honeymoon period in reverse—you're both so madly in hate with each other that you can't think straight.
2015 S. Tromly Trouble is Friend of Mine vii. 52 She and I were in hate at first sight.
b. to fall in hate (with) [after to fall in love at love n.1 Phrases 2a] : to become filled with hatred, loathing, animosity (for); to begin to feel a strong dislike (towards). Opposed to to fall in love at love n.1 Phrases 2a.
ΚΠ
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 67/1 Least with his neighbour he doe fall in hate & wrathfull stryfe.
1606 Returne Knight of Poste from Hell sig. E3v He shall wholy giue himselfe ouer to detraction and falling in hate with al things.
1765 H. Walpole Let. 13 Sept. (1840) V. 68 I have already fallen in love with twenty things, and in hate with forty.
1838 W. N. Glascock Land Sharks & Sea Gulls II. ii. xii. 72 From that moment, instead of being in love, he fell in hate with me.
1872 Frank Leslie's Chimney Corner 26 Oct. 355/3 I think I shall buy property in this county... I have fallen in hate with the town.
1924 S. P. Sherman McNaught's Monthly Apr. 208 They begin to bore each other; they begin to fall in hate.
1996 Jrnl. Contemp. Psychotherapy Mar. 65 (title) The couple who fell in hate.
2012 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 12 Nov. (Weekend section) 9 The baking club has been a cupcake-free zone from day one. I took one look at the trend and fell in hate with every one of them.
P3. Originally and chiefly U.S. to have (also take) a hate on (also against): to feel a strong dislike towards, to hate; to take a strong dislike to.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > dislike > dislike greatly [verb] > dislike actively
to have (also take) a hate on (also against)1892
1892 Burlington (Iowa) Hawk-eye 29 July 7/4 I ask all having a hate against me for the crime I committed for forgiveness.
1918 N. W. Putnam in Sat. Evening Post 1 June 6/1 Jim took a hate on this Von Hoffman bird the minute he laid eyes on him.
1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 38 Have a hate against, actively to dislike a person or thing.
1966 ‘S. Woods’ Let's choose Executors 220 She seemed to have a complete hate on him.
1997 San Jose (Calif.) Mercury News (Nexis) 16 Mar. (Sports section) d1 These are two teams that have kind of a hate against each other.
Compounds
C1.
a.
(a) attributive, with the sense ‘characterized by hate; intended or aiming to stir up hate’, as hate literature, hate song, hate tactic, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > [adjective] > designed to stir up hatred
hate1819
1819 Examiner 22 Aug. 537/1 A Hate Song.
1897 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 6 Dec. 5/2 Irishmen had written plenty of hate poems.
1916 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 21 July 12/7 The official Cologne Gazette published the following excellent example of ‘hate literature’: ‘Among those who are guilty of involving Europe in a bath of blood Lord Northcliffe is perhaps the guiltiest of all.’
1949 ‘G. Orwell’ Nineteen Eighty-four i. 5 The economy drive in preparation for Hate Week.
1968 Times 27 Apr. 10/7 A protest against German chauvinism and..in particular, against the German hate song Gott strafe England.
1990 Los Angeles Times 11 Oct. e1/5 The hate tactics used against our children have pushed us to fight back.
2006 S. P. Ramet Three Yugoslavias xiv. 381 Some three years of officially sponsored hate propaganda in Serbia..were having their effect.
(b)
hate campaign n.
ΚΠ
1908 Daily Bull. (Brownwood, Texas) 14 Jan. 2/1 The inauguration of a hate campaign in Texas that would spend its fury about the stalwart person of Senator Bailey.
1959 Daily Tel. 18 May 6/2 Hence, perhaps, the decision to revert to ‘Western imperialism’ as target of a fresh hate-campaign in Iraq.
2005 M. Aziz in C. Harvey Human Rights in Community xi. 203 Incitement legislation..ensures that the right to freedom of religion is not undermined by hate campaigns against religious groups.
hate group n.
ΚΠ
1938 Salt Lake Tribune 20 Nov. 8/3 (headline) Dies will seek ban on ‘hate’ groups.
1997 D. L. Cloud Control & Consol. Amer. Culture & Politics (1998) Introd. p. xi At the grassroots level, right-wing militias and hate groups such as the Ku Klux Klan have become more prominent.
2013 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 10 May (HS section) 9 Examples of cyber-bullying include students setting up hate groups on social networking sites calling for specific teachers to be sacked.
hate letter n.
ΚΠ
1823 L. Hunt in Liberal 2 339 The greatest provocation to write a hate-letter is in answer to a treacherous friend.
1906 Conservator June 50/2 I have sworn to write no more hate letters. All my letters henceforth shall be letters of love.
2007 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 10 July (Sports section) c1 He receives hate letters. Ugly, angry, racist hate letters.
hate message n.
ΚΠ
1939 Nevada State Jrnl. 18 Apr. 1/7 Chancellor Adolf Hitler..ordered the Reichstag to meet..to hear his answer to what the Nazi controlled press described as President Roosevelt's ‘hate message’.
1966 H. Waugh Pure Poison (1967) xii. 71 Have you or your wife ever received hate phone calls or hate messages before?
2013 Daily Tel. 30 May 7/1 Facebook will review the way in which it moderates posts after a spate of incidents involving hate messages towards women.
b. Objective and instrumental, forming adjectives, as hate-bearing, hate-fuelled, hate-maddened, etc.
ΚΠ
1595 W. Covell Polimanteia sig. Yv Glittering hate-working gold.
1600 J. Bentley Harmonie holie Script. 432 The sundry conflicts which he [sc. the Prophet Dauid] had with his hate-bearing enemie King Saule.
1865 Once a Week 21 Jan. 119/2 Some horrid hate-inspiring thing.
1873 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 153/1 Outgrowing hate-bearing prejudices in the genial atmosphere of home, I have reformed.
1891 Gentleman's Mag. May 481 This hate-inspired merciless portrayal of provincials and priests.
1937 B. H. L. Hart Europe in Arms xxii. 284 To use force without limit..may be instinctive in a hate-maddened mob, but it is the negation of statesmanship.
1995 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 30 Sept. a3 Enforcing a peace in such a militarized and hate-fueled region could easily require more muscle than mediation.
2001 R. M. O'Neil First Amendment & Civil Liability iv. 72 A filter which blocks access to a number of Web sites..identified as hate-bearing.
C2. † hate-wile n. [translating Old English heteþanc hate-filled thought ( < hete n.1 + thank n.)] Obsolete rare (in plural) hate-filled schemes.
hate figure n. a person regarded with contempt, hostility, or hatred, esp. by the general public.
ΚΠ
1963 Financial Times 30 May 15 Mr. Cannon has become the Communists' chief hate-figure in the E.T.U.
1996 C. Hill Liberty against Law x. 130 As the higher clergy have lost power, lawyers have succeeded them as hate-figures.
2015 Daily Mirror (Ireland ed.) (Nexis) 31 Jan. 35 Once you've turned from national treasure to close to a hate figure it can be hard to come back from the brink.
hate-filled adj. full of hatred; very hostile.
ΚΠ
1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. viii. in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 675/1 What are all your national Wars, with their Moscow Retreats, and sanguinary hate-filled Revolutions, but the Somnambulism of uneasy Sleepers?
1940 Astounding Sci.-Fiction Sept. 15/1 I've got to keep you alive in a hate-filled world until you're past this helpless state of childhood.
2015 P. Iganski & J. Levin Hate Crime vii. 49 Thanks to the internet, lonely and hate-filled youngsters can now..visit hundred of hate websites.
hate list n. (a) a (notional or real) list of people or things regarded with hostility, enmity, or hatred; (b) (in weakened use, esp. humorously) a (notional or real) list of people or things regarded as irritating, annoying, or otherwise objectionable.
ΚΠ
1912 Bedford (Indiana) Weekly Mail 4 Oct. 1/3 Crazy P. Butler..looked over his hate list, and he has a large one.
1951 Washington Post 9 Sept. f2/5 Housewives rate cleaning of the house or apartment as top on their ‘hate list’.
1994 N. Parker Parkhurst Tales iii. 25 John and I both knew that, as new arrivals, we would be blamed, and we would be top of the screws' ‘hate list’.
2015 Daily Mirror (N. Ireland ed.) (Nexis) 11 Oct. 28 Marmite..was seventh on the hate list.
hate-love n. an emotional state in which both hate and love are experienced towards a particular person or thing; now chiefly attributive, designating a relationship characterized by this emotional state; cf. love-hate n. at love n.1 Compounds 6.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > [noun] > conflicting emotion combining love and hate
ambivalence1912
hate-love1915
love-hate1925
love-hatred1928
the mind > emotion > hatred > [noun] > conflicting emotion combining love and hatred
ambivalence1912
hate-love1915
love-hate1925
love-hatred1928
1915 J. C. Powys Visions & Revisions 244 This monstrous hate-love, caressing the bruises itself has made, and shooting forth a forked viper-tongue of cruelty from between the lips that kiss.
1962 Listener 5 July 11/2 He consciously contrasts his teaching with that of the object of his hate-love.
2006 R. Kyle Evangelicalism (2009) viii. 269 Throughout their history, evangelicals have had a hate-love relationship with American culture.
hate mail n. originally U.S. (a) propaganda sent by post promoting hatred or hostility towards a particular social group, faith, etc.; (b) letters or emails containing hostile, abusive, or threatening comments sent, usually anonymously, to an individual or group (now the usual sense); cf. hate letter n. at Compounds 1a(b).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > correspondence > letter > mail > [noun] > type of
first class1863
second class1863
local1879
third class1891
registered1914
junk mail1921
direct mail1930
mailing shot1936
V-Mail1942
sea-mail1951
hate mail1954
certified mail1955
Mailgram1969
1954 N.Y. Times 1 Aug. 53/1 (headline) Curbs on ‘hate’ mail few in present law.
1961 Press-Courier (Oxnard, Calif.) 3 Feb. 20/6 Between the election and the inauguration, security men were somewhat surprised by the volume of ‘hate mail’ that poured in on Kennedy.
1976 New Yorker 1 Mar. 21/2 The bulk of the mail from voters to the two select committees has been ‘hate mail’, accusing their members of treasonous conduct.
2015 Daily Tel. 21 May 23/1 Some years ago, I wrote..an article no one will let me forget; that made me the target of hate mail and hate blogs.
hate philtre n. [after love philtre n. at love n.1 Compounds 6] now rare a potion or drug intended to arouse hatred towards a particular person.
ΚΠ
1852 M. V. Fuller Fresh Leaves from Western Woods v. 267 A necromancer, and dealer in love and hate philters.
1905 H. R. Haggard Ayesha x. 150 I was made mad by a hate-philtre which that old Rat..gave me in my drink.
1969 J. H. Adamson & H. F. Folland Shepherd of Ocean xviii. 378 She therefore went to an astrological quack who..provided women with love and hate philtres.
hate preacher n. originally U.S. a person, esp. a spiritual leader, who preaches or advocates hatred or hostility against a particular group, faith, etc.
ΚΠ
1916 America 13 May 120/2 They who were elected to represent a whole people..are now self-seeking bigots, tools in the hands of..vilifiers, hate-preachers.
1975 Creston (Iowa) News Advertiser 15 Apr. 9/8 Malcolm X was a man..stereotyped as a hate-preacher but whose struggle for self-creation parallels the agony of an entire people.
2014 Hansard Commons 9 June 247 I have excluded more foreign hate preachers than any Home Secretary before me.
hate speech n. originally U.S. (a) a speech or address inciting hatred or intolerance, esp. towards a particular social group on the basis of ethnicity, religious beliefs, sexuality, etc.; (b) (as a mass noun) speech (or sometimes written material) inciting such hatred or intolerance.
ΚΠ
1938 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald 29 Sept. 21/8 Hitler's single hate speech did more to alienate the world from Germany than anything he has done.
1981 Los Angeles Times 14 May e6 Those of us who are seeking to limit hate speech are not dealing with ‘false or doubtful evidence’.
1994 S. Walker Hate Speech i. 1 Almost every country prohibits hate speech directed at racial, religious, or ethnic groups.
1999 M. Bunge Sociology-philosophy Connection vi. 109 He even believes in the right to bear arms, join vigilante groups, and make hate speeches.
2008 Time Out N.Y. 17 Jan. 69/4 The proliferation of hate speech, casual libel and general vitriol in the online universe.
hate-watch v. transitive to watch (a television programme, performer, etc., considered inferior or irritating) in a spirit of mockery, as a form of entertainment.In quot. 2005 showing an earlier use of the verbs hate and watch in apposition rather than the compound verb hate-watch.
ΚΠ
2005 in Amer. Speech (2013) 88 198 [‘]You hate him—so you watch the show.[’] Since the ratings have gone down for three weeks in a row now, how many are staying around to hate/watch him?]
2008 L. Robertson www.lyndsayism.com 11 Jan. (blog, Internet Archive Wayback Machine 16 Jan. 2008) (heading) Let's drink box wine and hatewatch Lifetime.
2012 Brandon (Manitoba) Sun 23 May b6/4 If I convinced myself I was hate-watching ‘Jersey Shore’, not merely watching it, would I..find amusement in its boozy, horny nincompoops?
2014 H. M. Lodge Table by Window xv. 158 If I'm bored, I hate-watch the Food Network.
ΚΠ
1895 W. Morris & A. J. Wyatt tr. Tale of Beowulf 17 He with his hate-wiles Of sudden harms framed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
hatev.
/heɪt/, U.S. /heɪt/ 1.
a. transitive. With simple object. To feel intense or passionate dislike towards (a person or thing); to feel strong animosity towards; to loathe, detest (opposed to love v.1 1a). In later use also in weakened sense: to dislike, regard with distaste (cf. sense 2).See also to hate (a person's) guts at gut n. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > hate inwardly or intensely [verb (transitive)]
hateeOE
i-veec975
nitheOE
inhatea1529
maligna1535
misbelove1545
stand1869
(I, etc.) wouldn't be seen (or found) dead in, with1924
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Tiber.) (Junius transcript) (1871) xxxiii. 222 Lufiað eowre fiend, & doð þæm wel þe eow ær hatedon [OE Corpus Cambr. hatedon; L. oderunt].
lOE tr. Honorius Augustodunensis Elucidarium in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 141 Hit is gewriten þæt God ne hateð nan þære þingen þe he geworhte.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 5 He..turneð his herte to forleten and hatien his senne.
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 67 (MED) Luue ða ȝekynde, and hate his euel!
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14863 We hine hatiȝen uulleð.
a1350 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 26 (MED) Hyrdmen hem hatieþ, ant vch mones hyne, for eueruch a parosshe heo polkeþ in pyne.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John xv. 24 Thei han seyn, and hatid me and my fadir.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 11429 We awe to hate þat þei [a1450 Lamb. hat hem þat hem] haf hated.
a1450 York Plays (1885) 213 (MED) Oure olde lawes as nowe þei hatte.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 45 I hait him with my hert.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 120 Eche of them almost of necessitie must hate the other, whome yet they haue had no iudgement to loue.
1635 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Donzella Desterrada iii. 181 Shee hated her selfe for suffering her resolution to bee overcome.
1692 E. Settle Fairy-Queen iv. 34 I am sure you hate me in your Heart.
1716 J. Addison Freeholder No. 53 Our Children..are taught in their Infancy to hate one half of the Nation.
1782 W. Cowper Let. 23 Nov. (1981) II. 94 Though I love my Country I hate its follies and its Sins.
1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto I lxi. 33 I hate a dumpy woman.
1867 ‘Ouida’ Cecil Castlemaine's Gage 1 She was hated by Whig beauties with virulent wrath.
1907 H. Wyndham Flare of Footlights viii. 68 ‘I hate matinées,’ exclaimed Miss Assheton. ‘Giving two shows in one day quite tires me out’.
1943 A. M. Lindbergh Diary 21 Feb. in War within & Without (1980) 327 I feel conscious of how I hate the house—with an almost physical revulsion.
2010 H. Jacobson Finkler Question ii. 50 Was there a woman out there who hated him that much? Mentally, he went through the list.
b. intransitive. To experience feelings of intense dislike or animosity, esp. towards another person.
ΚΠ
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxiv. 10 Þonne beoð manega ungetrywsode & belæwað betwyx him & hatigað him betwynan.
a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 5168 For other must I loue or hate.
1480 Curia Sapiencie (Caxton) sig. bvv If with mankynd my fader wyl debate When he them seeth, he mowe no lenger hate.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 185 Þai hatid in hert as any hed fos.
1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. F2 Seruants amend, and maisters leaue to hate.
1619 R. Ley in R. Ley & J. Squire 2 Serm. i. 39 Hee gaue counsell, his loue should not be too earnest, but so to loue that he may thinke of a time to hate.
1676 G. Towerson Explic. Decalogue 357 That it is not unlawful simply to hate, is evident from hence, that it is a Natural Passion of the Soul.
1730 P. Lancaster Daubuz's Perpetual Comm. Revelation (rev. ed.) 82 To hate is to forsake.
1797 C. Bingham Columbian Orator 249 Causeless to hate, is not of human kind.
1807 tr. A. von Kotzebue Novellettes II. 123 No human being will continue to hold the same opinions at the age of fifty, as he embraced at twenty:..he will love and hate in a very different manner.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1880) II. xv. 158 She hated easily; she hated heartily; and she hated implacably.
1911 Ohio Teacher Mar. 319/2 We no longer hate, we seek to understand.
1966 E. V. Kohák tr. P. Ricoeur Freedom & Nature ii. ii. 263 To love and to hate is to anticipate the future joy and sorrow of being united with the beloved object or separated from the hated object.
2005 R. Zacharias Lamb & Führer 70 They want to kill, while I teach them that even to hate is wrong.
2. transitive. With clause as object, in weakened sense: to dislike strongly; to regard with great distaste; (also) to undertake with reluctance.
a.
(a) With infinitive, or object and infinitive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > dislike > dislike greatly [verb]
hatec1325
to drink, eat, have, take, etc. one's fill1861
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 5903 Þis godemon seint dunston Hatede muche to crony hym.
c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. iv. l. 106 Haten to don heor harlotrie.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 4565 (MED) Tantalus..Hatyng to stryve where he saw no nede.
1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) vii. xxviii. sig. tvi/2 That yu hatest to be done to the, do yu it not to an other.
?a1534 H. Medwall Nature ii. sig. G.iv Of all thynge erthly I hate to fast.
1578 T. Blenerhasset 2nd Pt. Mirrour for Magistrates f. 5v They tel howe at Trisemenus they sped, In Cannas feeldes how they despoyled were: They hate to tel, they lothe that hap to heare.
1607 F. Beaumont Woman Hater ii. i. sig. D2v I hate to leaue my friend in his extremities.
1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler To Rdr. sig. A vjv I hate to promise much, and fail. View more context for this quotation
1725 E. W. Amorous Bugbears 27 I am not of your Church, for I hate to walk up Hill with Peas in my Shoes.
1779 Lady's Mag. Oct. 528/1 She hated to have children affect to be what was called womanly.
1847 E. Brontë Wuthering Heights I. x. 230 I say let them alone, because I should hate them to be wronged.
1897 D. Sladen in Windsor Mag. Jan. 278/2 Dickens..hated to have to blot his manuscripts while he was writing.
1935 Times 16 Mar. 13/5 The love of round numbers,..is common among people who hate to look like pernickety pedants.
1989 J. Trollope Village Affair i. 7 Martin hated her to talk about his private money; he was very secretive about it.
2014 L. S. Glaz Preacher's New Family iii. 36 I'd hate to think a church-going man could be that heartless.
(b) spec. In apologies or expressions of regret or embarrassment, followed by a clause introduced by but. Chiefly in I hate to ——: I'm sorry to ——; I am reluctant to ——.
ΚΠ
1836 Southern Literary Messenger 2 346/2 We hate to be over-critical, but would recommend to the ‘Octogenarian’ to take the veritable Jack Downing or John Beedle, as his models, before he writes again.
c1860 M. Thomson Lady of Lake iii. 23 I hate to trouble you, but we must fight.
1893 Semi-weekly State Jrnl. (Lincoln, Nebraska) 26 Sept. 2/5 I hate to mention it, dear, but I must tell you that business has been awfully poor lately.
1927 A. Philip Painted Cliff xiv. 153 ‘I hate to bother you,’ apologized Foghorn from the doorway, ‘but there's a feller here wants to muck-a-muck.’
1988 E. Segal Doctors xxxvi. 548 I hate to be a party-pooper, but I've got to catch the last plane back to Boston.
2007 A. Theroux Laura Warholic xxiii. 339 I hate to say this, but don't you see that you are with her because you feel a failure?
b. With gerund, or with object followed by a gerund.
ΚΠ
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) i. f. 24v I hate going into that countrey.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. vii. 401 (margin) She hated coming to the Court.
1678 A. Behn Sir Patient Fancy ii. i. 21 I hate being confin'd to dull cringing.
1709 D. Manley Secret Mem. 118 She hated being oblig'd to another, for what she thought her own due.
1792 C. Smith Desmond III. xxv. 338 I hate writing long letters.
1856 C. H. H. Ion Lester vi. 48 I hate people being generalised into one approved pattern.
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles II. xxvii. 87 The easy-going, who hate being bothered.
1914 H. James Let. 19 Sept. in H. James & E. Wharton Lett. (1990) vi. 301 I earnestly pray that I may find you still on the spot. I quite hate your going.
1989 E. Gilchrist Light can be both Wave & Particle 183 I hate getting old, Saint John, it sucks to hell and back.
2015 Heat 28 Mar. 19/2 She hates people talking about her in this way.
c. Originally U.S. With for, indirect object, and infinitive: to be very unwilling to see something occur or be done. Often in I would hate for (the specified thing to happen).Cf. earlier uses with simple object and infinitive at sense 2a(a) (e.g. quot. 1847).
ΚΠ
1882 Salt Lake Daily Tribune 14 Feb. He was so..courteous to me that I would hate awfully for him to get into trouble.
1894 Shiner (Texas) Gaz. 3 May Our commissioner is a mighty good man, and I would hate for us to loose [sic] him.
1921 Sandusky (Ohio) Star-Jrnl. 19 Jan. 1/7 They..treated me so good. I would hate for them to know what kind of a wife you had.
1979 Sci. Fiction Rev. Jan. 50/1 You hate for this tale to end.
1987 J. Franklin Molecules of Mind (1988) xvi. 212 I'd hate for us to just give everyone who's unhappy a happy pill.
2004 Tampa Tribune (Nexis) 6 Mar. Metro 2 I would hate for my children to see this.
d. Chiefly North American. With that-clause: to be very unhappy or dissatisfied that; to find it intolerable that.
ΚΠ
1899 Saline County (Illinois) Reg. 6 Jan. Resolved. Not to do anything that when it is done I will hate that I did it.
1957 Statesville (N. Carolina) Record & Landmark 31 July I sure hate that I can't go.
1980 Duncanville (Texas) Suburban 1 May 2/4 He just decided to drop out of the [presidential election] race. I hated that he did for I had already decided to vote for him.
1995 G. M. Thompson Time to go Home 37 I hated that I was never allowed to feel what I felt.
2012 Vanity Fair Sept. 357/1 ‘I hate that you're wearing a douchey T-shirt under your shirt,’ Harry immediately responded.
3. transitive. Of a plant or (less commonly) an animal: to have a tendency to fail to grow or thrive in (a particular kind of situation or environment). Opposed to love v.1 4.
ΚΠ
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. clxxvii. 1070 Also þe vyne hateþ [L. odit] raphanus and alle maner caule, and hateþ also haseles.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 60 The Leeke delyghteth in good ground, and hateth [L. odit] watry ground.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xviii. xiiii. 572 Chalkie grounds onely and myrie it [sc. the lupin] hateth [L. odit], and therein it will not grow.
1670 J. Evelyn Sylva (ed. 2) ix. 58 A light, and dry Mould is best..which above all things this Tree [sc. the Mulberry] affects, and hates watery low grounds.
1710 tr. S. de Sainte-Marthe Pædotrophiæ iii. 236 in tr. C. Quillet Callipædiæ The Myrtle Tree..Which hates the Cold.
1848 Gardeners' Chron. 29 July 510/1 Earwigs and woodlice hate a wet situation, and are always found in the driest places.
1895 Jrnl. Hort., Cottage Gardener & Home Farmer 11 July 26/1 It [sc. cabbage] hates shade.
1906 Gardening Illustr. 21 July 284/2 It [sc. the Japan Oak Fern] loves moisture, and hates hot sun.
1998 P. Lanza Lasagna Gardening 149/3 (table) Pearly everlasting... Blooms midsummer to fall..; hates hot, humid summers.
2010 R. L. Fox Thoughtful Gardening iii. 217 Echinaceas hate a wet winter soil, not a dry summer one.
4. transitive. U.S. colloquial (originally in African-American usage). to hate on ——: to express strong dislike for (someone or something); to criticize or abuse (esp. a person).
ΚΠ
1998 ‘Usher’ in Vibe June 100/1 ‘My Way’ is..about a guy who was hating on me about his girl. I wasn't really doing nothing with her because I knew that I could get away with him thinking that I did.
2002 Ebony July 28/2 If you still want to be a ‘hater’, there are plenty of people left for you to hate on.
2005 Los Angeles Sentinel 6 Jan. a7/3 We must..combat the ignorant men and women who hateon each other.
2015 C. Slater Game On v. 55 Tracy, nobody is hating on you... Trust me, my sistah, I have more valuable things to do with my time.
Phrases
In various intensifying phrases, as to hate (something) like the devil (also the plague, etc.), to hate more than anything, to hate mortally, etc.See also to hate like poison at poison n. 1b.
ΚΠ
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xlvi. 353 Mid ful ryhte hete ic hie hatode [L. perfecto odio oderam illos].
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3428 His aȝene heredmen hine to deaðe hateden.
c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) cxxxviii. 21 (MED) Ich hated hem wiparfite hate [L. Perfecto odio oderam illos].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13070 Herodias him hated to ded.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie H 234 They doo hate eche other deadly.
1607 tr. Turkes Secretorie 16 This hath alwaies beene the common vice and fault of tyrants; free states they hate to death.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World i. 8 The Spaniards they hate mortally.
1709 J. Swift Mrs. Harris's Petition in Baucis & Philemon (new ed.) 12 He hates to be call'd Parson, like the Devil.
1777 J. Strutt Regal & Eccl. Antiq. Eng. (new ed.) xiv. 27 Her husband's life (which she deadly hated) was prolonged.
1826 W. Hazlitt Plain Speaker I. x. 251 We secretly persuade ourselves that there is no such thing as excellence. It is that which we hate above all things.
1869 J. S. C. Abbott Romance Spanish Hist. xviii. 375 The heir-apparent..was exasperated in seeing all the power of the kingdom in the hands of Godoy, whom he mortally hated.
1966 F. Bogdanow Romance of Grail iii. 73 From now on Agravain hates his brother mortally.
1986 E. Diggs Goodbye Freddy 58 You know I hate that more than anything!
2015 S. T. Murray tr. N. Neuhaus Ice Queen 334 Everybody knows that you hate Thomas like the plague.
Compounds
hate-Christ adj. now rare that hates Christ; antichristian. [Apparently attested earlier as a surname: Hatecrist (no forename specified, 1166), Hugo Hatecrist (1176), Willelmus Hatecrist (1242–3). Some instances of such surnames could instead be interpreted as showing hight v.1 (see α. forms at hight v.1), but compare the parallel of Alanus Shunecrist (1228) and Willelmus Sonecrist (1275), both apparently showing shun v.]
ΚΠ
1599 J. Sylvester tr. J. Du Nesme Miracle Peace in Fraunce 44 That hate-Christ Tyrant will in time become The Lord and Soueraigne of all Christendome.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Triumph of Faith in tr. Deuine Weekes & Wks. 555 The Bridge it was For hate-Christ Turks the Hellespont to passe.
1965 Northwest Arkansas Times 22 Nov. 15/3 It isn't as if the atheists, agnostics, and hate-Christ folks had founded these benevolent institutions.
ΚΠ
1599 J. Sylvester tr. J. Du Nesme Miracle Peace in Fraunce 30 Yee hate-peace hacksters flesht in massacres.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [adjective] > hating or shunning light
hate-light1583
1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. ix. 456 Through speech of hate light pick-thankes.
1637 N. Whiting Le Hore di Recreatione 98 My encloystring in this hate-light den.
1657 N. Billingsley Brachy-martyrologia 9 Fling m'into an hate-light Dungeon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [adjective] > having a coat > that shrinks from defilement
hate-spota1586
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1593) ii. sig. N2 Which leaded are with siluer skinne, Passing the hate-spott Ermelin.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Ermine, the (hate-spot) Ermeline.
1647 R. Baron Εροτοπαιγνιον iii. 72 Her faire infolded eares, high front, nose, chin Resemble the hate-spot Emerlin.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.c1175
v.eOE- flash-ken
- flash-lamp
- flash-lighting
- flash-lock
- flash-man
- flash-mark
- flash-meter
- flash-over
- flash-pan
- flash-photolyse
- flash-photolysed
- flash-pipe
- flash-rim
- flash-roast
- flash-spotter
- flash-spotting
- flash-test
- flash-water
- flash-weir
- flash-wheel
- flashback
- flashbacks
- flashbang
- flashbang device
- flashbang grenade