Hardangern.

Brit.

/ˈhɑːdaŋə/, U.S.

/ˈhɑrdæŋər/

Forms: also with lower-case initial.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Hardanger.

Etymology: < Hardanger, the name of a district in western Norway, where the violin and embroidery were originally made.In Hardanger fiddle n. after Swedish Hardangerfela (1840 in the passage translated in quot. 1843 for Hardanger fiddle n., or earlier; < Hardanger + fela (17th cent.; now regional or poetic), variant of fidla fiddle n.); compare Norwegian (Nynorsk) Hardingfela (1894 or earlier). In Hardanger violin after Swedish Hardangerfiol (1840 in the passage translated in quot. 1843 for Hardanger fiddle n., or earlier; < Hardanger + fiol viol n.¹).

I. Compounds.

1. Hardanger fiddle n. a traditional Norwegian violin, with four bowed strings and four or five metal sympathetic strings below the fingerboard (see sympathetic strings at sympathetic adj. 1e), typically having a short, straight neck and an ornately inlaid body. Also Hardanger violin.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > violin > other types of violin

gue1809

Hardanger fiddle1843

Hardanger violin1843

sarangi1851

gusle1869

sultana1876

erhu1908

phonofiddle1923

1843 tr. F. Bremer Strife & Peace 10/2 From Hallingdale went forth the national-dance, the Hallinger, and only the Hardanger-Fela (Hardanger violin) can rightly give out its wild, strange rhythm.

1844 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Strife & Peace (new ed.) in New Sketches Every-day Life II. 188 Shilling after shilling danced down into the little gaily painted Hardanger-fiddle.

1873 H. Smith Tent Life with Eng. Gipsies in Norway xxxvi. 430 Noah took the Hardanger violin, if it was one, under his arm.

1900 Grove's Dict. Music (ed. 2) IV. 663/1 The Halling…is accompanied on the Hardanger fiddle.., a violin strung with four stopped and four sympathetic strings.

1950 T. Oleson & E. O. Xan Wisconsin, my Home 91 A Hardanger violin..was brought from Norway... It was all inlaid with mother-of-pearl and at the end there was a gilded head like on the prow of a Viking ship.

2006 fRoots Mar. 81/1 Rolf Myklebust plays polsdanses, reinlenders and waltzes on the ordinary fiddle, an instrument more widespread in Norway than the hardanger fiddle.

2. attributive. Designating a type of white work embroidery associated with the Hardanger district of Norway, characterized by geometric patterns mainly worked in satin stitch. Also: designating a fabric, typically an evenweave cotton, used for or decorated with this embroidery.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [adjective] > embroidered > other

broched?1510

raised1548

set-stitched1761

chikan1858

Strasbourg1871

Richelieu1878

rococo1879

Holbein1881

Hardanger1893

Mountmellick1893

1893 Catal. Exhib. Norway at World's Columbian Expos., Chicago 64 Hardanger Embroidery. (1) Tablecloth; (2) Napkin; (3) Shirt; (4) Apron.

1903 Waterloo (Iowa) Daily Courier 8 Aug. 6/4 (advt.) Hardanger cloth for Norwegian embroidery.

1930 tr. T. de Dillmont Encycl. Needlework (rev. ed.) 580 This border is a specimen of the Norwegian openwork known under the name of ‘Hardanger’ embroidery.

1979 V. Colton Reader's Digest Compl. Guide Needlework 86 The work is generally done on Hardanger fabric, an even-weave with, as a rule, 22 pairs of threads per inch.

2009 H. Kendrick Stitch-opedia 116/3 The basic feature of Hardanger work is the kloster block, which is always worked at right angles to its neighboring kloster block.

II. Simple uses.

3. Hardanger embroidery; (also) Hardanger fabric.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > other types of embroidery

cutwork1470

Alexandrinec1500

loose work1548

Irish stitch1560

opus anglicumc1840

opus anglicanum1848

chikan1858

straw embroidery1862

Greek embroidery1882

Hardanger1904

Assisi1923

hedebo1932

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > woven > made by specific method of weaving

footwork1568

set1780

stocking1812

reed1823

stocking-web1843

handloom1867

terry1879

Hardanger1904

ikat1931

rip-stop1945

1904 Premium List Wisconsin State Fair 108 Embroidery... Piece of Hardanger... [1st. prize $]2.00.

1978 N. Jones Embroidery 40/1 Suitable fabrics include those which have threads woven in pairs, such as Hardanger, and whose weave is easy to see.

2003 Quilter's Newsletter Mag. Sept. 73/1 The needlework motifs include net embroidery, hardanger, crochet, tambour work, needle lace, and bobbin lace.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hardanger
释义	Hardangern. Brit. /ˈhɑːdaŋə/, U.S. /ˈhɑrdæŋər/ Forms: also with lower-case initial. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Hardanger. Etymology: < Hardanger, the name of a district in western Norway, where the violin and embroidery were originally made.In Hardanger fiddle n. after Swedish Hardangerfela (1840 in the passage translated in quot. 1843 for Hardanger fiddle n., or earlier; < Hardanger + fela (17th cent.; now regional or poetic), variant of fidla fiddle n.); compare Norwegian (Nynorsk) Hardingfela (1894 or earlier). In Hardanger violin after Swedish Hardangerfiol (1840 in the passage translated in quot. 1843 for Hardanger fiddle n., or earlier; < Hardanger + fiol viol n.¹). I. Compounds. 1. Hardanger fiddle n. a traditional Norwegian violin, with four bowed strings and four or five metal sympathetic strings below the fingerboard (see sympathetic strings at sympathetic adj. 1e), typically having a short, straight neck and an ornately inlaid body. Also Hardanger violin. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > violin > other types of violin gue1809 Hardanger fiddle1843 Hardanger violin1843 sarangi1851 gusle1869 sultana1876 erhu1908 phonofiddle1923 1843 tr. F. Bremer Strife & Peace 10/2 From Hallingdale went forth the national-dance, the Hallinger, and only the Hardanger-Fela (Hardanger violin) can rightly give out its wild, strange rhythm. 1844 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Strife & Peace (new ed.) in New Sketches Every-day Life II. 188 Shilling after shilling danced down into the little gaily painted Hardanger-fiddle. 1873 H. Smith Tent Life with Eng. Gipsies in Norway xxxvi. 430 Noah took the Hardanger violin, if it was one, under his arm. 1900 Grove's Dict. Music (ed. 2) IV. 663/1 The Halling…is accompanied on the Hardanger fiddle.., a violin strung with four stopped and four sympathetic strings. 1950 T. Oleson & E. O. Xan Wisconsin, my Home 91 A Hardanger violin..was brought from Norway... It was all inlaid with mother-of-pearl and at the end there was a gilded head like on the prow of a Viking ship. 2006 fRoots Mar. 81/1 Rolf Myklebust plays polsdanses, reinlenders and waltzes on the ordinary fiddle, an instrument more widespread in Norway than the hardanger fiddle. 2. attributive. Designating a type of white work embroidery associated with the Hardanger district of Norway, characterized by geometric patterns mainly worked in satin stitch. Also: designating a fabric, typically an evenweave cotton, used for or decorated with this embroidery. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [adjective] > embroidered > other broched?1510 raised1548 set-stitched1761 chikan1858 Strasbourg1871 Richelieu1878 rococo1879 Holbein1881 Hardanger1893 Mountmellick1893 1893 Catal. Exhib. Norway at World's Columbian Expos., Chicago 64 Hardanger Embroidery. (1) Tablecloth; (2) Napkin; (3) Shirt; (4) Apron. 1903 Waterloo (Iowa) Daily Courier 8 Aug. 6/4 (advt.) Hardanger cloth for Norwegian embroidery. 1930 tr. T. de Dillmont Encycl. Needlework (rev. ed.) 580 This border is a specimen of the Norwegian openwork known under the name of ‘Hardanger’ embroidery. 1979 V. Colton Reader's Digest Compl. Guide Needlework 86 The work is generally done on Hardanger fabric, an even-weave with, as a rule, 22 pairs of threads per inch. 2009 H. Kendrick Stitch-opedia 116/3 The basic feature of Hardanger work is the kloster block, which is always worked at right angles to its neighboring kloster block. II. Simple uses. 3. Hardanger embroidery; (also) Hardanger fabric. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > other types of embroidery cutwork1470 Alexandrinec1500 loose work1548 Irish stitch1560 opus anglicumc1840 opus anglicanum1848 chikan1858 straw embroidery1862 Greek embroidery1882 Hardanger1904 Assisi1923 hedebo1932 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > woven > made by specific method of weaving footwork1568 set1780 stocking1812 reed1823 stocking-web1843 handloom1867 terry1879 Hardanger1904 ikat1931 rip-stop1945 1904 Premium List Wisconsin State Fair 108 Embroidery... Piece of Hardanger... [1st. prize $]2.00. 1978 N. Jones Embroidery 40/1 Suitable fabrics include those which have threads woven in pairs, such as Hardanger, and whose weave is easy to see. 2003 Quilter's Newsletter Mag. Sept. 73/1 The needlework motifs include net embroidery, hardanger, crochet, tambour work, needle lace, and bobbin lace. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1843
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