单词 | hard-set |
释义 | hard-setadj. 1. Beset by difficulty or trouble; in a difficult position, in difficulty; (in later use esp.) hard put to it to do something (see put v. Phrases 2b). Cf. hard adv. 2a and to be hard set at set v.1 122b.Quot. a1387 shows the past participle of aset v. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective] > having difficulty > beset with difficulties poseletc1390 withstad14.. ystadea1440 mireda1522 hard-set1572 hard-pressed1707 necessitous1711 hard pushed1785 hard-run1834 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 55 Þere he [sc. Hannibal] was harde a sette [L. infestatus] foure dayes wiþ Galles.] 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 449 I sall hald that I haue hecht, bot I be hard set. 1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xxxvi. 313 When I was hunting one [sc. a fox], he being hard sett, and but litle before the doggs and the hunters, caught in his mouth the bough of a croked ashetree. 1753 Pædo-baptism ii. 37 As his conclusion is now come to it's last legs; so it will be hard set, to maintain it's ground. 1757 Mother-in-law II. iv. 47 They must be hard set indeed, before they would feed upon all Skin and Bone, without any Flesh. 1829 T. C. Grattan Traits of Trav. II. 92 The peasants understood no other language, and I was hard set to work my way, with the scanty knowledge I possessed. 1866 H. H. Brownell War-lyrics 76 A caitiff blow, (Foully dealt on a hard-set foe), Ever is underwise. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 221 I have sent for some books..Until they arrive, I shall be rather hard-set. 1904 M. M. Bodkin Patsey the Omadaun 166 He was hardset to persuade himself it was that that ailed him. 1930 Times of India 22 Jan. 16/1 Music lovers who have a trial hearing of both [recordings] will be hard set to make a decision to buy one and not the other. 1943 Galveston (Texas) Tribune 30 Jan. 4/1 Even John Kieran would be hard-set to trip him on any subject. 2005 Sunday Tribune (Ireland) (Nexis) 25 Sept. n5 A nine-month-old child is hard set to sit up at that age, never mind sit in its own seat. 2. Of liquid, soil, etc.: set so as to be hard or firm. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [adjective] > hardened yharded1297 hardeneda1425 hardedc1425 starkeda1500 enharded1523 indurate1531 stonied1590 over-hardened1612 obdured1619 immarbled1641 stockfished1654 obdurate1743 hard-set?1781 ?1781 J. Ringsted Farmer vi. 60 The hop malady, called the Mould,..is found where the surface of the land is hard set and flat. 1813 R. Wilson Private Diary II. 448 More like Egypt's alluvium during the inundation than hard-set soil. 1890 Nature 16 Oct. 602/1 Beds of rigid lava and hard-set ash. 1954 Ann. Brit. School Athens 49 111 I came across a round tower..; it was built of small stones, ill-cut and rendered in all the joints with hard-set clay. 1992 N. Curry Walking to Santiago 10 A candlestick carved from a single stem of juniper, with traces of scented beeswax still hard-set in the bowl. 2009 Sun (Nexis) 18 Apr. (TV Mag.) 14 I don't like a posh jelly—a very hardset cheap jelly is okay! 3. Determined, resolute; obstinate; (also) firmly fixed in one's mind. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolution or determination > [adjective] stallc1275 unflichinga1340 adviseda1393 affirmed1440 constant1481 resolved1518 resolute1522 well-settled?1532 ratified1533 unbashed1536 bent1548 well-resolved1565 unabashed1571 determinate1587 undaunted1587 peremptory1589 confirmed1594 decretal1608 pight1608 intent1610 definitivea1616 unshrinkinga1616 naylessa1618 pitched1642 decisive1658 martyrly1659 certain1667 fell1667 decretory1674 martyrial1678 decretorian1679 invariable1696 unflinching1728 hell-bent1731 decided1767 determined1773 iron-headed1787 adamantine1788 unwincing1802 stick-at-nothing1805 adamant1816 hard-set1818 rock-like1833 bound1844 do-or-die1851 unbased1860 focused1888 capable de tout1899 purposive1903 go-for-broke1946 hard rock1947 take-no-shit1992 the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] starkOE moodyOE stithc1000 stidyc1175 stallc1275 harda1382 stubbornc1386 obstinate?1387 throa1400 hard nolleda1425 obstinant?a1425 pertinacec1425 stablec1440 dour1488 unresigned1497 difficultc1503 hard-necked1530 pertinatec1534 obstacle1535 stout-stomached1549 hard-faced1567 stunt1581 hard-headed1583 pertinacious1583 stuntly1583 peremptory1589 stomachous1590 mulish1600 stomachful1600 obstined1606 restive1633 obstinacious1649 opinionated1649 tenacious1656 iron-sided1659 sturdy1664 cat-witted1672 obstinated1672 unyielding1677 ruggish1688 bullet-headed1699 tough1780 pelsy1785 stupid1788 hard-set1818 thick and thin1822 stuntya1825 rigwiddie1826 indomitable1830 recalcitrant1830 set1848 mule-headed1870 muley1871 capitose1881 hard-nosed1917 tight1928 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian i, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. II. 4 It's a hard-set willyard beast this o' mine. 1869 S. Smith David Lloyd's Last Will II. vi. 78 He saw Clough seated on the chair nearest the door, in an attitude of unconscious but unmistakable doggedness, with a face expressive of a hard-set and stubborn determination. 1904 Physical Culture Aug. 143/2 John's stubborn, hard-set mind was beginning to reassert its common sense. 1973 Boys' Life Jan. 11/1 He was very hard-set in his ideas of right and wrong, and he didn't bend. 1998 H. M. Hyman Craftsmanship & Char. 252 Elkins only partially and unsystematically modified certain of his hard-set convictions concerning V&E's [= Vinson & Elkins'] governance. 4. Of a person's face, jaw, expression, etc.: rigidly set, esp. as expressing or characteristic of determination. ΚΠ 1827 ‘Delta’ Auld Robin Gray in A. A. Watts Lit. Souvenir 304 He was a tall, lour-shouthered carle..wi' strong, hard-set features, and a brown, three-story wig. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud iv. iv, in Maud & Other Poems 16 I..smile a hard-set smile, like a stoic. 1918 Boys' Life Nov. 57/2 Dashing the sweat out of their hard-set eyes, they work on. 1995 S. Krinard Star Crossed 322 Rook turned to him with narrowed eyes and hard-set jaw, blatantly menacing. 2005 Western Mail (Nexis) 28 Feb. 20 He saw a face full of reason but hard-set and plain, framed by closely cropped hair. 5. Of a bird's egg: in which incubation is well advanced. Cf. set v.1 15d. ΚΠ 1844 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 14 June 6/1 The third [nest] has four eggs, hard-set. 1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 339 Some say it is the hardset eggs he [sc. the snake] prefers. 1949 Ibis 91 660 I came across several nests near Elisabethville, finding both fresh and hard-set eggs in early February. 2011 Herald Express (Torquay) (Nexis) 2 July (Features section) 16 Two or three eggs in the nest meant they were hard set... If you boiled them you risked the chance of having an embryo chick staring up at you when you opened the shell top. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1572 |
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