ardentadj.

/ˈɑːdənt/

Forms: Middle English–1500s ardaunt, Middle English hardaunt, ardant, Middle English– ardent.

Etymology: < Old French ardant < Latin ardēntem , present participle of ardēre to burn, subsequently assimilated to Latin: see -ant suffix¹.

1. Burning, on fire, red-hot; fiery, hot, parching.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > very > burning hot

fire-hotOE

fieryc1300

ferventa1400

ardentc1440

firous?1504

fervid1599

torrid1611

flamatious1688

flaming1694

phlogistic1777

c1440 Morte Arth. 193 Sewes..Ownd of azure alle over and ardant þem semyde.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xviii. 107 Fyre so ouer moche ardaunt hote.

c1530 A. Barclay Egloges ii. sig. Jiij ^v Though thou sholde peryshe, for veray ardent thrust.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 160 Ardent feuers.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 118 Receptacles of molten ore, and ardent liquids within the cavities of mountains.

1882 Nature 21 Sept. 504/1 The sun was not very ardent.

2. Inflammable, combustible. Obsolete except in the phrase ardent spirits, in which the meaning of ardent is now usually referred to their fiery taste: cf. Latin ardentis Falerni pocula.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective] > going on fire > inflammable

ardent1471

inflammable1605

touchy1629

accendible1630

ignitable1646

fiery1657

fireable1662

flagrable1669

deflagrablea1691

flammable1813

pyrotechnic1837

1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy in Ashm. 1652, 190 Waters corrosyve and waters ardent [i.e. acids and spirits].

1674 W. Petty Disc. before Royal Soc. 93 The Spirituosity of Liquors, or in what proportions several Liquors contein more or less of inflameable or ardent parts.

1690 T. Burnet Theory of Earth iii. 63 Inflammable salts, coal and other fossiles that are ardent.

1832 D. Brewster Lett. Nat. Magic iv. 79 Spirits of wine, or any ardent spirit.

†3. That burns like vitriol; corrosive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > corroded > corrosive

corrosivec1386

cankeringa1450

succorrosive?1541

caustic1555

corsive1576

mordant1601

corroding1605

corrodiating1640

diabrotic1775

ardent1799

corrodent1835

aggressive1888

1799 tr. Laboratory (ed. 6) II. xiii. 437 An Ardent Water to engrave Steel deeply... Take a sponge, dipt into ardent water.

4. Glowing or gleaming like fire; flaming, fierce.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > light emitted in particular manner > [adjective] > glowing

burningc1000

glowingc1000

flaming?a1400

rutilanta1460

glenta1529

steaminga1542

ardent1603

flaring1633

glowy1670

aflame1680

coalish1686

flushing1728

incandescent1867

smouldering1898

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals (1657) 117 Fixing his eyes fast upon a fiery and ardent mirror.

1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. ii. 525 From Rank to Rank she darts her ardent Eyes.

1827 T. Hood Plea Midsummer Fairies iv, in Plea Midsummer Fairies & Other Poems 3 Fish..Quenching their ardent scales in watery gloom.

5. figurative. Glowing with passion, animated by keen desire; intensely eager, zealous, fervent, fervid:

a. of persons and their faculties; transferred of ships.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > [adjective] > vehemently or passionately desirous

wildc725

ardentc1374

fierce1377

flagrant?1521

zealous1526

passionatea1530

heady1543

concupiscentious1555

passionative1593

luxurious1614

mada1627

concupitive1651

sultry1671

hot-tempered1673

ardurousa1770

wild1811

nympholeptic1818

concupiscenta1834

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > [adjective] > vehement or passionate (of desire)

ardentc1374

scaldingc1400

enrageda1586

fervorous1602

warm1668

society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [adjective] > coming quickly into the wind

ardent1867

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. iii. 121 Ȝif he [be] ardaunt in auarice.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 288/2 He was the more ardaunt to martirdome.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 95 Yf we desyre wyth pure affecte & ardent mynd.

1539 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye (1823) 51 He was of all the apostels moste ardent in fayth.

1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II II. xiv. 30 Ardent to behold him, after an absence of several years.

1848 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy Past & Present II. i. 20 Many an ardent patriot.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Ardent, said of a vessel when she gripes or comes to the wind quickly.

b. of emotions and their expression.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective]

hotOE

anguishous?c1225

fire-burningc1275

burninga1340

ardentc1374

warm1390

fervent14..

fieryc1430

fired1561

feverous1576

glowinga1577

fervorous1602

ferventeda1627

tropica1631

torrid1646

fervid1656

candenta1687

ardurousa1770

tropical1795

aestuous1844

thermal1866

thermonous1888

the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [adjective] > (of love) ardent or passionate

ardentc1374

rapta1500

passionate1534

feverous1576

on flame1656

ardurousa1770

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. xii. 106 Þe most ardaunt loue of hys wiif.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. aij/2 Their grete strength & ryght ardaunt courage.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxii. 196 He finds an ardent desire to speak.

1745 E. Young Complaint: Night the Eighth 36 Pray'r ardent opens Heav'n.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 174 His zeal for Episcopacy..was now more ardent than ever.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ardent
释义	ardentadj. /ˈɑːdənt/ Forms: Middle English–1500s ardaunt, Middle English hardaunt, ardant, Middle English– ardent. Etymology: < Old French ardant < Latin ardēntem , present participle of ardēre to burn, subsequently assimilated to Latin: see -ant suffix¹. 1. Burning, on fire, red-hot; fiery, hot, parching. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > very > burning hot fire-hotOE fieryc1300 ferventa1400 ardentc1440 firous?1504 fervid1599 torrid1611 flamatious1688 flaming1694 phlogistic1777 c1440 Morte Arth. 193 Sewes..Ownd of azure alle over and ardant þem semyde. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. xviii. 107 Fyre so ouer moche ardaunt hote. c1530 A. Barclay Egloges ii. sig. Jiij ^v Though thou sholde peryshe, for veray ardent thrust. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 160 Ardent feuers. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 118 Receptacles of molten ore, and ardent liquids within the cavities of mountains. 1882 Nature 21 Sept. 504/1 The sun was not very ardent. 2. Inflammable, combustible. Obsolete except in the phrase ardent spirits, in which the meaning of ardent is now usually referred to their fiery taste: cf. Latin ardentis Falerni pocula. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective] > going on fire > inflammable ardent1471 inflammable1605 touchy1629 accendible1630 ignitable1646 fiery1657 fireable1662 flagrable1669 deflagrablea1691 flammable1813 pyrotechnic1837 1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy in Ashm. 1652, 190 Waters corrosyve and waters ardent [i.e. acids and spirits]. 1674 W. Petty Disc. before Royal Soc. 93 The Spirituosity of Liquors, or in what proportions several Liquors contein more or less of inflameable or ardent parts. 1690 T. Burnet Theory of Earth iii. 63 Inflammable salts, coal and other fossiles that are ardent. 1832 D. Brewster Lett. Nat. Magic iv. 79 Spirits of wine, or any ardent spirit. †3. That burns like vitriol; corrosive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > corroded > corrosive corrosivec1386 cankeringa1450 succorrosive?1541 caustic1555 corsive1576 mordant1601 corroding1605 corrodiating1640 diabrotic1775 ardent1799 corrodent1835 aggressive1888 1799 tr. Laboratory (ed. 6) II. xiii. 437 An Ardent Water to engrave Steel deeply... Take a sponge, dipt into ardent water. 4. Glowing or gleaming like fire; flaming, fierce. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > light emitted in particular manner > [adjective] > glowing burningc1000 glowingc1000 flaming?a1400 rutilanta1460 glenta1529 steaminga1542 ardent1603 flaring1633 glowy1670 aflame1680 coalish1686 flushing1728 incandescent1867 smouldering1898 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals (1657) 117 Fixing his eyes fast upon a fiery and ardent mirror. 1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. ii. 525 From Rank to Rank she darts her ardent Eyes. 1827 T. Hood Plea Midsummer Fairies iv, in Plea Midsummer Fairies & Other Poems 3 Fish..Quenching their ardent scales in watery gloom. 5. figurative. Glowing with passion, animated by keen desire; intensely eager, zealous, fervent, fervid: a. of persons and their faculties; transferred of ships. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > [adjective] > vehemently or passionately desirous wildc725 ardentc1374 fierce1377 flagrant?1521 zealous1526 passionatea1530 heady1543 concupiscentious1555 passionative1593 luxurious1614 mada1627 concupitive1651 sultry1671 hot-tempered1673 ardurousa1770 wild1811 nympholeptic1818 concupiscenta1834 the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > [adjective] > vehement or passionate (of desire) ardentc1374 scaldingc1400 enrageda1586 fervorous1602 warm1668 society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [adjective] > coming quickly into the wind ardent1867 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. iii. 121 Ȝif he [be] ardaunt in auarice. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 288/2 He was the more ardaunt to martirdome. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 95 Yf we desyre wyth pure affecte & ardent mynd. 1539 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye (1823) 51 He was of all the apostels moste ardent in fayth. 1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II II. xiv. 30 Ardent to behold him, after an absence of several years. 1848 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy Past & Present II. i. 20 Many an ardent patriot. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Ardent, said of a vessel when she gripes or comes to the wind quickly. b. of emotions and their expression. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective] hotOE anguishous?c1225 fire-burningc1275 burninga1340 ardentc1374 warm1390 fervent14.. fieryc1430 fired1561 feverous1576 glowinga1577 fervorous1602 ferventeda1627 tropica1631 torrid1646 fervid1656 candenta1687 ardurousa1770 tropical1795 aestuous1844 thermal1866 thermonous1888 the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [adjective] > (of love) ardent or passionate ardentc1374 rapta1500 passionate1534 feverous1576 on flame1656 ardurousa1770 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. xii. 106 Þe most ardaunt loue of hys wiif. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. aij/2 Their grete strength & ryght ardaunt courage. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxii. 196 He finds an ardent desire to speak. 1745 E. Young Complaint: Night the Eighth 36 Pray'r ardent opens Heav'n. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 174 His zeal for Episcopacy..was now more ardent than ever. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.c1374
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