hard cheesen.int.

Brit.

/ˌhɑːd ˈtʃiːz/, U.S.

/ˌhɑrd ˈtʃiz/

Forms: see hard adj. and n. and cheese n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., cheese n.¹

Etymology: < hard adj. + cheese n.¹ In sense 2 as a humorous alteration of hard luck n. Compare post-classical Latin caseus durus (1297 in a British source), Middle French, French fromage dur (a1490 as †formage dur).

1. Any of various types of cheese having a firm texture; such cheeses collectively. Also: cheese that has become dry and stale.Now frequently applied specifically to very firm, dry cheeses such as Parmesan.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > varieties of cheese

goat cheeseOE

green cheesec1390

rowen cheesea1425

bred-cheesec1440

hard cheesec1470

ruen cheese1510

parmesan1538

spermyse1542

angelot1573

cow-cheese1583

goat's cheese1588

Cheshire Cheese1597

eddish-cheese1615

nettle cheese1615

aftermath cheese1631

marsolini1636

Suffolk cheese1636

Cheddar cheesea1661

rowen1673

parmigianoa1684

raw-milk cheesea1687

fleet cheese1688

sage-cheese1714

Rhode Island cheese1733

Stilton cheese1736

Roquefort cheese1762

American cheese1763

fodder cheese1784

Old Peg1785

blue cheese1787

Dunlop cheese1793

Wiltshire1794

Gloucester1802

Gruyère1802

Neufchâtel1814

Limburger cheese1817

Dunlop1818

fog cheese1822

Swiss cheese1822

Suffolk thumpa1825

Stilton1826

skim dick1827

stracchino cheese1832

Blue Vinney1836

Edam1836

Schabzieger1837

sapsago1846

Munster1858

mysost1861

napkin cheese1865

provolone1865

Roquefort1867

Suffolk bang1867

Leicester1874

Brie1876

Camembert1878

Gorgonzola1878

Leicester cheese1880

Port Salut1881

Wensleydale1881

Gouda1885

primost1889

Cantal1890

Suisse1891

bondon1894

Petit Suisse1895

Gervais1896

Lancashire1896

Pont l'Évêque1896

reggiano1896

Romano1897

fontina1898

Caerphilly cheese1901

Derby cheese1902

Emmental1902

Liptauer1902

farmer cheese1904

robiola1907

gjetost1908

reblochon1908

scamorza1908

Cabrales1910

Jack1910

pimento cheese1910

mozzarella1911

pimiento cheese1911

Monterey cheese1912

processed cheese1918

Tillamook1918

tvorog1918

anari1919

process cheese1923

Bel Paese1926

pecorino1931

Oka1936

Parmigiano–Reggiano1936

vacherin1936

Monterey Jack1940

Red Leicester1940

demi-sel1946

tomme1946

Danish blue1948

Tilsit1950

St.-Maure1951

Samsoe1953

Havarti1954

paneer1954

taleggio1954

feta1956

St. Paulin1956

bleu cheese1957

Manchego1957

Ilchester1963

Dolcelatte1964

chèvre1965

Chaource1966

Windsor Red1969

halloumi1970

Montrachet1973

Chaumes1976

Lymeswold1981

cambozola1984

yarg1984

c1470 (?1458) W. Wey Itineraries (1857) 7 (MED) Whan ye schal ryde to flvm Jordan take wyth yow..bred, wyne, water, hard chese, and hard eggys.

1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. A.ii Beware of cowe creme and..Iouncat for these wyll make your souerayne seke but he ete harde chese.

1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xiii. sig. G.iii^v There is .iiii. sortes of chese: whiche is to saye, grene chese, softe chese, harde chese, and spermyse.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxviii. xvii. 337 Some use hard cheese made of goats milke and porret together.

1675 C. Cotton Burlesque upon Burlesque 49 Far better here thou shalt be fed, Than with hard crusts of dry brown-bread, Sowre milk, salt butter, and hard cheese.

1716 Nature Display'd v. 177 A white Chalkey Matter that is contained in the Gouty Nodes, much of the Colour and Hardness of a hard Cheese.

1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 60 I have often found that people who make Cream Cheese, find more casualty attend them, than in leaner, hard Cheese, owing to chillness, or being froze before they get hard.

1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul v. vi. 537 Each horseman carries provisions, consisting of bread and Kooroot, (a sort of hard cheese), and a large leathern bottle of water.

1893 J. Oliver in J. P. Dowling & F. McCaffrey Pract. Dairying for Austral. xv. 155 A hard cheese, the blue-vein Dorset..is much liked for its mould flavour.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 355/1 A perfect Leicester is perhaps the most attractive of all the so-called ‘hard’ cheese.

1957 ‘K. Curragh’ Lady into Cook 68 Cheese Soufflé…4 tablespoons grated cheese (Parmesan or any hard cheese).

2012 N.Y. Times Mag. 16 Dec. 44/2 My favorite holiday cheese is a hard cheese called vasterbotten, which comes from a northern region in Sweden.

2. colloquial (originally and chiefly British). Hard luck. Also as int. Cf. hard cheddar n. and int. at hard adj. and n. Compounds 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck

un-i-limpOE

unlimpc1175

mishap?c1225

unhap?c1225

mishappeningc1230

ames-ace?a1300

misadventure?a1300

ill hailc1300

misauntera1325

untiminga1325

miscasec1325

mischancec1325

misfall1340

misfarea1387

casec1390

infortunea1393

mishapping?a1400

unchancea1400

disadventurea1413

mischieving1432

infortuny?a1439

encumbermentc1440

misfortune1441

evil hail?c1450

malfortunea1470

unhappiness1470

maleurtee?1473

malheur?1473

evil health1477

unfortune1483

wanfortunea1500

disfortune1509

wanhap1513

ill, evil ch(i)eving?1518

mislucka1530

ill luck1548

unfortunacy?c1550

evilfare1556

unluck1556

hard luck1567

bad luck1575

miscasualty1588

disgrace1590

wanchance1599

disventure1612

misaccident1620

miscarriagec1625

hard lines1722

mishanter1754

malefit1755

miscanter1781

hard cheese1854

hard cheddar1893

schlimazel1911

tough luck1912

snake eyes1918

catch-arse1970

1854 Times 15 Sept. 5/5 I frankly confessed that it was very ‘hard cheese’ with me, and that I would freely take anything I could to keep me afloat.

1876 I. Banks Manch. Man III. x. 175 It's hard cheese for a man to owe everything to his father-in-law.

1922 F. Hamilton P. J.: Secret Service Boy v. 192 ‘Hard cheese!’ condoled Mr. Davenant.

1973 J. I. M. Stewart Mungo's Dream xxii. 270 It was hard cheese on him coming up against another top-class specimen.

2006 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 30 Nov. 46/2 Original sin may be hard cheese, but the real bitch is Eternal Recurrence.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hard cheese
释义	hard cheesen.int. Brit. /ˌhɑːd ˈtʃiːz/, U.S. /ˌhɑrd ˈtʃiz/ Forms: see hard adj. and n. and cheese n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., cheese n.¹ Etymology: < hard adj. + cheese n.¹ In sense 2 as a humorous alteration of hard luck n. Compare post-classical Latin caseus durus (1297 in a British source), Middle French, French fromage dur (a1490 as †formage dur). 1. Any of various types of cheese having a firm texture; such cheeses collectively. Also: cheese that has become dry and stale.Now frequently applied specifically to very firm, dry cheeses such as Parmesan. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > varieties of cheese goat cheeseOE green cheesec1390 rowen cheesea1425 bred-cheesec1440 hard cheesec1470 ruen cheese1510 parmesan1538 spermyse1542 angelot1573 cow-cheese1583 goat's cheese1588 Cheshire Cheese1597 eddish-cheese1615 nettle cheese1615 aftermath cheese1631 marsolini1636 Suffolk cheese1636 Cheddar cheesea1661 rowen1673 parmigianoa1684 raw-milk cheesea1687 fleet cheese1688 sage-cheese1714 Rhode Island cheese1733 Stilton cheese1736 Roquefort cheese1762 American cheese1763 fodder cheese1784 Old Peg1785 blue cheese1787 Dunlop cheese1793 Wiltshire1794 Gloucester1802 Gruyère1802 Neufchâtel1814 Limburger cheese1817 Dunlop1818 fog cheese1822 Swiss cheese1822 Suffolk thumpa1825 Stilton1826 skim dick1827 stracchino cheese1832 Blue Vinney1836 Edam1836 Schabzieger1837 sapsago1846 Munster1858 mysost1861 napkin cheese1865 provolone1865 Roquefort1867 Suffolk bang1867 Leicester1874 Brie1876 Camembert1878 Gorgonzola1878 Leicester cheese1880 Port Salut1881 Wensleydale1881 Gouda1885 primost1889 Cantal1890 Suisse1891 bondon1894 Petit Suisse1895 Gervais1896 Lancashire1896 Pont l'Évêque1896 reggiano1896 Romano1897 fontina1898 Caerphilly cheese1901 Derby cheese1902 Emmental1902 Liptauer1902 farmer cheese1904 robiola1907 gjetost1908 reblochon1908 scamorza1908 Cabrales1910 Jack1910 pimento cheese1910 mozzarella1911 pimiento cheese1911 Monterey cheese1912 processed cheese1918 Tillamook1918 tvorog1918 anari1919 process cheese1923 Bel Paese1926 pecorino1931 Oka1936 Parmigiano–Reggiano1936 vacherin1936 Monterey Jack1940 Red Leicester1940 demi-sel1946 tomme1946 Danish blue1948 Tilsit1950 St.-Maure1951 Samsoe1953 Havarti1954 paneer1954 taleggio1954 feta1956 St. Paulin1956 bleu cheese1957 Manchego1957 Ilchester1963 Dolcelatte1964 chèvre1965 Chaource1966 Windsor Red1969 halloumi1970 Montrachet1973 Chaumes1976 Lymeswold1981 cambozola1984 yarg1984 c1470 (?1458) W. Wey Itineraries (1857) 7 (MED) Whan ye schal ryde to flvm Jordan take wyth yow..bred, wyne, water, hard chese, and hard eggys. 1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. A.ii Beware of cowe creme and..Iouncat for these wyll make your souerayne seke but he ete harde chese. 1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xiii. sig. G.iii^v There is .iiii. sortes of chese: whiche is to saye, grene chese, softe chese, harde chese, and spermyse. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxviii. xvii. 337 Some use hard cheese made of goats milke and porret together. 1675 C. Cotton Burlesque upon Burlesque 49 Far better here thou shalt be fed, Than with hard crusts of dry brown-bread, Sowre milk, salt butter, and hard cheese. 1716 Nature Display'd v. 177 A white Chalkey Matter that is contained in the Gouty Nodes, much of the Colour and Hardness of a hard Cheese. 1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 60 I have often found that people who make Cream Cheese, find more casualty attend them, than in leaner, hard Cheese, owing to chillness, or being froze before they get hard. 1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul v. vi. 537 Each horseman carries provisions, consisting of bread and Kooroot, (a sort of hard cheese), and a large leathern bottle of water. 1893 J. Oliver in J. P. Dowling & F. McCaffrey Pract. Dairying for Austral. xv. 155 A hard cheese, the blue-vein Dorset..is much liked for its mould flavour. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 355/1 A perfect Leicester is perhaps the most attractive of all the so-called ‘hard’ cheese. 1957 ‘K. Curragh’ Lady into Cook 68 Cheese Soufflé…4 tablespoons grated cheese (Parmesan or any hard cheese). 2012 N.Y. Times Mag. 16 Dec. 44/2 My favorite holiday cheese is a hard cheese called vasterbotten, which comes from a northern region in Sweden. 2. colloquial (originally and chiefly British). Hard luck. Also as int. Cf. hard cheddar n. and int. at hard adj. and n. Compounds 4. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck un-i-limpOE unlimpc1175 mishap?c1225 unhap?c1225 mishappeningc1230 ames-ace?a1300 misadventure?a1300 ill hailc1300 misauntera1325 untiminga1325 miscasec1325 mischancec1325 misfall1340 misfarea1387 casec1390 infortunea1393 mishapping?a1400 unchancea1400 disadventurea1413 mischieving1432 infortuny?a1439 encumbermentc1440 misfortune1441 evil hail?c1450 malfortunea1470 unhappiness1470 maleurtee?1473 malheur?1473 evil health1477 unfortune1483 wanfortunea1500 disfortune1509 wanhap1513 ill, evil ch(i)eving?1518 mislucka1530 ill luck1548 unfortunacy?c1550 evilfare1556 unluck1556 hard luck1567 bad luck1575 miscasualty1588 disgrace1590 wanchance1599 disventure1612 misaccident1620 miscarriagec1625 hard lines1722 mishanter1754 malefit1755 miscanter1781 hard cheese1854 hard cheddar1893 schlimazel1911 tough luck1912 snake eyes1918 catch-arse1970 1854 Times 15 Sept. 5/5 I frankly confessed that it was very ‘hard cheese’ with me, and that I would freely take anything I could to keep me afloat. 1876 I. Banks Manch. Man III. x. 175 It's hard cheese for a man to owe everything to his father-in-law. 1922 F. Hamilton P. J.: Secret Service Boy v. 192 ‘Hard cheese!’ condoled Mr. Davenant. 1973 J. I. M. Stewart Mungo's Dream xxii. 270 It was hard cheese on him coming up against another top-class specimen. 2006 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 30 Nov. 46/2 Original sin may be hard cheese, but the real bitch is Eternal Recurrence. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.int.c1470
随便看	chieftainry chieftains chieftainship chieftainships chieftenant chieftess chiefty chiefy chield chields chien lung chievance chieve chiever chiffchaff chiffchaffs chiffney-bit chiffneybit chiffon chiffon pie chiffonade chiffonaded chiffonades chiffoner chiffonest