1931 Acta Archaeologica II. 131 The balk-enclosed fields were cultivated by means of a plough without the mould-board, a primitive plough of the type which in Nordic languages is called ard, arl or ahl.

1936 Acta Archaeologica VII. 244/1 In the Bronze Age the soil was cultivated with the ard, as is evidenced by the rock carvings in Bohuslän.

1946 R. C. Priebsch & W. E. Collinson German Lang. (ed. 2) i. i. 16 They cleared the woods..and then tilled the ground with a wheel-less ard-plough.

1950 Oxoniensia 15 9 On the Berkshire Downs, the use of a light plough or ‘ard’ is implied by the deliberate avoidance of the clay soils which we have noted.

1960 Antiquity XXXIV. 144 The Donneruplund ard was found in 1944 and is dated to the middle of the 1st millennium b.c.

1974 J. Bulman tr. Glob Mound People vi. 148 The earth was treated with a plough of the kind known as an ard that does not turn the soil over as the plough does, but cuts broad furrows in it.

1978 Rescue News Dec. 4/2 We are fortunate to have found a set of plough-marks, made by a single-share ard plough, preserved on a patch of clay.