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单词 hazel
释义

hazeln.adj.

Brit. /ˈheɪzl/, U.S. /ˈheɪzəl/
Forms:

α. early Old English aesil, early Old English haesel, early Old English haesil, early Old English haesl, Old English hæsel, Old English hæsl, Old English hæsl- (inflected form), Old English hæsyl, early Middle English asel, Middle English hasul, Middle English hasulle, Middle English hasyl, Middle English–1500s hasil, Middle English–1500s hasill, Middle English–1500s hasille, Middle English–1600s hasell, Middle English–1600s haselle, Middle English–1700s hasel, Middle English–1700s hasele, Middle English–1700s hasle, 1500s hasyll, 1500s hasylle, 1500s–1600s haysell, 1500s–1600s hazell, 1500s– hazel, 1600s hassel, 1600s hassell, 1600s hassle, 1600s– hazle (now nonstandard), 1700s haizle, 1900s– 'azel (nonstandard); English regional (chiefly north midlands and northern) 1800s hasle, 1800s hazzel, 1800s hazzle; also Scottish 1700s hazzle, 1800s haizle, 1800s hasill, 1800s hasle.

β. early Old English hel (transmission error), Old English hiesel (rare), late Old English–Middle English hesel, Middle English heselle, Middle English hesil, Middle English hesill, Middle English hesul, Middle English hesyl, Middle English hesyll, Middle English hesylle, 1500s heasle, 1500s heisell, 1500s hesell; English regional (chiefly north midlands and northern) 1800s heusel (Essex), 1800s hezal, 1800s hezel, 1800s hizzle, 1800s– hezzel, 1800s– hezzle, 1900s hizzel, 1900s– hessle; Scottish pre-1700 heasell, pre-1700 heasill, pre-1700 heissill, pre-1700 hesill, pre-1700 hessil, pre-1700 hessill, pre-1700 hesylle, pre-1700 hissell, pre-1700 hissil, pre-1700 hissill, 1700s hesle (Orkney), 1800s–1900s heazle, 1800s–1900s heezle, 1900s heezel (southern), 1900s hezel (southern).

See also halse n.2
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Dutch hasel (only in place names; Middle Dutch hāsel , Dutch hazel (only in compounds and derivatives: the usual word for the tree is now hazelaar (compare -er suffix1)), Old Saxon hasal (in hasalwurt hazelwort n.; Middle Low German hassel , hāsel ), Old High German hasal (Middle High German hasel , German Hasel ), Icelandic hasl , Old Norwegian hasl (Norwegian hassel ), Old Swedish hasl (Swedish hassel ), Danish hassel , (regional) hæssel < the same Indo-European base as classical Latin corulus , corylus (compare corylet n.), Early Irish coll , Old Welsh, Welsh coll . Compare also ( < the same Germanic base, with suffix causing i-mutation) Old Icelandic hesli , Old Swedish häsle (Swedish regional hässle ), Old Danish hæsle (Danish regional hæsle ), apparently originally representing a collective formation. Compare halse n.2The β. forms are of more than one origin: partly reflecting Old English (Mercian and Kentish) forms with e ( < æ ), and partly (especially in northern Middle English and Older Scots) either influenced by or borrowed from early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic hesli and its Scandinavian cognates cited above). The word occurs frequently in Anglo-Saxon charter bounds (compare e.g. quots. eOE, OE, lOE at Compounds 2a), and is also widely attested in place names.
A. n.
1.
a. Any of various temperate deciduous shrubs or small trees constituting the genus Corylus (family Betulaceae), which have simple rounded leaves, pale yellow male catkins, and edible nuts enclosed in leafy involucres. Also with distinguishing word.Different species and cultivars of hazel may be coppiced, or cultivated for their edible nuts or as ornamental garden plants.With quot. eOE2 cf. hazelraw n. at Compounds 2c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > hazel > [noun]
hazeleOE
hazel treea1425
halse1515
wood nut1578
hazelnut1681
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > hazel-nut > hazel-nut tree
hazeleOE
filbert1393
filbert-tree14..
hazel treea1425
wood nut1578
cob-nut1859
eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 14 Corylus, haesil.
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xxxviii. 96 Hæsles ragu & holenrinde niþewearde & gyþrifan, gecnua swiðe wel þa wyrta.
OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 77 Saginus, hwit hæsel.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4337 Hasles [c1300 Otho aseles] þer greowen.
?a1300 Thrush & Nightingale (Digby) l. 3 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 101 Somer is comen wiþ loue to toune,..Þe note of hasel springeþ.
c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 19* De coudre depessez la noys, breke that note of the hasulle.
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 83 It es lyke vnto þe floure of þe hesill, þat springes oute before þe lefes.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 238 Hesyl, tre, corulus.
1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. ccclx If thou desyre grapes, thou goest not to the hasel.
a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) V. 55 The Place wher the Town was ys al over growen with Brambles, Hasylles, and lyke Shrubbes.
1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden xi. 34 What an infinite number of bushes, shrubs, and skrogs of hazels, thornes, and other profitable wood.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals v, in tr. Virgil Wks. 20 Beneath the grateful Shade, Which Hazles, intermix'd with Elms, have made.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Catkin Catkins, the Male Blossoms of Nut-bearing..Trees, &c...; in the Hazel they are long Strums, composed of very small Flowers.
1769 J. Home Fatal Discov. v A dell, whose sloping sides are rough With thick-grown hazel.
1778 Catalogus Arborum et Fruticum (Royal Bot. Garden, Edinb.) 5 Corylus colurna,..Constantinople Hazel.
1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 92 A russet red the hazels gain.
1855 ‘E. S. Delamer’ Kitchen Garden 153 The Variegated and the Purple Hazels are ornamental shrubs in some esteem.
1880 F. von Mueller Sel. Extra-trop. Plants (Indian ed.) 100 This, as well as the European Hazel (Corylus Avellana, L.) and the Japan Hazel (C. heterophylla, Fischer), might be naturalized in forest gullies for their filberts.
1927 J. Buchan Witch Wood iv. 87 The birches were still only a pale vapour, but there were buds on the saughs and the hazels.
1945 Amer. Midland Naturalist 33 554 The most conspicuous tall shrubs were beaked hazel, American hazel, round-leaved dogwood, and round-leaved shadblow.
1995 Garden Nov. 675/1 Hazels..if grown for nuts..should not be coppiced at ground level.
2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees ix. 195 Some of the most beautiful, most iconic, most treasured, and most ecologically and economically significant of temperate broadleaved trees: the oaks, beeches, chestnuts,..hazels,..walnuts, pecans and hickories.
b. Also with distinguishing word as Australian hazel, Victorian hazel. Any of several shrubs or small trees of the genus Pomaderris, esp. hazel pomaderris ( P. aspera), thought to resemble the hazel (genus Corylus). Now rare.
ΚΠ
1827 G. W. Barnard Rep. King Island in Hist. Rec. Austral. (1923) 3rd Ser. VI. 267 A Shrub of which there is considerable quantity,..I shall call the ‘Hazel’ to which it has a similitude, is found commonly in the Creeks of V.D. Land.
1877 Gardeners' Chron. 20 Oct. 491/1 In many places there is a dense undergrowth of Australian Hazel, through which it is difficult to force one's way.
1915 E. Phillpotts My Shrubs 95 The foliage of this Victorian Hazel is effective, but no great interest attaches to the plant.
1954 Illustr. London News 6 Feb. 182 Up the gully sides we plough to reach thickets of thin, straight and tall-growing native hazel (Pomaderris apetala).
1973 D. Wolfe Brass Kangaroo 195 A dense under-forest of blackwoods, hazel, musk and other mountain species struggled towards the dim light above.
c. The plant witch hazel, genus Hamamelis.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > medicinal trees or shrubs > [noun] > non-British medicinal trees or shrubs > witch hazel
oppie1592
witch hazel1737
hamamelis1751
winterbloom1752
wych alder1822
hazel1867
1867 Atlanta Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 8 239 I resorted to it (the hazel) with perfect succes—having only used it for the purpose of preventing abortion, from the effects of the cotton root.
1880 Brit. Med. Jrnl. Advertiser 27 Nov. Hazeline is the most concentrated and efficacious product of the Hazel.
1903 Jrnl. Linn. Soc.: Zool. 29 101 In this generation the insect is winged and leaves the birch to return to the hazel.
1974 Herbicide Rep. (Hazardous Materials Advisory Comm.) 105 The major woody plants that must be kept under control include oak (Quercus spp.),..hazel (Hamamelis spp.), elm (Ulmus spp.), and blackberry (Rubus spp.).
2010 D. Wells Lives of Trees 160 Another garden favorite is the witch hazel, which is a hazel only in name.
d. More fully Chile hazel, Chilean hazel, (formerly † evergreen hazel). A large evergreen tree native to Chile and Argentina, Gevuina avellana (family Proteaceae), having bright green toothed leaves, racemes of small creamy-white flowers, and dark red fruits with edible seeds thought to resemble hazelnuts.
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1871 Ann. Rep. Acclimatisation Soc. Victoria 51 Guevina Avellana, Molina... The evergreen Hazel tree of Chili, growing as far as 30° S.
1876 Official Catal. Nat. & Industr. Products New S. Wales 62 Hazel, Guevina avellana.
1914 Standard Cycl. Hort. I. 27/1 The genera [of Proteaceæ] in cultivation in America are mostly the following: Banksia; Gevuina (Chilean Nut, Chile Hazel), grown in California; [etc.].
1979 Country Life 12 July 94/1 Gevuina avellana, known as the Chilean Hazel, is a handsome evergreen tree with large pinnate leaves of a glistening rich green.
2012 Plymouth Herald (Nexis) 4 Apr. 28 There are..carpets of primroses, shrubs and trees, some of which, for example the evergreen Chilean hazel, Gevuina avellana, are particularly large and rare.
2. The wood or timber of the hazel (genus Corylus); = hazel wood n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > hazel
hazel1381
hazel wood1574
1381 Diuersa Servicia in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 74 After do it on a broche of hasel & do hem to þe fere to roste.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 369 Þere is a lake þat torneþ hasel into asche and asche into hasel.
c1425 tr. J. Arderne Treat. Fistula (Sloane 6) (1910) 74 (MED) Þat he haue a pipe of tree, namely of box, or of hesel..or of salowe.
a1475 Dis. Hawk (Harl. 2340) f. 29v (MED) Make A knyfe of grene hesyll eggyd.
a1500 (?a1400) Tale King Edward & Shepherd (Cambr.) (1930) l. 77 (MED) A stikke i haue to my witnesse -- Off hasill i mene þat hit is.
a1550 (?a1475) Battle of Otterburn (1959) l. 266 (MED) Then on the morne they mayde them beerys Of byrch and haysell graye.
1634 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise (new ed.) xxi. 251 I leave it to their [sc. Anglers'] owne discretion, whether to use either Haysell, or Cane.
1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng Restored 165 Hasle was the material of which the stakes were at first made.
1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. ii. 254 A Rod..made of Red Sallow, Withe or Hazel.
1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. x Nae whip nor spur, but just a wattle O'..hazel.
1819 C. Grotz Art of making Fireworks 6 There are several sorts of wood made use of for this purpose; some prefer hazel, others willow, and others alder.
1876 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 5 442 He made use of no other remedy than a rod of hazel to cure broken bones.
1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps (1919) iii. 31 I cut a walking stick of hazel, and presently struck off the highway up a by-path which followed the glen of a brawling stream.
1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 89/1 Hazel is also still used to peg down thatch.
2009 U. McGovern & P. Jenner Lost Lore 310 Traditionally, dowsers have used Y-shaped twigs, usually of hazel.
3. The fruit of the hazel; a hazelnut; = hazelnut n. 1.Nuts from cultivated hazels may also be called cobnut and filbert.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > hazel-nut
hazelnuteOE
Avellana1398
filberta1400
bannuta1500
cob-nut1574
cob1589
hazel1601
Pontic nut1601
stock-nut1833
Barcelona nut1851
noisette1970
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xv. xxii. 446 As for other nuts, their meat is solide and compact, as we may see in Filberds and Hazels.
a1729 E. Taylor Poems (1960) 194 The Nut of evry kinde..Beech, Hazle, Wallnut, Cocho, Almond brave Pistick or Chestnut in its prickly Cave.
1840 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 25 Mar. 113 Numerous cavities, irregular in size and shape, varying from the size of a hazel to that of a walnut.
1885 E. Balfour Cycl. India (ed. 3) II. 754/1 The nuts have the taste of hazels.
1916 Rep. Proc. Sixth Ann. Meeting Northern Nut Growers Assoc. 40 This particular shrub is rather homely,..but it bears heavily of large thin shelled hazels of the highest quality.
1934 Times 27 Dec. 11/5 We import annually thousands of tons of almonds, walnuts, Brazil nuts, peccans, pine kernels, and hazels.
1999 B. W. Minifie Chocolate, Cocoa, & Confectionery (ed. 3) xix. 542 The almonds and hazels are roasted at a high temperature.
2012 Church Times 21 Dec. 20/1 Hazels..may, strictly, be filberts, with a long husk (full beard) completely enclosing the nut, or cobnuts with a husk shorter than the nut.
4. A stick or rod of hazel wood.With use with reference to corporal punishment cf. oil of hazel, hazel oil at oil n.1 Compounds 2c.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > stick, twig, or rod > from specific tree or place
hazela1613
turf-stick1843
tea-stick1865
a1613 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) xxviii. 276 The horsmens cudgell was to be assised by drawing it throwe a ringe,..and the same to be of a hasell soe as the same might harm.
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Richard II cxxxv, in Poems (1878) III. 170 The Hassle soe will bend (A Rhabdomancie, was observ'd of old) Stretch'd on the Earth, vnto a Mine of Gold.
1677 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation (ed. 2) iv. 71 Let the Angler fit himself with a Hazle of one piece or two set conveniently together.
1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xxi. 143 Mr. Solmes..fell to gnawing the head of his hazel.
1830 Ackermann's Juvenile Forget me Not 22 He cut a hazel from the brake.
1932 in Marquess of Zetland Ld. Cromer i. 24 ‘Now, boys,’ exclaimed Mr. Bickmore cheerfully one evening, ‘I have been into the shrubbery and cut a hazel and an elm stick. The elm is for the boys who can't do their Latin grammar in the morning, and the hazel is for those who can't do their sums.’
1959 M. Jacobs Clackamas Chinook Texts ii. 411 He made quail-cage-traps (of two-feet long hazels).
5. The reddish-brown colour of a ripe hazel nut, or (now more usually) a greenish-brown colour, especially as an eye colour.Earlier in adjectival use: see branch B.
ΚΠ
1691 J. Dunton Voy. round World I. 22 His Eyes are as black as a Coal..with a little dash of yellow in 'em, or else grey, blew, or a lovely Hazle.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 82 The different colours of the eye are the dark hazle, the light hazle, the green, the blue, the grey, the whitish grey.
1805 T. Harral Scenes of Life I. 52 An eye..the index of an intelligent soul; it was a full, bright hazel.
1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned I. ii. 20 Eyes..of a light hazel in their colour.
1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 104 The colours of rose-wood are from light hazel to deep purple, or nearly black.
1945 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 97 60 The flanks, pure white or only very slightly marked with hazel.
2002 G. Duncan I, Lucifer (2003) 189 Elfin eyes of yellowish hazel.
B. adj.
Reddish-brown or (now more usually) greenish-brown; of the colour hazel (see sense A. 5).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [adjective] > reddish brown > nut or chestnut
nut-browna1400
hazeled1548
nut-brown1575
hazel1580
nut-brown1586
chestnut-coloured1636
chestnut1656
chestnut-brown1656
castaneous1688
nutty brown1839
chestnutty1893
nutmeg1965
1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 61 Hir eyes hasill, yet bright, and such were the lightes of Venus.
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. i. 20 Didst not thou fall out with a man for cracking of nuts, hauing no other reason, but because thou hadst hasill eyes. View more context for this quotation
1661 J. Burton Hist. Eriander 98 Eriander was rather of a round than long visage, his eyes of a Hazle or Chesnut colour.
1699 E. Tyson Orang-outang 53 The Iris was of a light hazel Colour.
1745 J. Swift Dick, a Maggot in Misc. X. 227 You know him by his hazel Snout.
1747 G. Edwards Nat. Hist. Birds II. 69 The Eye of a yellowish Hazle Colour.
1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 24 Black and hazle colour soils.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. xix. 178 O'er her white bosom strayed her hazel hair.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby iv. v. 158 Her full dark eye of hazel hue.
1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. viii. ii. 232 In the quick glance of his clear hazel eye.
1922 Jrnl. Educ. (Univ. of Boston School of Educ.) 96 267/1 Her eyes were of hazel hue and so clear they fairly sparkled.
1947 G. M. O'Donnell in A. Tate Southern Vanguard 271 As he laughed, she saw that the mist was gone from his eyes, and in the blue there were hazel flecks that she had not seen before.
2004 Vanity Fair July 148/3 The last few years have put a hard glint in hazel eyes that were once so puppyish.

Compounds

C1. Compounds of the adjective.
a. Modifying colour words to form adjectives and nouns, as hazel brown, hazel green, etc.
ΚΠ
1665 J. Crowne Pandion & Amphigenia 161 Her right Eye being of a Hazel brown.
1764 London Evening-Post 11 Feb. Anne Mewris is a tall jolly Woman, of a fresh Complexion, round Hazel grey Eyes.
1816 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 106 121 The colour of the animal is various; the upper surface being generally hazel grey, reddish brown, or purple.
1855 Crayon 2 389/2 His hair was of a hazel brown.
1891 ‘Mrs. Alexander’ Woman's Heart I. 3 Large hazel-brown eyes.
1893 North Amer. (Philadelphia) 23 Aug. 2/1 The hazel green eyes glanced with intense life.
1925 Auk 42 423 The second male [hazel grouse] is more of a hazel brown than the type.
1939 Moorhead (Minnesota) Daily News 20 Sept. 2/4 She gazed at him with honest hazel gold eyes.
1981 tr. G. Pacioni Simon & Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms 168 Cap 2.5–4 cm, very light leather-yellow, pale hazel-ochre, uniformly colored.
2014 Toronto Star (Nexis) 10 Aug. e1 Her hazel-green eyes sparkle at every amusing anecdote she tells.
b. Parasynthetic, as hazel-coloured, hazel-eyed.
ΚΠ
1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. 150 The Eyes [of the Ostrich] are great, with hazel-coloured Irides.
1762 Lloyd's Evening Post 13 Aug. 159/3 Dark brown Hair, a little bushey, brown Complexion, Hazel-eyed.
1806 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. IV. 228 A deep hazle-coloured loam.
1824 Granger's Biogr. Hist. Eng. (ed. 5) V. 108 Pretty strong set,..hazel-eyed, brown haired.
1885 J. Ruskin Præterita I. v. 141 A..dark hazel-eyed, slim-made, lively girl.
1908 M. J. Cawein Poems II. 501 There in the past I see her as of old, Blue-eyed and hazel-haired.
1954 A. Trocchi Helen & Desire vii. 124 It was in this latter room that I first saw Nadya,..her slender, almost hazel coloured arms holding a wonderful mauve and white orchid above her head where she lay.
2015 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 27 Sept. (Style section) 6 Their children are beautiful: hazel-eyed, tawny and sparkling with precocious intelligence.
C2. Compounds of the noun.
a. General attributive, as hazel bank, hazel bough, hazel bower, hazel bush, hazel copse, hazel cover, hazel holt, hazel leaf, hazel rod, hazel staff, hazel stick, hazel twig, hazel wand, hazel woodland, hazel wride, etc.With the use of hazel bough in quot. ?a1300, perhaps compare Middle English uses of hazel wood in what appear to be phrases expressing derision, incredulity, etc. (see note at hazel wood n. 1a).
ΚΠ
eOE Bounds (Sawyer 495) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1887) II. 542 Of ðære apuldre þe stent wið westan þam wege þurh þone lea to þam miclan hæslwride, of þam hæslwride adun on þa blacan rixa.
OE Bounds (Sawyer 786) in D. Hooke Worcs. Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1990) 182 Of þære twycenan on þa hæselræwe ondlong streames on horwyllan.
lOE Bounds (Sawyer 446) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1887) II. 460 Þonon to þam wylfpyttæ þonnæ on gærihta þurh hæselholt to clæfærdæne æft on þæt dell.
?a1300 Thrush & Nightingale (Digby) l. 106 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 104 (MED) Fowel, þou sitest on hasel bou: Þou lastest hem, þou hauest wou.
a1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 53 (MED) For brynnyng with wilde fyre: tak rest bacon, and do hit on a grene hesill styk.
a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 31 (MED) Take a gret porcyoun of Haselle leuys, & grynd in a morter.
a1500 Warkworth's Chron. (1839) 22 It was as lytelle as a hesylle styke.
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft x. vii. 183 There must be made vpon a hazell wand three crosses.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 248 Kate like the hazle twig Is straight, and slender. View more context for this quotation
1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 183 He's mounted on a Hazel Bavin.
1678 E. R. Experienced Farrier Table sig. Bbbv/2 With your hand strike the wind equally into every place of the shoulders, and when they be both full, beat all the windy places, with a good Hazel-wand.
1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 107 Close in the Covert of an Hazel Copse.
c1786 T. Blaikie Diary Sc. Gardener (1931) 205 They have had here the famous Charlatain Lebreton who pretends by means of a hazel rod to descover Springs.
1822 J. Woods Two Years' Resid. Eng. Prairie 206 I dug a piece of prairie-land to sow it on; part of it had some hazle-brush on it.
1848 Duffy's Irish Catholic Mag. May 107/2 Holy are the hazel woodlands green.
1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 110 I slide by hazel covers.
1862 W. Barnes Poems Rural Life in Dorset Dial. III. 79 On zides of hazzle wrides, Nuts do hang a-zunnèn.
1880 Encycl. Brit. XI. 549/1 The virtue of the hazel wand was supposed to be dependent on its having two forks.
1904 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 282/2 Hazel rods. Thin rods of hazel are often used for the handles of smiths' tools..which have to be struck by a hammer.
1911 Sc. Geogr. Mag. Sept. 460 The bracken loves light, hence it avoids the shade of the alder and hazel woodland.
1932 F. L. Wright Autobiogr. i. 46 With scattered hazel-brush and trees.
1969 U.S. Forest Service Res. Note SE-20 (U.S. Department Agriculture) Dec. 4/1 These additional fuels can be grouped thus:..II. Reindeer moss.., dead bracken fern.., and hazel leaves... III. Hazel twigs, eastern larch needles [etc.].
1982 Proc. Royal Irish Acad. B. 82 291 The nature of the dry-land vegetation was changing..from hazel woodland with occasional elms, pine or birch to a more typical mixed oak forest.
2008 C. Peacock Death of Dancer iii. 28 She went without a word, picking her way among the shadowy chairs and music stands as gracefully as a deer in a hazel copse.
b. Parasynthetic, as hazel-hooped, hazel-shaped, etc.
ΚΠ
1799 London Gaz. No. 15194. 1050/2 Hazle-Hooped Powder—147 Whole Barrels, 428 Half Barrels, 117 Quarter Barrels.
1828 J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner 59 Budge barrels..hazle hooped.
1830 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianæ in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 946 Yonder flows..the long dim shallow rippling hazel-banked line of music among the broomy braes.
1874 S. W. Williams Syllabic Dict Chinese Lang. 138/2 Long, hazel shaped nuts of the Torreya nucifera.
1879 Proc. Royal Irish Acad.: Polite Lit. & Antiq. 1 148 The situation of this old church and graveyard, on the slope of a hazel-copsed hill,..is truly picturesque.
1990 Restaurant Hospitality (Nexis) Dec. 52 Small round pieces of beef tenderloin or lamb; also, hazel shaped or colored Nouilles.
2005 N. Blake Steering to Glory v. 104 The standard barrels produced by the royal powder mills were copper- or hazel-hooped.
c. See also hazel grouse n., hazel hen n., hazelnut n., hazel tree n., hazel wood n., hazelwort n.
hazel carpet n. Obsolete the broken-barred carpet moth, Electrophaes corylata, a Eurasian geometrid moth which has front wings patterned with bands of reddish brown, white, and dark brown, with a prominent pinched or broken central band.
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1869 E. Newman Illustr. Nat. Hist. Brit. Moths 182/2 The Hazel Carpet... The moth appears on the wing in June, and seems to be abundant in most parts of England, Scotland, and Ireland. (The scientific name is Cidaria corylata.)
1913 G. Scorer Entomologist's Log-bk. 78 (Broken-barred or Hazel Carpet)... Rests on palings and trunks. May be beaten out of hedge rows.
hazel crottles n. (also hazel crottle) [ < hazel n. + the plural of crotal n.2] originally Irish English, now historical and rare lungwort, Lobaria pulmonaria.
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the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > lungwort or lungs of oak
hazel rag1565
lungwort1578
lightwort1587
tree lungwort1597
wood liverwort1597
oak-lungs1727
hazel crottles1772
hazelraw1777
lungs of oak1856
1772 J. Rutty Ess. Nat. Hist. Dublin I. 141 [Lichenoides pulmonum reticulatum] was sent me from the North, under the name of Hazel-rag or Hazel-crottles, being found growing on the Hazel-tree and sometimes on the Apple-tree.
1781 Gen. Hist. Irel. I. 111 Hazel crottles, used in dying woollen cloth, of a durable orange colour, is found in the county of Dublin.
1839 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 2) 357/2 Lichen pulmonarius,..Hazel Crottles... This plant..was once in high repute in curing diseases of the lungs.
1944 Bot. Rev. 10 54 (table) L[obaria] pulmonaria... Oaklung, lungwort, Aikraw, Hazelraw, Hazelcrottle, Rage, Stane Raws.
hazel dormouse n. the common Eurasian dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius, which has yellowish-brown fur and hibernates in the winter; cf. hazel mouse n.
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1951 J. R. Ellerman & T. C. S. Morrison-Scott Checklist Palaearctic & Indian Mammals 549 Muscardinus avellanarius... Common Dormouse. Hazel Dormouse.
1992 Independent (Nexis) 21 July 5 The hazel dormouse used to be found in woods over most of England and much of Wales, but probably never occurred in Scotland.
2007 National Trust Mag. Autumn 79/2 (caption) Hazel dormouse hibernating in a nest of shredded honeysuckle bark and leaves.
hazel fly n. now historical and rare. the garden chafer, Phyllopertha horticola; (Angling) an artificial fly imitating this.
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the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > real or imitation flies
stone-flya1450
ant-fly1653
hawthorn-fly1653
mayfly1653
oak fly1653
wall-fly1653
pismire-fly1670
cow-lady1676
mayfly1676
owl fly1676
brown1681
cow-turd-fly1684
trout-fly1746
orl fly1747
hazel fly?1758
iron-blue fly?1758
red spinner?1758
Welshman's button?1758
buzz1760
Yellow Sally1766
ash-fly1787
black caterpillar1787
cow-dung fly1787
sharn-fly1787
spinner1787
woodcock-fly1787
huzzard1799
knop-fly1799
mackerel1799
watchet1799
iron blue1826
knob fly1829
mackerel fly1829
March brown1837
cinnamon fly1867
quill gnat1867
sedge-fly1867
cob-fly1870
woodcock wing1888
sedge1889
olive1895
quill1899
nymph1910
green weenie1977
Montana1987
?1758 R. Bowlker Art of Angling Improved 72 The Welshman's Button. Or Hazle Fly, comes in at the latter end of July.
1832 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 14 Apr. 87/2 The hazel-fly is a killing fly in May and June; the body is composed of ostrich harl of two colours, black and purple twisted together.
1978 G. Almy Tying & Fishing Terrestrials v. 133 The Marlow buzz (hazel fly, shorn fly) was another frequently used beetle imitation.
hazel hoe n. a hoe used in grubbing up roots, stumps, etc., in hazel copses and similar environments; a similar implement used for digging trenches (see quot. 1953).
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the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > mattock, hoe, or hack > hoe > other types of hoe
pecker1588
weeding hoe1619
griffaun1780
breast hoe1787
draw hoe1822
hazel hoe1835
jembe1860
Canterbury hoea1887
Swoe1954
weeder hoe1978
1835 Commerc. Bull. & Missouri Lit. Reg. 12 June (advt.) 6 dozen weeding hoes; 3 doz. grubbing hoes; 3 doz. hazle hoes.
1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 391/2 Hazel Hoes, weight, 3 pounds, length, 10 in... Hazel Hoe Handles.
1953 Brit. Commonw. Forest Terminol.: Pt. I (Empire Forestry Assoc.) 75 Hazel hoe, a fire trenching or digging tool, resembling a grub hoe but having a shorter, broader and lighter blade, a round or oval eye, and usually a straight pick-like head.
2001 L. Owens I hear Train 55 I glanced at the prison crew on one side of the small clearing, leaning on pulaskis and hazel hoes and shovels.
hazel-leaved adj. (in the names of plants) having leaves which resemble those of a hazel. See also hazel-leaved pistacia n. at pistacia n. 2.
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1714 Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 217 This [sc. Virginia Mulberry] and the Hazel-leaved, thrive very well in Fulham Garden.
1878 Notts. Guardian 15 Nov. (Suppl.) 2/2 The hazel-leaved Bramble, Rubus coryfolius,..is also a good bearer, and the fruit is larger than the common sort.
1918 N. L. Britton Flora of Bermuda 113 Ruprechtia corylifolia.., Hazel-leaved Ruprechtia, South American, a small tree with slender branches, ovate-elliptic, acute, thin, short-petioled leaves.
2006 L. Sweedman & D. Merritt Austral. Seeds App. 3 233/1 Hazel-leaved Rulingia. Rulingia corylifolia.
hazel mouse n. [probably after German Haselmaus (1561)] the common or hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius.
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1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 545 Of the Nut-Mouse, Hasell-Mouse, or Fildburd-Mouse..so called because they feed vpon hasell-Nuts, and Filburds.
1798 J. Ebers New & Compl. Dict. German & Eng. Lang. II. 649/1 Die Haselmaus, the Hasel-Mouse or Filberd-Mouse.
1887 G. G. Chisholm tr. C. Vogt & F. Specht Nat. Hist. Animals II. 149 The Common Dormouse, the Hazel Mouse of the Germans (Muscardinus (Myoxus) avellanarius)..is a charming little creature.
1929 N.Y. Times x5/5 Here is a hazel-mouse.., red-brown, with sharp, snappy eyes and a velvet hide.
2001 L. Hansson in J. B. Owen et al. Animal Models iv. 76 The hazel mouse and its relatives..accumulate large quantities of adipose tissue in autumn before hibernation.
hazel pomaderris n. a shrub or small tree native to eastern Australia and Tasmania, Pomaderris aspera (family Rhamnaceae), which has hairy twigs and branches, hairy dark green leaves, and panicles of small cream-coloured apetalous flowers. P. apetala was previously a synonym for P. aspera but is now applied to a similar species which is typically called dogwood (cf. dogwood n. 3b).
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1914 A. M. Laughton Handbk. Victoria 6 The hazel pomaderris (P. apetala).
1999 R. Taylor Wild Places Greater Melbourne 62 You may also see some wet gully plants such as Hazel Pomaderris, Wonga-vine and Forest Clematis.
2010 B. Peel Rainforest Restoration Man. S.E. Austral. iv. 88 (caption) In this case, the species protected was Hazel Pomaderris P[omaderris] aspera.
hazel rag n. now historical lungwort, Lobaria pulmonaria; = hazelraw n.; cf. rag n.2 13. [The origin of the second element is uncertain; it may perhaps reflect an unattested by-form of Old English ragu lichen (see staneraw n. and compare hazelraw n.).]
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the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > lungwort or lungs of oak
hazel rag1565
lungwort1578
lightwort1587
tree lungwort1597
wood liverwort1597
oak-lungs1727
hazel crottles1772
hazelraw1777
lungs of oak1856
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Pulmonaria, after some lungeworte: after other haselragge.
1772 J. Rutty Ess. Nat. Hist. Dublin I. 141 [Lichenoides pulmonum reticulatum] was sent me from the North, under the name of Hazel-rag or Hazel-crottles, being found growing on the Hazel-tree and sometimes on the Apple-tree.
1849 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 18 Aug. 101/2 The lungwort, or hazel rag (Sticta pulmoacea),..is also boiled in ale by the Siberians instead of hops.
1991 E. M. Bolton Lichens for Veg. Dyeing (ed. 2) iv. 20 The Herefordshire country people used to dye their woollen stockings brown with this lichen [sc. Lobaria pulmonaria]. It was also used in the Lowlands of Scotland, as one of the crottles, and in Northern Ireland—where it is called Hazel-rag.
hazelraw n. chiefly Scottish (now historical) lungwort, Lobaria pulmonaria; = hazel rag n. [For the second element see staneraw n.
For earlier equivalent use of a noun phrase with the first element in the genitive see quot. eOE2 at sense A. 1a.]
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the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > lungwort or lungs of oak
hazel rag1565
lungwort1578
lightwort1587
tree lungwort1597
wood liverwort1597
oak-lungs1727
hazel crottles1772
hazelraw1777
lungs of oak1856
1777 J. Lightfoot Flora Scotica II. 831 [Lichen pulmonarius] Hazleraw. Scotis australibus. Upon the trunks of old trees, in shady woods.
1819 New Edinb. Encycl. (Amer. ed. 2) 43/1 In the north and west of Scotland these lichens [sc. Parmelia spp.] are sometimes promiscuously called crottles: in..the south of Scotland hazel-raw.
1925 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ Sangschaw 23 Had the fug o' fame An' history's hazelraw No' yirdit thaim.
2015 S. D. Crawford in B. Ranković Lichen Secondary Metabolites ii. 59 (table) Lobaria pulmonaria... Lungwort, lungs of oak, or oak lung (English); hazelraw (Scotland); crotal coille (Ireland).
hazel rice n. [ < hazel n. + rice n.1] Obsolete (Scottish after Middle English) a twig or branch of a hazel tree.
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the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > hazel > [noun] > twig or clump of
hazel ricec1400
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 3289 Whan nutte brouneþ on heselrys.
1568 Christis Kirk on Grene in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 266 Heich hucheoun wt a hissill ryss.
a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 437 So Moses wi' a hazel-rice Came o'er the stane.
1870 J. M'Killop Poems 55 Constables wi' hazel rice Were forc'd to quell the quarrels.
hazel rough n. U.S. regional, now rare a hazel copse.
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1845 Madison (Indiana) Courier 27 Sept. Some Mormons concealed in the hazel rough, nine miles from this place, fired upon him.
1893 Advance (Chicago) 23 Nov. Among the hazel-roughs are still a few chewinks.
1972 'E. Clifford' Year of Three-legged Deer vi. 88 The hazel rough..was mean country,..a matted, tangled jungle of hazel brush lashed together with grape vines.
2013 E. Sarra in N. R. Hiller Hist. Preserv. Indiana viii. 119 A massive slough known as the ‘Hazel Rough’ provided a convenient if perilous place for escaping slaves to hide.
hazel splitter n. U.S. now historical a member of a half-wild breed of pigs common in the southern United States; a razorback hog.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [noun] > specific breeds
purr?1577
Hampshirea1661
Shropshire1768
tun-back1776
Berkshire1810
Suffolk1831
China hog1838
Essex pig1838
Narragansett1852
Cumberland1860
Neapolitan1860
Tamworth1860
hazel splitter1866
Poland China1869
Duroc1872
Large Black1906
Lincolnshire Curly-Coat1917
saddleback1919
landrace1935
micropig1985
1866 Prairie Farmer 6 Jan. 6/2 That class who prefer the active, energetic ‘hazel splitters’ to the lazy Berkshire.
1900 T. A. McNeal Fables 213 A lean, ill-favored Arkansaw hazel-splitter, which had not..fat enough in its entire system to grease the running-gears of a katydid.
2007 P. Salstrom From Pioneering to Persevering 43 They ran semi-wild and were called many names but answered to none—razorbacks, land sharks,..wind-splitters, hazel-splitters.
hazel wizard n. Obsolete a water diviner, spec. one who uses a hazel divining rod.
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1843 ‘R. Carlton’ New Purchase II. lii. 206 We had ceased from digging a well, after finding no water at twenty-five feet; although we had employed a great hazel-wizzard.
1882 Spectator 14 Oct. 1311/2 Most of the hazel wizards have been grown persons.
1920 Lit. Digest 9 Oct. 108/3 The editor of Discovery (London) is certain that the hazel wizard can do, and has repeatedly done, this very thing [sc. locating underground springs].
hazel worm n. [after Dutch hazelworm (1781 in the source of quot. 1845); compare German Haselwurm (1793 or earlier)] Obsolete the slow worm, Anguis fragilis.
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1845 J. E. Gray Catal. Specimens Lizards Brit. Mus. 100 The Blind Worm. Anguis fragilis, Linn... Hazelworm, Van Lier.
1873 Dublin Univ. Mag. Dec. 680/2 In the Tyrol, it is believed that the plant [sc. mistletoe] is guarded by the serpent called hazel-worm (our blindworm).
1900 School Gardens in Europe (Special Consular Rep. XX, U.S. Dept. of State Bureau of Foreign Commerce) 165 Familiarizing the scholars with..(b) the lizard and the grass snake or hazel worm.
1912 J. R. Mohler & A. Eichhorn tr. F. Hutyra & J. Marek Special Pathol. & Therapeutics Dis. Domest. Animals v. i. 630 The acid and alcohol-fast bacilli that..Moeller [obtained] from a hazel worm (Anguis fragilis).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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