单词 | hanger |
释义 | hangern.1 A wood on the side of a steep hill or bank: cf. hanging adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] > on hill-side or in meadow hanger1789 c938 Charter in Cod. Dipl. III. 409 Ealle þa hangran betweonan ðam wege and ðam ðe to Stanleage ligþ. c987 Cod. Dipl. III. 229 Of ðam hangran suþ to þære stræt. 1789 G. White Let. in Nat. Hist. Selborne 247 A considerable part of the great woody hanger at Hawkley was torn from it's place, and fell down, leaving a high free-stone cliff naked and bare. 1822 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 14 Dec. 645 These hangers are woods on the sides of very steep hills. 1851 R. Cobden in J. Morley Life R. Cobden (1882) II. iii. 91 The nightingale and cuckoo are already heard in the hanger. 1883 G. Allen Colin Clout's Cal. xxxv. 202 It [wild service-tree] grows sparingly in hangers and copses. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). hangern.2 One who or that which hangs. 1. a. One who suspends a thing from above; often in combinations as bell-hanger, paper-hanger, etc. (see under the first element). spec. One of those who select and hang the pictures for an exhibition (e.g. that of the Royal Academy). ΚΠ 1791 in Harper's Mag. Mar. 1885. 534/2 Pd a bell hanger on a/c 5s. 1851 W. Irving in Life IV. 71 Plumbers and bellhangers [are] to attack the vitals of the house. 1865 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 Apr. The hangers of the year are Messrs E. M. Ward, Millais, and E. W. Cooke. It is not unusual for the hangers to limit their own contributions. 1894 Westm. Gaz. 16 Mar. 1/2 So soon as a man is elected to full membership he becomes a hanger for the next exhibition..Hangers are almost as anxious to be excused as High Sheriffs. b. One who puts a person to death by hanging, or causes him to be hanged. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > massacrer or slaughterer > [noun] > hanger hangerc1430 society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > hanging > [noun] > hangman boiec1320 hangman1393 hangerc1430 lockman1488 burrioc1540 bourreauc1550 burriourc1550 derrickc1600 passport-maker1602 topman1607 derrick-jastro?1609 verdugo1616 windpipe-stretcher1617 Gregorya1658 locksman1682 Ketch1685 Jack Ketch1696 finisher of the law1708 topsman1825 scrag-boy1843 scragger1897 c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) ii. xcv. 110 Afterward j wole be drawere and hangere of thee. a1697 J. Aubrey Lives Eminent Men in J. Walker Lett. Eminent Persons (1813) II. 351 A very severe hanger of highwaymen. 1876 Mr. Gray & Neighb. I. 205 England was ‘merrie’..for the hangers, though scarcely quite so ‘merrie’ and pleasant, perhaps, for the hanged. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > [noun] > irresolute or vacillating person demurrer1533 hanger1536 staggerer1552 hobbler1575 tennis ball1589 waverer1597 halter1608 suspender1625 waver1667 fluttererc1726 oscillator1798 pendulum1818 shilly-shallyer1832 shilly-shally1834 wobbler1837 hesitater1853 dilly-dallier1880 vacillator1890 haverer1947 1536 T. Starkey Let. ?July in Eng. in Reign Henry VIII (1878) i. p. xxxix You schal fynd me..to be no sterter, wauerar, nor hengar in the wynd. 2. Something that hangs down or is suspended. Thesaurus » Categories » Thesaurus » Categories » e. A pendant catkin. f. A local name for the seaweed tangle. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > algae > seaweed > [noun] > fucus seaweeds > tangle hangera1483 tanglec1540 tang1547 sea-ragged-staff1633 tangle-wrack1721 sea-cabbage1764 prickly tang1795 yellow tang1809 tangle-weed1825 fucoid1848 saw-wrack1868 tangle-work1890 a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 78 The chief yeoman of this office hathe in charge..cuppes of silver & leather, tankardes, & earthe asshen cuppes..hangers & all that other stuffe of this office. 1488 in P. F. Tytler Inventory Jewels James III (1864) II. 391 Item a collar of gold maid with elephantis and a grete hingar at it. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. iii. 35 Or in the crownell pycht, or rych hynger, Quhilk dois the nek array. 1516 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 25 Item, ane black hatt with ane hingar contenand ane greit ruby balac. Item, v hattis of silk without hingaris. c1565 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1728) 159 And also commanded her to take what hingers or tapestry-work..she pleased. 1578 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 266 A small carcan with hingar perll and small graynis anamalit with blak. 1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality (Dublin ed.) V. xvii. 184 On pulling the Hanger of a Bell, the great Door opened. 1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. xvii. 194 The hangers of the hazel, too, having shed their dust to make the nuts. g. (See quot. 1905.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publishing or spreading by leaflets or notices > [noun] > placarding, postering, or billing > a placard, notice, or bill > types of window bill?1790 showcard1826 officiality1843 window card1846 star bill1876 one-sheet1895 stickyback1903 hanger1905 wanted poster1925 dazibao1960 wall-poster1962 1905 E. E. Calkins & R. Holden Art Mod. Advertising 352 Hangers are printed or lithographed cards of various shapes and sizes, to be hung up in a store. 1927 in John Edwards Mem. Foundation Q. (1969) 5 iv. 144 In~closed find a folder... Also we have a large hanger and dealers order blank. 3. Something that overhangs; in Mining, The rock over the lode or vein; the ‘roof’. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > material above hanger1631 grass1672 overburden1821 top wall1881 1631 E. Jorden Disc. Nat. Bathes (1669) xiv. 136 Most metals breeding between a Hanger and a Lieger..are seldome above a foot thick. 1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. 585 The rock on both sides, or, in the miners' language, the roof and the sole, the hanger and the leger, is altered and decomposed. 4. a. A contrivance by which anything is hung; a rope, chain, or hook used to suspend something; a support for a journal-box, etc., of a shafting. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > [noun] > that by which something is suspended pendant1580 suspension1833 suspender1839 hanger1864 suspensor1874 1864 in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Pulley 1873 J. Richards On Arrangem. Wood-working Factories 27 Having the hanger-plates ready,..mount the shaft in the hangers and invert them. 1873 J. Richards On Arrangem. Wood-working Factories 65 The rods and fingers or studs are now generally furnished with hangers for the smaller shafts. 1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 134 Pass the gaskets and clew hangers. 1896 Daily News 10 Jan. 2/7 The spring hanger of the tender broke. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > sword-belt > attachments hanger1599 carriage1603 frog1700 girdle-hanger1921 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Talabarte, sword hangers. Tiros de espada, sword hangers. 1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor i. iii. sig. C3v This other day I hapned to enter into some discourse of a hanger, which..both for fashion & workmanship was most beautifull and gentlemanlike. View more context for this quotation 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 483 Their sword-girdles, hangers, and bawdricks, gingle again with thin plates of siluer. 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 119 Ham. The cariages sir, I do not know what you meane. Gent. The girdles, and hangers sir. 1648 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 217 I give vnto my nephew..my guilt wrought sword and the girdle and hangers to it. 1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads (1677) 289 The boys with silver hangers were adorn'd And golden swords. c. A loop by which anything is hung, as the loop at the back of the neck in a coat, etc.; the loop of a hunting-whip or crop. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > [noun] > that by which something is suspended > loop hanger1684 sling1771 1684 London Gaz. No. 1935/4 He had a Whip with a red Handle and a Buff hanger at the end of it. d. A chain or iron rod to which a pot or kettle is hung by means of a pot-hook in the old-fashioned kitchen fireplace. Hence transferred. A nursery name for the stroke with a double curve (ı), one of the elementary forms in learning to write; usually in the phrase pot-hooks and hangers. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > bar or chain for hanging rack1391 reckon1400 hake1402 kilp1425 pot-clip1459 pothangles1468 reckon-crook1469 kettle-hook1485 rax1519 pot hangings1521 pot hangerc1525 pot-crookc1530 pot-hook1530 trammel1537 pot-kilp1542 gallow-balk1583 hale1589 hanger1599 pot-keep1611 pot rack1619 reckon hook1645 ratten crook1665 winter1668 rantle1671 cotterel1674 rantle-tree1685 rannel-balk1781 sway1825 rannel-perch1855 society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > formation of letters > [noun] > stroke linea1382 tittlec1384 stroke1567 minim1587 pot-hook1611 dash1615 hair-stroke1634 hook1668 foot stroke1676 stem1676 duct1699 hanger1738 downstroke?1760 hairline1846 up-stroke1848 skit1860 pot-crook1882 ligature1883 coupling-stroke1906 bow1914 ductus1922 ascender1934 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Llares, or Ollares, pot hangers. 1608 Withals' Dict. 186 To hang as the pots doe uppon their hangers. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. lxxxii His Skill in making Pot-hooks and Hangers with a Pencil. 1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. ii. iv. 106 Most of the council were but little skilled in the mystery of combining pot hooks and hangers. 1896 Longman's Mag. Nov. 64 The old iron ‘hangers’ for pots are common. e. A coat- or dress-hanger. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > hanger for gambrela1652 hanger1873 coat hanger1895 shoulder1899 clothes-hanger1934 1873 Young Englishwoman Feb. 91/1 The two different kinds of hangers..will be found very advantageous for hanging up heavy articles of dress, as winter cloaks, etc. 1908 Daily Chron. 26 Feb. 8/5 Every coat and every skirt should have a hanger to itself. 1934 L. A. G. Strong Corporal Tune ii. iv. 151 It does clothes no good to stay all folded up. The sooner they're out and on hangers the better. 1955 M. Allingham Beckoning Lady iii. 38 She was carrying a newly pressed dress on a hanger. 1970 New Yorker 28 Feb. 34/3 There are no hangers for suits which have always had hangers. 5. hanger-on n. a. A follower or dependant (familiarly and often disparagingly). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > servile flattery or currying favour > [noun] > servile flatterer > parasite clienta1393 lick-dishc1440 maunche present1440 scambler?a1513 smell-feast1519 parasite1539 hanger-on1549 parasitaster1552 waiter at the table1552 lick-trencher1571 hang-by1579 shadow1579 trencher-fly1590 trencher-friend1590 fawnguest1592 pot-hunter1592 lick-spigot1599 trencherman1599 shark1600 tub-hunter1600 zany1601 lick-box1611 by-hangera1626 cosherer1634 shirk1639 panlicker1641 clientelary1655 tantony1659 led friend1672 sponger1677 fetcher and carrier1751 myrmidon1800 trencher-licker1814 onhanger1821 tag-tail1835 sponge1838 lick-ladle1849 lick-platter1853 sucker1856 freeloader1933 bludger1938 ligger1977 joyrider1990 1549 Lansdowne MSS. 238 lf. 292 The multytude of Reteynours and hangers on. 1603 Sir R. Cecil in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. III. 206 Among some hangers-on upon the Court. ?1720 Wonderful Wonder 4 He is a perpetual hanger on; yet no body well knows how to be without him. 1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. iii. 142 Scotland was for the first time treated as a needy and troublesome hanger-on of France. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > [noun] > that which accompanies purtenancea1382 accessory1429 retinue?a1439 accessaryc1475 companion1533 annexe?1541 hanger-ona1555 supply1567 copemate1581 complement1586 fere1593 adjective1597 annexment1604 annexary1605 attendant1607 adherence1610 adjacent1610 wife1616 fellower1620 coincident1626 attendancy1654 associate1658 appanage1663 conjunct1667 perquisite1667 familiar1668 satellite1702 accompaniment1709 accompanying1761 side dish1775 obbligato1825 shadow1830 rider1859 gadget1917 a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 47 But here is one addition, one hanger on. As we forgeue them that trespasse againste vs. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. All the words about body and hangers on to body. c. Coal Mining. The same as onsetter, a workman who puts the corves or tubs into the ‘cage’ or ‘chair’ at the bottom of the pit-shaft. Formerly these were hung on to the end of the rope or chain. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > workers performing other tasks or processes river?c1475 melter1511 sinker1526 folder up1552 wiper1552 scourer1574 heaver1587 stoverc1600 rasper1611 ripper1611 roller1616 smearer1632 waterleadera1650 scooper1668 smiter1670 puncher1681 staker1688 crusher1794 hardener1796 reamer1822 piledriver1826 catcher1832 waterproofer1837 middler1847 culler1850 hanger-on1858 pitcher1865 bumper1871 fine liner1871 bricksetter1883 waxer1890 bottle-oh1898 edger1909 bottle-o-er1915 caster1921 recycler1970 linesperson1973 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > coal-miner > who works with trams, tubs, etc. coal putter1708 foal1770 onsetter1789 putter1812 headsman1813 trapper1815 thruster1825 trammer1839 train boy1852 tram1856 hanger-on1858 tipper1861 hooker-on?1881 jiggerer?1881 hitcher1890 tub-loader1891 haulier1892 tilter1892 unhooker1892 flatter1894 jagger1900 thrutcher1901 tram-boy1904 filler1921 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Hanger-on, a miner employed at the bottom of the shaft in fixing the skip or bucket to the chain. 1893 Daily News 5 July 5/7 Three young fellows who were employed as hangers on at the pit bottom. Compounds hanger-back n. one who hangs back (see to hang back at hang v. Phrasal verbs). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun] > one who is unwilling drawback1565 bogglera1616 scrupulist1680 standback1873 hanger-back1923 1923 Q. Register May 583 He never..played the calculating hanger-back. 1962 Times 10 Aug. 9/4 Young novelists..must realize..that, however many people will unwisely refrain from reading their daring first novels, their own mothers, and even their own grandmothers, will not be among the hangers-back. hanger-board n. (see quot. 1893 at sense 5c). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric light > [noun] > board for arc-lamp hanger-board18.. 18.. Electr. Rev. (U.S.) XII. 8 (Cent. Dict.) Electrical connection between the conducting-wires and lamps must be made through a suitable hanger-board. 1892 T. O'C. Sloane Standard Electr. Dict. (1893) 284 Hanger board, a board containing two terminals, a suspending hook, and a switch, so that an arc lamp can be introduced into a circuit thereby, or can be removed as desired. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022). hangern.3 A kind of short sword, originally hung from the belt. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > short sword saxa800 knifec1175 whinyard1478 hanger1481 short-sword1508 whinger1540 whanger1541 half-sword1552 estocade1579 wacadash1613 acinaces1653 dourlach1825 estoc1830 dah1832 simi1860 malchus1890 kirpan1904 1481–90 Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 285 My lord paied for a hanger for hymselff viij. s. iiij. d. 1483 Act 1 Rich. III c. 12 §2 No Merchaunt Straungier..[shall] bring into this Realme..Knyves, Hangers, Taillourshires, Scisors, Andyrons. ?c1500 in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 303 Cum gladiis vocatis hyngers vel baselerdys. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 229/1 Hangre a weapen, bracquemart. 1558 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 408 I give and bequeath to James Hartley my henger and my dagger. 1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. D4 The sight of a Hanger rusted in the sheath hanging by ones side. 1619 in G. Ornsby Select. from Househ. Bks. Naworth Castle (1878) 105 A silke belt for my Lord's hinger. 1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin ii. 182 Yet, on my word the Knave had wit in's Anger, And wisely took along his rusty Hanger. 1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 12 Their ordinary Arms are the Hanger, the Sagay, which is a very light Half-Pike, and the Bow. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 263 I made him a Belt, with a Frog hanging to it, such as in England we wear Hangers in; and in the Frog, instead of a Hanger, I gave him a Hatchet. 1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous i, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. III. 225 A small crooked sword, like what we now call a hanger. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1c938n.2c1430n.31481 |
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