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单词 hanger
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hangern.1

Brit. /ˈhaŋə/, U.S. /ˈhæŋər/
Etymology: Old English hangra , plural -an , derivative of hang v. Now identified in form and feeling with the hanger n.2 See Napier & Stevenson, Crawford Charters in Anecd. Oxon. 134.
A wood on the side of a steep hill or bank: cf. hanging adj. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] > on hill-side or in meadow
hanger1789
c938 Charter in Cod. Dipl. III. 409 Ealle þa hangran betweonan ðam wege and ðam ðe to Stanleage ligþ.
c987 Cod. Dipl. III. 229 Of ðam hangran suþ to þære stræt.
1789 G. White Let. in Nat. Hist. Selborne 247 A considerable part of the great woody hanger at Hawkley was torn from it's place, and fell down, leaving a high free-stone cliff naked and bare.
1822 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 14 Dec. 645 These hangers are woods on the sides of very steep hills.
1851 R. Cobden in J. Morley Life R. Cobden (1882) II. iii. 91 The nightingale and cuckoo are already heard in the hanger.
1883 G. Allen Colin Clout's Cal. xxxv. 202 It [wild service-tree] grows sparingly in hangers and copses.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

hangern.2

Brit. /ˈhaŋə/, U.S. /ˈhæŋər/
Forms: Also Middle English–1500s Scottish hingar(e, -er, 1500s hengar.
Etymology: < hang v. + -er suffix1.
One who or that which hangs.
1.
a. One who suspends a thing from above; often in combinations as bell-hanger, paper-hanger, etc. (see under the first element). spec. One of those who select and hang the pictures for an exhibition (e.g. that of the Royal Academy).
ΚΠ
1791 in Harper's Mag. Mar. 1885. 534/2 Pd a bell hanger on a/c 5s.
1851 W. Irving in Life IV. 71 Plumbers and bellhangers [are] to attack the vitals of the house.
1865 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 Apr. The hangers of the year are Messrs E. M. Ward, Millais, and E. W. Cooke. It is not unusual for the hangers to limit their own contributions.
1894 Westm. Gaz. 16 Mar. 1/2 So soon as a man is elected to full membership he becomes a hanger for the next exhibition..Hangers are almost as anxious to be excused as High Sheriffs.
b. One who puts a person to death by hanging, or causes him to be hanged.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > killing > massacrer or slaughterer > [noun] > hanger
hangerc1430
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > hanging > [noun] > hangman
boiec1320
hangman1393
hangerc1430
lockman1488
burrioc1540
bourreauc1550
burriourc1550
derrickc1600
passport-maker1602
topman1607
derrick-jastro?1609
verdugo1616
windpipe-stretcher1617
Gregorya1658
locksman1682
Ketch1685
Jack Ketch1696
finisher of the law1708
topsman1825
scrag-boy1843
scragger1897
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) ii. xcv. 110 Afterward j wole be drawere and hangere of thee.
a1697 J. Aubrey Lives Eminent Men in J. Walker Lett. Eminent Persons (1813) II. 351 A very severe hanger of highwaymen.
1876 Mr. Gray & Neighb. I. 205 England was ‘merrie’..for the hangers, though scarcely quite so ‘merrie’ and pleasant, perhaps, for the hanged.
c. One who hesitates or wavers: see hang v. 17. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > [noun] > irresolute or vacillating person
demurrer1533
hanger1536
staggerer1552
hobbler1575
tennis ball1589
waverer1597
halter1608
suspender1625
waver1667
fluttererc1726
oscillator1798
pendulum1818
shilly-shallyer1832
shilly-shally1834
wobbler1837
hesitater1853
dilly-dallier1880
vacillator1890
haverer1947
1536 T. Starkey Let. ?July in Eng. in Reign Henry VIII (1878) i. p. xxxix You schal fynd me..to be no sterter, wauerar, nor hengar in the wynd.
2. Something that hangs down or is suspended.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
a. A piece of tapestry hanging.
b. A hat-band with a part hanging loose behind.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
c. A pendant; also attributive, as hanger-pearl.
d. A bell-rope.
e. A pendant catkin.
f. A local name for the seaweed tangle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > algae > seaweed > [noun] > fucus seaweeds > tangle
hangera1483
tanglec1540
tang1547
sea-ragged-staff1633
tangle-wrack1721
sea-cabbage1764
prickly tang1795
yellow tang1809
tangle-weed1825
fucoid1848
saw-wrack1868
tangle-work1890
a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 78 The chief yeoman of this office hathe in charge..cuppes of silver & leather, tankardes, & earthe asshen cuppes..hangers & all that other stuffe of this office.
1488 in P. F. Tytler Inventory Jewels James III (1864) II. 391 Item a collar of gold maid with elephantis and a grete hingar at it.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. iii. 35 Or in the crownell pycht, or rych hynger, Quhilk dois the nek array.
1516 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 25 Item, ane black hatt with ane hingar contenand ane greit ruby balac. Item, v hattis of silk without hingaris.
c1565 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1728) 159 And also commanded her to take what hingers or tapestry-work..she pleased.
1578 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 266 A small carcan with hingar perll and small graynis anamalit with blak.
1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality (Dublin ed.) V. xvii. 184 On pulling the Hanger of a Bell, the great Door opened.
1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. xvii. 194 The hangers of the hazel, too, having shed their dust to make the nuts.
g. (See quot. 1905.)
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publishing or spreading by leaflets or notices > [noun] > placarding, postering, or billing > a placard, notice, or bill > types of
window bill?1790
showcard1826
officiality1843
window card1846
star bill1876
one-sheet1895
stickyback1903
hanger1905
wanted poster1925
dazibao1960
wall-poster1962
1905 E. E. Calkins & R. Holden Art Mod. Advertising 352 Hangers are printed or lithographed cards of various shapes and sizes, to be hung up in a store.
1927 in John Edwards Mem. Foundation Q. (1969) 5 iv. 144 In~closed find a folder... Also we have a large hanger and dealers order blank.
3. Something that overhangs; in Mining, The rock over the lode or vein; the ‘roof’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > material above
hanger1631
grass1672
overburden1821
top wall1881
1631 E. Jorden Disc. Nat. Bathes (1669) xiv. 136 Most metals breeding between a Hanger and a Lieger..are seldome above a foot thick.
1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. 585 The rock on both sides, or, in the miners' language, the roof and the sole, the hanger and the leger, is altered and decomposed.
4.
a. A contrivance by which anything is hung; a rope, chain, or hook used to suspend something; a support for a journal-box, etc., of a shafting. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > [noun] > that by which something is suspended
pendant1580
suspension1833
suspender1839
hanger1864
suspensor1874
1864 in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Pulley
1873 J. Richards On Arrangem. Wood-working Factories 27 Having the hanger-plates ready,..mount the shaft in the hangers and invert them.
1873 J. Richards On Arrangem. Wood-working Factories 65 The rods and fingers or studs are now generally furnished with hangers for the smaller shafts.
1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 134 Pass the gaskets and clew hangers.
1896 Daily News 10 Jan. 2/7 The spring hanger of the tender broke.
b. A loop or strap on a sword-belt from which the sword was hung; often richly ornamented.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > sword-belt > attachments
hanger1599
carriage1603
frog1700
girdle-hanger1921
1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Talabarte, sword hangers. Tiros de espada, sword hangers.
1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor i. iii. sig. C3v This other day I hapned to enter into some discourse of a hanger, which..both for fashion & workmanship was most beautifull and gentlemanlike. View more context for this quotation
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 483 Their sword-girdles, hangers, and bawdricks, gingle again with thin plates of siluer.
1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 119 Ham. The cariages sir, I do not know what you meane. Gent. The girdles, and hangers sir.
1648 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 217 I give vnto my nephew..my guilt wrought sword and the girdle and hangers to it.
1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads (1677) 289 The boys with silver hangers were adorn'd And golden swords.
c. A loop by which anything is hung, as the loop at the back of the neck in a coat, etc.; the loop of a hunting-whip or crop.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > [noun] > that by which something is suspended > loop
hanger1684
sling1771
1684 London Gaz. No. 1935/4 He had a Whip with a red Handle and a Buff hanger at the end of it.
d. A chain or iron rod to which a pot or kettle is hung by means of a pot-hook in the old-fashioned kitchen fireplace. Hence transferred. A nursery name for the stroke with a double curve (ı), one of the elementary forms in learning to write; usually in the phrase pot-hooks and hangers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > bar or chain for hanging
rack1391
reckon1400
hake1402
kilp1425
pot-clip1459
pothangles1468
reckon-crook1469
kettle-hook1485
rax1519
pot hangings1521
pot hangerc1525
pot-crookc1530
pot-hook1530
trammel1537
pot-kilp1542
gallow-balk1583
hale1589
hanger1599
pot-keep1611
pot rack1619
reckon hook1645
ratten crook1665
winter1668
rantle1671
cotterel1674
rantle-tree1685
rannel-balk1781
sway1825
rannel-perch1855
society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > formation of letters > [noun] > stroke
linea1382
tittlec1384
stroke1567
minim1587
pot-hook1611
dash1615
hair-stroke1634
hook1668
foot stroke1676
stem1676
duct1699
hanger1738
downstroke?1760
hairline1846
up-stroke1848
skit1860
pot-crook1882
ligature1883
coupling-stroke1906
bow1914
ductus1922
ascender1934
1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Llares, or Ollares, pot hangers.
1608 Withals' Dict. 186 To hang as the pots doe uppon their hangers.
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. lxxxii His Skill in making Pot-hooks and Hangers with a Pencil.
1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. ii. iv. 106 Most of the council were but little skilled in the mystery of combining pot hooks and hangers.
1896 Longman's Mag. Nov. 64 The old iron ‘hangers’ for pots are common.
e. A coat- or dress-hanger.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > hanger for
gambrela1652
hanger1873
coat hanger1895
shoulder1899
clothes-hanger1934
1873 Young Englishwoman Feb. 91/1 The two different kinds of hangers..will be found very advantageous for hanging up heavy articles of dress, as winter cloaks, etc.
1908 Daily Chron. 26 Feb. 8/5 Every coat and every skirt should have a hanger to itself.
1934 L. A. G. Strong Corporal Tune ii. iv. 151 It does clothes no good to stay all folded up. The sooner they're out and on hangers the better.
1955 M. Allingham Beckoning Lady iii. 38 She was carrying a newly pressed dress on a hanger.
1970 New Yorker 28 Feb. 34/3 There are no hangers for suits which have always had hangers.
5. hanger-on n.
a. A follower or dependant (familiarly and often disparagingly).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > servile flattery or currying favour > [noun] > servile flatterer > parasite
clienta1393
lick-dishc1440
maunche present1440
scambler?a1513
smell-feast1519
parasite1539
hanger-on1549
parasitaster1552
waiter at the table1552
lick-trencher1571
hang-by1579
shadow1579
trencher-fly1590
trencher-friend1590
fawnguest1592
pot-hunter1592
lick-spigot1599
trencherman1599
shark1600
tub-hunter1600
zany1601
lick-box1611
by-hangera1626
cosherer1634
shirk1639
panlicker1641
clientelary1655
tantony1659
led friend1672
sponger1677
fetcher and carrier1751
myrmidon1800
trencher-licker1814
onhanger1821
tag-tail1835
sponge1838
lick-ladle1849
lick-platter1853
sucker1856
freeloader1933
bludger1938
ligger1977
joyrider1990
1549 Lansdowne MSS. 238 lf. 292 The multytude of Reteynours and hangers on.
1603 Sir R. Cecil in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. III. 206 Among some hangers-on upon the Court.
?1720 Wonderful Wonder 4 He is a perpetual hanger on; yet no body well knows how to be without him.
1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. iii. 142 Scotland was for the first time treated as a needy and troublesome hanger-on of France.
b. An appendage, an adjunct. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > [noun] > that which accompanies
purtenancea1382
accessory1429
retinue?a1439
accessaryc1475
companion1533
annexe?1541
hanger-ona1555
supply1567
copemate1581
complement1586
fere1593
adjective1597
annexment1604
annexary1605
attendant1607
adherence1610
adjacent1610
wife1616
fellower1620
coincident1626
attendancy1654
associate1658
appanage1663
conjunct1667
perquisite1667
familiar1668
satellite1702
accompaniment1709
accompanying1761
side dish1775
obbligato1825
shadow1830
rider1859
gadget1917
a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 47 But here is one addition, one hanger on. As we forgeue them that trespasse againste vs.
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. All the words about body and hangers on to body.
c. Coal Mining. The same as onsetter, a workman who puts the corves or tubs into the ‘cage’ or ‘chair’ at the bottom of the pit-shaft. Formerly these were hung on to the end of the rope or chain.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > workers performing other tasks or processes
river?c1475
melter1511
sinker1526
folder up1552
wiper1552
scourer1574
heaver1587
stoverc1600
rasper1611
ripper1611
roller1616
smearer1632
waterleadera1650
scooper1668
smiter1670
puncher1681
staker1688
crusher1794
hardener1796
reamer1822
piledriver1826
catcher1832
waterproofer1837
middler1847
culler1850
hanger-on1858
pitcher1865
bumper1871
fine liner1871
bricksetter1883
waxer1890
bottle-oh1898
edger1909
bottle-o-er1915
caster1921
recycler1970
linesperson1973
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > coal-miner > who works with trams, tubs, etc.
coal putter1708
foal1770
onsetter1789
putter1812
headsman1813
trapper1815
thruster1825
trammer1839
train boy1852
tram1856
hanger-on1858
tipper1861
hooker-on?1881
jiggerer?1881
hitcher1890
tub-loader1891
haulier1892
tilter1892
unhooker1892
flatter1894
jagger1900
thrutcher1901
tram-boy1904
filler1921
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Hanger-on, a miner employed at the bottom of the shaft in fixing the skip or bucket to the chain.
1893 Daily News 5 July 5/7 Three young fellows who were employed as hangers on at the pit bottom.

Compounds

hanger-back n. one who hangs back (see to hang back at hang v. Phrasal verbs).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun] > one who is unwilling
drawback1565
bogglera1616
scrupulist1680
standback1873
hanger-back1923
1923 Q. Register May 583 He never..played the calculating hanger-back.
1962 Times 10 Aug. 9/4 Young novelists..must realize..that, however many people will unwisely refrain from reading their daring first novels, their own mothers, and even their own grandmothers, will not be among the hangers-back.
hanger-board n. (see quot. 1893 at sense 5c).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric light > [noun] > board for arc-lamp
hanger-board18..
18.. Electr. Rev. (U.S.) XII. 8 (Cent. Dict.) Electrical connection between the conducting-wires and lamps must be made through a suitable hanger-board.
1892 T. O'C. Sloane Standard Electr. Dict. (1893) 284 Hanger board, a board containing two terminals, a suspending hook, and a switch, so that an arc lamp can be introduced into a circuit thereby, or can be removed as desired.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

hangern.3

Brit. /ˈhaŋə/, U.S. /ˈhæŋər/
Forms: Also 1500s hangre, 1600s hangar; β. 1500s hynger, henger, 1600s hinger.
Etymology: apparently the same as hanger n.2, < hang v.; though possibly not of English formation: compare early modern Dutch hangher, ‘slootdeghen [rapier], pugio de zona pendens’. The suggestion has been offered that this is the same word as the Persian Arabic khanjar : see hanjar n. But, although ‘hanger’ has sometimes been employed to translate the latter (probably with a notion of etymological identity) neither history nor phonology appears to support the conjecture.
A kind of short sword, originally hung from the belt.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > short sword
saxa800
knifec1175
whinyard1478
hanger1481
short-sword1508
whinger1540
whanger1541
half-sword1552
estocade1579
wacadash1613
acinaces1653
dourlach1825
estoc1830
dah1832
simi1860
malchus1890
kirpan1904
1481–90 Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 285 My lord paied for a hanger for hymselff viij. s. iiij. d.
1483 Act 1 Rich. III c. 12 §2 No Merchaunt Straungier..[shall] bring into this Realme..Knyves, Hangers, Taillourshires, Scisors, Andyrons.
?c1500 in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 303 Cum gladiis vocatis hyngers vel baselerdys.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 229/1 Hangre a weapen, bracquemart.
1558 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 408 I give and bequeath to James Hartley my henger and my dagger.
1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. D4 The sight of a Hanger rusted in the sheath hanging by ones side.
1619 in G. Ornsby Select. from Househ. Bks. Naworth Castle (1878) 105 A silke belt for my Lord's hinger.
1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin ii. 182 Yet, on my word the Knave had wit in's Anger, And wisely took along his rusty Hanger.
1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 12 Their ordinary Arms are the Hanger, the Sagay, which is a very light Half-Pike, and the Bow.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 263 I made him a Belt, with a Frog hanging to it, such as in England we wear Hangers in; and in the Frog, instead of a Hanger, I gave him a Hatchet.
1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous i, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. III. 225 A small crooked sword, like what we now call a hanger.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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