† avalev.

Forms: Middle English–1700s auale, avale, Middle English–1500s auaile, Middle English–1500s auayle, avayle, 1500s advale, auayl, aueyle, 1600s avail. northernMiddle English awale, 1500s awail. See also aphetic vail v.²

Etymology: < Old French avaler, < phrase à val < Latin ad vallem to the valley; = Provençal avalar , Italian avallare ; compare amount v., French amonter , < à mont , Latin ad montem . For the spelling advale , see ad- prefix.

Obsolete.

1. intransitive. Of persons: To descend; to come, go, or get down; to dismount, alight. (Often with redundant down; cf. ascend up.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of a person

lighteOE

avalec1400

society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride a horse (or other animal) [verb (intransitive)] > dismount

lighteOE

alightOE

falla1300

avoid1485

demountc1540

elight1542

descend1548

avale1590

dismount1594

alighten1600

unlight1623

unhorse1633

unmount1655

to get off1688

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > riding in a vehicle > ride in a vehicle [verb (intransitive)] > alight from a vehicle

dismount1594

avale1596

land1693

alight1704

to step out1753

unlight1796

to hop in (also out)1955

deboard1960

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxvi. 266 Summe of the Jewes han..avaled down to the Valeyes.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 160/3 A corde by which he aualed doun and was saued.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure 6 When Phebus in the west Gan to avayle.

a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) ix. 856 Owre a bra downe awaland.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V4^v They..from their sweaty Coursers did auale.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. iii. sig. D^v Out of her Coch she gan auaile .

2. transitive. To descend, come down (a hill, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > descend [verb (transitive)]

avalea1513

descend1536

dismount1589

to fall down ——1600

sink1805

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > go down (a hill, etc.)

avalea1513

descend1667

lower1780

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxxiiii The sayd hoost of Flemynges aualyd y^e Mount In a secret wyse.

a. intransitive. Of things: To sink, flow, or drop down.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)]

styc825

astyc975

alightOE

to fall adownOE

hieldc1275

downcomea1300

sink?a1300

avalec1374

to go downa1375

to come downc1380

dipc1390

descenda1393

clinea1400

declinea1400

downc1400

inclinec1400

vailc1400

fallc1440

devall1477

condescendc1485

to get down1567

lower1575

dismount1579

to fall down1632

down?1701

demount1837

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. vi. 143 Þe heuy erþes aualen by her weyȝtes.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 144/2 The precious blood aualed by the shafte of the spere upon hys hondes.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure 92 The droppes..Whiche from her eyen began to advale.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A6 But when his later spring gins to avale, Huge heapes of mudd he [sc. Nilus] leaves.

b. To sail down stream, or away on an ebb tide.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of tides > [verb (intransitive)] > go with or take advantage of tide

vail1544

avalea1547

to tide it1627

drop1790

to tide one's way1827

a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Fourth Bk. Aeneas (1554) iv. sig. Ci^v To flyght Was armed the shyppe all redy to auale.

1599 R. Bodenham in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 99 I valed downe that night 10 miles to take the tide in the morning.

4. transferred and figurative. To lower oneself, submit, yield.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit [verb (intransitive)]

onboweOE

bowa1000

abeyc1300

yielda1330

loutc1330

couchc1386

to come to a person's mercy?a1400

to do (also put) oneself in (also to) a person's mercya1400

hielda1400

underlouta1400

foldc1400

to come (also to put oneself) in a person's willc1405

subjectc1475

defer1479

avale1484

to come in1485

submita1525

stoop1530

subscribe1556

compromit1590

warpa1592

to yield (also bow oneself) to (also upon) mercy1595

to come in will to a person1596

lead1607

knuckle1735

snool1786

1484 W. Caxton tr. Ordre of Chyualry (1926) vii. 99 Auaryce..maketh noble courage to descende and auale.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xxix. 84 Whiche castell after aueyled to me.

5. transitive. To cause to descend, fall, or sink; to let down, lower; to send or direct downwards.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)]

besench971

avalec1314

sinka1325

lighta1400

to get downa1450

abasec1450

descenda1475

base1489

fall1595

slopea1616

dimit1628

demit1646

send1657

down1852

dip1879

c1314 Guy Warw. 80 His hauberk was al to tore And his nasel avaled bifore.

c1400 Rom. Rose 1803 The thridde arowe..Into myn herte he dide avale.

a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 113 [Rahab] aualed hem by a corde from..the toune walles.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxxiv. 619 Drawe vp your ankers and aueyle your sayles.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Jan. 73 Phœbus gan auaile His weary waine.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 118/2 He ordered that the rods should be avaled in respect to the citizens.

6. To lower (the visor of a helmet), to uncover; hence, to take off, doff (hat, cap, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > cover or furnish with helmet [verb (transitive)] > lower (visor)

avalec1330

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > undressing or removing clothing > undress or remove clothing [verb (transitive)] > take off clothing > specific garments

avalec1330

vailc1450

to gather offc1460

strip1607

unmufflea1652

to strip up1664

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 97 Ilk auailed his helme, & to conseile drowe.

c1386 G. Chaucer Miller's Prol. 14 He wold avale nowther hood ne hat.

c1420 Anturs of Arth. xxxii He auaylet vppe his viserne.

1544 J. Bale Brefe Chron. Syr J. Oldcastell in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) I. 272 All the clergye..avayling their bonnettes.

1557 Malory's Story Noble & Worthy Kynge Arthur (Copland) v. xii Y^e kyng aualed his vyser with a meke and noble countenance.

7. figurative. To degrade, abase, humble; to lower.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > humiliate [verb (transitive)]

anitherOE

fellOE

lowc1175

to lay lowc1225

to set adownc1275

snuba1340

meekc1350

depose1377

aneantizea1382

to bring lowa1387

declinea1400

meekenc1400

to pull downc1425

avalec1430

to-gradea1440

to put downc1440

humble1484

alow1494

deject?1521

depress1526

plucka1529

to cut (rarely to cast down) the comb of?1533

to bring down1535

to bring basec1540

adbass1548

diminish1560

afflict1561

to take down1562

to throw down1567

debase1569

embase1571

diminute1575

to put (also thrust) a person's nose out of jointc1576

exinanite1577

to take (a person) a peg lower1589

to take (a person) down a peg (or two)1589

disbasea1592

to take (a person) down a buttonhole (or two)1592

comb-cut1593

unpuff1598

atterr1605

dismount1608

annihilate1610

crest-fall1611

demit1611

pulla1616

avilea1617

to put a scorn on, upon1633

mortify1639

dimit1658

to put a person's pipe out1720

to let down1747

to set down1753

humiliate1757

to draw (a person's) eyeteeth1789

start1821

squabash1822

to wipe a person's eye1823

to crop the feathers of1827

embarrass1839

to knock (also take, etc.) (a person) off his or her perch1864

to sit upon ——1864

squelch1864

to cut out of all feather1865

to sit on ——1868

to turn down1870

to score off1882

to do (a person) in the eye1891

puncture1908

to put (a person) in (also into) his, her place1908

to cut down to size1927

flatten1932

to slap (a person) down1938

punk1963

c1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) ii. i. 41 a Fortune..Auailed hym from his royall see.

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia ii. sig. Qiv^v One that hath aualed the hyghe nature of his sowle to the vielnes of brute beastes bodies.

a1639 H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) It pleased him to..avale his goodness, even to the giving of his friend secret directions.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	avale
释义	† avalen. Forms: In 1500s auail. Etymology: < avale v. Obsolete. rare. 1. Abasement, humiliation. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > [noun] bismerc893 humiliationc1386 lowinga1398 dejectionc1450 avale?a1513 depression?1531 embasing1551 abasement1561 debasement1593 mortification1598 exinanitiona1631 demissiona1638 dejectment1656 depressure1656 dismounting1677 letting down1827 take-down1858 snubbing1861 scoring1893 deflation1958 a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 258 The lang availl on humill wyse. 2. ? Descent, disembarkation. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [noun] > landing or leaving ship landingc1440 landage1470 avalea1547 disbarking1598 disembarkment1598 disembarking1611 footinga1616 debarkmenta1739 debarkation1756 disembarkationa1776 shore-going1846 a1547 Earl of Surrey Poems (1964) 21 Furdering his hope, that is his sail Toward me, the swete port of his avail. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † avalev. Forms: Middle English–1700s auale, avale, Middle English–1500s auaile, Middle English–1500s auayle, avayle, 1500s advale, auayl, aueyle, 1600s avail. northernMiddle English awale, 1500s awail. See also aphetic vail v.² Etymology: < Old French avaler, < phrase à val < Latin ad vallem to the valley; = Provençal avalar , Italian avallare ; compare amount v., French amonter , < à mont , Latin ad montem . For the spelling advale , see ad- prefix. Obsolete. 1. intransitive. Of persons: To descend; to come, go, or get down; to dismount, alight. (Often with redundant down; cf. ascend up.) ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of a person lighteOE avalec1400 society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride a horse (or other animal) [verb (intransitive)] > dismount lighteOE alightOE falla1300 avoid1485 demountc1540 elight1542 descend1548 avale1590 dismount1594 alighten1600 unlight1623 unhorse1633 unmount1655 to get off1688 society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > riding in a vehicle > ride in a vehicle [verb (intransitive)] > alight from a vehicle dismount1594 avale1596 land1693 alight1704 to step out1753 unlight1796 to hop in (also out)1955 deboard1960 c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxvi. 266 Summe of the Jewes han..avaled down to the Valeyes. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 160/3 A corde by which he aualed doun and was saued. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure 6 When Phebus in the west Gan to avayle. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) ix. 856 Owre a bra downe awaland. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V4^v They..from their sweaty Coursers did auale. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. iii. sig. D^v Out of her Coch she gan auaile . View more context for this quotation 2. transitive. To descend, come down (a hill, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > descend [verb (transitive)] avalea1513 descend1536 dismount1589 to fall down ——1600 sink1805 society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > go down (a hill, etc.) avalea1513 descend1667 lower1780 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxxiiii The sayd hoost of Flemynges aualyd y^e Mount In a secret wyse. 3. a. intransitive. Of things: To sink, flow, or drop down. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] styc825 astyc975 alightOE to fall adownOE hieldc1275 downcomea1300 sink?a1300 avalec1374 to go downa1375 to come downc1380 dipc1390 descenda1393 clinea1400 declinea1400 downc1400 inclinec1400 vailc1400 fallc1440 devall1477 condescendc1485 to get down1567 lower1575 dismount1579 to fall down1632 down?1701 demount1837 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. vi. 143 Þe heuy erþes aualen by her weyȝtes. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 144/2 The precious blood aualed by the shafte of the spere upon hys hondes. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure 92 The droppes..Whiche from her eyen began to advale. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A6 But when his later spring gins to avale, Huge heapes of mudd he [sc. Nilus] leaves. b. To sail down stream, or away on an ebb tide. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of tides > [verb (intransitive)] > go with or take advantage of tide vail1544 avalea1547 to tide it1627 drop1790 to tide one's way1827 a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Fourth Bk. Aeneas (1554) iv. sig. Ci^v To flyght Was armed the shyppe all redy to auale. 1599 R. Bodenham in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 99 I valed downe that night 10 miles to take the tide in the morning. 4. transferred and figurative. To lower oneself, submit, yield. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit [verb (intransitive)] onboweOE bowa1000 abeyc1300 yielda1330 loutc1330 couchc1386 to come to a person's mercy?a1400 to do (also put) oneself in (also to) a person's mercya1400 hielda1400 underlouta1400 foldc1400 to come (also to put oneself) in a person's willc1405 subjectc1475 defer1479 avale1484 to come in1485 submita1525 submita1525 stoop1530 subscribe1556 compromit1590 warpa1592 to yield (also bow oneself) to (also upon) mercy1595 to come in will to a person1596 lead1607 knuckle1735 snool1786 1484 W. Caxton tr. Ordre of Chyualry (1926) vii. 99 Auaryce..maketh noble courage to descende and auale. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xxix. 84 Whiche castell after aueyled to me. 5. transitive. To cause to descend, fall, or sink; to let down, lower; to send or direct downwards. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] besench971 avalec1314 sinka1325 lighta1400 to get downa1450 abasec1450 descenda1475 base1489 fall1595 slopea1616 dimit1628 demit1646 send1657 down1852 dip1879 c1314 Guy Warw. 80 His hauberk was al to tore And his nasel avaled bifore. c1400 Rom. Rose 1803 The thridde arowe..Into myn herte he dide avale. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 113 [Rahab] aualed hem by a corde from..the toune walles. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxxiv. 619 Drawe vp your ankers and aueyle your sayles. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Jan. 73 Phœbus gan auaile His weary waine. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 118/2 He ordered that the rods should be avaled in respect to the citizens. 6. To lower (the visor of a helmet), to uncover; hence, to take off, doff (hat, cap, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > cover or furnish with helmet [verb (transitive)] > lower (visor) avalec1330 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > undressing or removing clothing > undress or remove clothing [verb (transitive)] > take off clothing > specific garments avalec1330 vailc1450 to gather offc1460 strip1607 unmufflea1652 to strip up1664 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 97 Ilk auailed his helme, & to conseile drowe. c1386 G. Chaucer Miller's Prol. 14 He wold avale nowther hood ne hat. c1420 Anturs of Arth. xxxii He auaylet vppe his viserne. 1544 J. Bale Brefe Chron. Syr J. Oldcastell in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) I. 272 All the clergye..avayling their bonnettes. 1557 Malory's Story Noble & Worthy Kynge Arthur (Copland) v. xii Y^e kyng aualed his vyser with a meke and noble countenance. 7. figurative. To degrade, abase, humble; to lower. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > humiliate [verb (transitive)] anitherOE fellOE lowc1175 to lay lowc1225 to set adownc1275 snuba1340 meekc1350 depose1377 aneantizea1382 to bring lowa1387 declinea1400 meekenc1400 to pull downc1425 avalec1430 to-gradea1440 to put downc1440 humble1484 alow1494 deject?1521 depress1526 plucka1529 to cut (rarely to cast down) the comb of?1533 to bring down1535 to bring basec1540 adbass1548 diminish1560 afflict1561 to take down1562 to throw down1567 debase1569 embase1571 diminute1575 to put (also thrust) a person's nose out of jointc1576 exinanite1577 to take (a person) a peg lower1589 to take (a person) down a peg (or two)1589 disbasea1592 to take (a person) down a buttonhole (or two)1592 comb-cut1593 unpuff1598 atterr1605 dismount1608 annihilate1610 crest-fall1611 demit1611 pulla1616 avilea1617 to put a scorn on, upon1633 mortify1639 dimit1658 to put a person's pipe out1720 to let down1747 to set down1753 humiliate1757 to draw (a person's) eyeteeth1789 start1821 squabash1822 to wipe a person's eye1823 to crop the feathers of1827 embarrass1839 to knock (also take, etc.) (a person) off his or her perch1864 to sit upon ——1864 squelch1864 to cut out of all feather1865 to sit on ——1868 to turn down1870 to score off1882 to do (a person) in the eye1891 puncture1908 to put (a person) in (also into) his, her place1908 to cut down to size1927 flatten1932 to slap (a person) down1938 punk1963 c1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) ii. i. 41 a Fortune..Auailed hym from his royall see. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia ii. sig. Qiv^v One that hath aualed the hyghe nature of his sowle to the vielnes of brute beastes bodies. a1639 H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) It pleased him to..avale his goodness, even to the giving of his friend secret directions. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.?a1513v.c1314
随便看	smooth waters run deep smooth-bark smooth-bedded smooth-bellied smooth-booted smooth-boots smooth-bore smooth-bored smooth-browed smooth-cheeked smooth-chinned smooth-coated smooth-combed smooth-cut smooth-dittied smooth-edged smooth-face smooth-faced smooth-file smooth-fleshed smooth-flowing smooth-foreheaded smooth-fronted smooth-gliding smooth-going

† avalen.

† avalev.