haulmn.

Brit.

/hɔːm/,

/hɑːm/, U.S.

/hɔm/,

/hɑ(l)m/

Forms: Old English halm, healm, Middle English–1500s holme, 1500s–1600s halme, hawme, ham(e, 1600s–1700s hawm, 1600s–1800s haum, Middle English– halm, 1600s– haulm. (See also helm n.³)

Etymology: Old English healm = Old Saxon (Middle Dutch, Dutch), Old High German (Middle High German, modern German) halm stem or stalk of grass, stalk of a plant. Old Norse hâlmr (Swedish, Danish halm) straw < Old Germanic *halmo-z, representing a pre-Germanic *kalmos: compare Greek κάλαμος, Latin calamus reed.

a. collective singular. The stems or stalks of various cultivated plants, as peas, beans, vetches, hops, potatoes, etc., now less commonly of corn or grass; esp. as left after gathering the pods, ears, etc., and used for litter or thatching; straw.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > for thatching > wheat-straw

haulmc825

reed1415

wheat-straw?1523

reed straw1628

wheat-reed1811

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > straw > a single straw or particle of straw

strawc950

fescue1377

mote1550

haulm1552

feasetraw1595

straw-mote1747

Mott1963

c825 Vesp. Psalter lxxxii[i]. 14[13] Swe swe halme biforan onsiene windes.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 134 genim cetelhrum and berenhealm, gebærn & gnid togædere.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 148 genim rigen healm eft and beren.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 223/2 Halm, or stobyl..stipula.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 244/1 Holme, or halm.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Thacke eryge, holme, or strawe, stipula.

1565–73 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Casa Stramineæ casæ, made of holme.

1570 Stanford Churchwardens' Accts. in Antiquary (1888) Apr. 170 For hame to thatche the churche howse.

1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 54 The hawme is the strawe, of the wheat or the rie, which once being reaped, they mowe by and bie.

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 282 Finish the gathering and drying of your Hops; cleanse the Poles of the Hawm.

1674 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 68 Haulm or Helm, stubble gathered after the corn is inned.

1675 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 10 398 These apparent tangles were the ham of the beans.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at November Cut off the Asparagus Haulm when it is become Yellow.

1808 J. C. Curwen Hints Econ. Feeding Stock 11 (note) The potatoe top, or haulm, when properly dried, makes very good litter for cattle.

1887 Spectator 23 July 984/2 Peas often produce a great show of pods on short haulm in a dry summer.

b. with a and plural. A stalk or stem (of a bean, potato, grass, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > stem or stalk > [noun]

stealc700

stemc888

spirea1000

stalka1366

caulc1420

codd?1440

stalec1440

thighc1440

shank1513

pipe?1523

start?1523

spindle1577

leg1597

scape1601

haulm1623

caulicle1657

culm1657

thyrse1658

scapus1704

stemlet1838

stam1839

caulis1861

caulome1875

tige1900

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. iii. 12 Ða halmas..forbernes fyres in undrysnede.

1623 R. Whitbourne Disc. New-found-land 5 Great plenty of greene Pease and Fitches..the hawmes of them are good fodder for cattell.

1847 Illustr. London News 24 July 61/2 The decaying haulms of the potato.

1881 C. Darwin Form. Veg. Mould 117 A thin cylindrical object such as a haulm of grass.

c. attributive.

ΚΠ

1862 T. Hughes in Macmillan's Mag. 5 241/2 They..came upon haulm walls and hurdles, within which were a flock of sheep.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

haulmv.

Etymology: < haulm n.

transitive. To lay (straw or haulm) straight for thatching. (See also helm v.³)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > build or provide with specific parts [verb (transitive)] > roof > thatch > lay straw straight for thatching

haulma1642

helma1722

yelm1890

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 63 Sometimes..wee have beene forced to hawme wheate and rye stubble and therewith to thatch our stackes.

1767 A. Young Farmer's Lett. 205 Haulming, at one shilling and six-pence.

1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 i. 40 Without having to wait for haulming the stubble.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	haulm
释义	haulmn. Brit. /hɔːm/, /hɑːm/, U.S. /hɔm/, /hɑ(l)m/ Forms: Old English halm, healm, Middle English–1500s holme, 1500s–1600s halme, hawme, ham(e, 1600s–1700s hawm, 1600s–1800s haum, Middle English– halm, 1600s– haulm. (See also helm n.³) Etymology: Old English healm = Old Saxon (Middle Dutch, Dutch), Old High German (Middle High German, modern German) halm stem or stalk of grass, stalk of a plant. Old Norse hâlmr (Swedish, Danish halm) straw < Old Germanic halmo-z, representing a pre-Germanic kalmos: compare Greek κάλαμος, Latin calamus reed. a. collective singular. The stems or stalks of various cultivated plants, as peas, beans, vetches, hops, potatoes, etc., now less commonly of corn or grass; esp. as left after gathering the pods, ears, etc., and used for litter or thatching; straw. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > for thatching > wheat-straw haulmc825 reed1415 wheat-straw?1523 reed straw1628 wheat-reed1811 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > straw > a single straw or particle of straw strawc950 fescue1377 mote1550 haulm1552 feasetraw1595 straw-mote1747 Mott1963 c825 Vesp. Psalter lxxxii[i]. 14[13] Swe swe halme biforan onsiene windes. c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 134 genim cetelhrum and berenhealm, gebærn & gnid togædere. c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 148 genim rigen healm eft and beren. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 223/2 Halm, or stobyl..stipula. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 244/1 Holme, or halm. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Thacke eryge, holme, or strawe, stipula. 1565–73 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Casa Stramineæ casæ, made of holme. 1570 Stanford Churchwardens' Accts. in Antiquary (1888) Apr. 170 For hame to thatche the churche howse. 1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 54 The hawme is the strawe, of the wheat or the rie, which once being reaped, they mowe by and bie. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 282 Finish the gathering and drying of your Hops; cleanse the Poles of the Hawm. 1674 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 68 Haulm or Helm, stubble gathered after the corn is inned. 1675 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 10 398 These apparent tangles were the ham of the beans. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at November Cut off the Asparagus Haulm when it is become Yellow. 1808 J. C. Curwen Hints Econ. Feeding Stock 11 (note) The potatoe top, or haulm, when properly dried, makes very good litter for cattle. 1887 Spectator 23 July 984/2 Peas often produce a great show of pods on short haulm in a dry summer. b. with a and plural. A stalk or stem (of a bean, potato, grass, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > stem or stalk > [noun] stealc700 stemc888 spirea1000 stalka1366 caulc1420 codd?1440 stalec1440 thighc1440 shank1513 pipe?1523 start?1523 spindle1577 leg1597 scape1601 haulm1623 caulicle1657 culm1657 thyrse1658 scapus1704 stemlet1838 stam1839 caulis1861 caulome1875 tige1900 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. iii. 12 Ða halmas..forbernes fyres in undrysnede. 1623 R. Whitbourne Disc. New-found-land 5 Great plenty of greene Pease and Fitches..the hawmes of them are good fodder for cattell. 1847 Illustr. London News 24 July 61/2 The decaying haulms of the potato. 1881 C. Darwin Form. Veg. Mould 117 A thin cylindrical object such as a haulm of grass. c. attributive. ΚΠ 1862 T. Hughes in Macmillan's Mag. 5 241/2 They..came upon haulm walls and hurdles, within which were a flock of sheep. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). haulmv. Etymology: < haulm n. transitive. To lay (straw or haulm) straight for thatching. (See also helm v.³) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > build or provide with specific parts [verb (transitive)] > roof > thatch > lay straw straight for thatching haulma1642 helma1722 yelm1890 a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 63 Sometimes..wee have beene forced to hawme wheate and rye stubble and therewith to thatch our stackes. 1767 A. Young Farmer's Lett. 205 Haulming, at one shilling and six-pence. 1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 i. 40 Without having to wait for haulming the stubble. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.c825v.a1642
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