halaladj.n.

Brit.

/həˈlɑːl/,

/həˈlal/,

/hɑːˈlɑːl/, U.S.

/həˈlɑl/,

/həˈlæl/

Forms: 1700s– halal, 1800s– hallal, 1900s– halaal.

Origin: A borrowing from Arabic. Etymon: Arabic ḥalāl.

Etymology: < Arabic ḥalāl (noun) that which is permissible or lawful, (especially) ritually slaughtered meat. Compare halal v. Compare also the antonyms haram n.², haram adj.In quot. 1797 via German halal (1772 as halâl in the passage translated). Sense B. 2 developed within English.

A. adj.

a. Of food, a person's diet, etc.: conforming to Islamic dietary laws; (of meat) spec. slaughtered and prepared in a way which conforms to these laws. Cf. haram adj.Since the word is only a noun in Arabic, the early examples in this sense may be due to interpreting predicative use of the Arabic noun as adjectival.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [adjective] > ritually fit for food

halal1797

kosher1851

glatt kosher1902

pareve1933

1797 R. Heron tr. C. Niebuhr in tr. C. Niebuhr et al. Coll. Voy. & Trav. 149 Every pure animal, and every pure bird killed by the point of an arrow, or with a ball, is halal.

1836 H. H. Wilson Notes Indica of Ctesias 53 The flesh of the rhinoceros is halál, permitted, good.

1858 W. Jesse tr. J. P. Ferrier Hist. Afghans xxi. 289 They will not eat meat unless it is halal (lawful), that is, the animal must have its face turned towards Mecca, and its throat cut in a particular part of the neck.

1895 Daily News 1 June 5/5 The special ‘Halál’ meal, ordained for the I'd [i.e. Eid-al-Adha] in question, will be provided.

1966 Guardian 9 Dec. 8/6 Nuts, spices, curries, meat (avowedly halal at that!).

1981 Logansport (Indiana) Pharos-Tribune 20 Nov. 8/1 The provision of a Kosher diet to Orthodox Jews while denying..a Halal diet to Muslims violates the principle of equal treatment.

2016 S. Janmohamed Generation M ii. 34 The halal food and beverage sector alone in 2014 was estimated at over $1.1 trillion.

b. Designating the method or standards set out in Islamic law which relate to the slaughter of animals for food.

ΚΠ

1898 D. H. E. Sunder Final Rep. Surv. & Settlement Palamau Govt. Estate App. p. ccxvii They..eat meat only of animals slaughtered by the halal method of cutting the throat.

1934 Manch. Guardian 2 July 12/1 In the ‘halal’ method the head of the animal should not be completely severed from the body.

1952 J. Masters Deceivers xvii. 193 So the two black goats died, one in the Mohammedan manner, the halal, and one in the Hindu manner, its head struck off at a single blow.

2001 Philadelphia Inquirer 9 Oct. a13/2 Butchers specialize in meat slaughtered according to ritual halal standards.

c. Of a butcher's shop, restaurant, etc.: that sells or serves halal food (see sense A. 1a). Also of a butcher or abattoir: that slaughters animals in a way which conforms to Islamic law.

ΚΠ

1970 Observer 5 Apr. 3/3 Where there were once kosher shops, Halal restaurants flourish.

1976 Guardian 8 Apr. 14/7 The changes are visible on an immediate level, in the growth, for instance, of halal butchers' shops.

1992 Free China Rev. May 43/1 The meat they do eat must be killed by either a Muslim halal butcher, or one who is ‘of the Book’.

2016 Straits Times (Singapore) (Nexis) 12 June Business is brisk at halal restaurants and cafes offering a variety of cuisines for Muslims breaking fast.

2. Of behaviour, actions, a commercial product or service, etc.: (designed) in accordance with Islamic law or principles. Cf. haram adj.

ΚΠ

1845 C. White Three Years in Constantinople I. vii. 275 Upon this the Conqueror said, ‘Be it so! I will give him twenty golden pieces daily, and may this be halal? (lawful or accordant with justice).’

1972 tr. H. H. Işık Endless Bliss I. 12 It is halâl to lie in order to reconcile two Muslims.

1988 Barron's 23 May 40/2 (heading) Is there a halal mortgage? Managing Muslim money is no easy job.

2004 Muslim Weekly 11 June 4/1 The halal event is designed to allow professional Muslim singles to meet each other with a potential view to marriage.

2017 S. K. Ali Saints & Misfits 91 I need to go to the restroom. Sarah, are you going to come with me so that we keep this halal? I don't want to get in trouble with your dad for leaving you guys alone.

B. n.

a. That which conforms to Islamic law.

ΚΠ

1860 J. Gardner Faiths of World (new ed.) II. 4/1 Halal, what is permitted and sanctioned by the Mohammedan Law.

1930 Times of India 2 July 12/3 Haram is that which is prohibited by God and his Prophet and Halal is that which is permitted by them.

2004 M. N. Riaz & M. M. Chaudry Halal Food Production ii. 5 The life of a Muslim revolves around the concept of halal and haram.

b. spec. Food which conforms to Islamic dietary laws, esp. meat slaughtered and prepared in a way which conforms to these laws.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [noun] > halal or kosher food

herodian1609

kosher1886

halal1904

1904 Geogr. Jrnl. 23 570 They merely call themselves followers of Islam, eat ‘halal’, keep their women's heads covered, and give the Mussulman salutation ‘salaam’.

1950 R. M. Agarwala Solution Whole Communal Probl. India (ed. 2) xv. 49 Why cannot the ‘Muslims’ go on eating ‘Halal’ and the ‘Sikhs’ ‘Jhatka’, without interfering with one another's choice?

1997 L. S. Walbridge Without forgetting Imam iii. 147 If the butcher shops are not selling halal as they say they are, then the sin lies with them and not with their customers.

2005 H. Becher Family Pract. in S. Asian Muslim Families (2008) iv. 58 We're not allowed to eat pork. And we can eat any halal, we can eat chicken but only halal chicken.

2. The slaughter of an animal in accordance with the method set out in Islamic law. In later use without definite article.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > killing of animals > [noun] > by specific method

cabaging1575

spearing1784

pithing1806

pig-sticking1821

worry1847

shechita1875

halal1888

estocada1910

lethalling1925

roadkill1943

autocide1967

1888 Jrnl. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 3 195 Mirza Khan and Ghariba, with drawn knife, started off at a frightful pace for the ‘halal’ (cutting the throat).

1907 Western Field Mar. 120/2 After this ceremony, which is called the halal, the meat is fit for an orthodox Mussulman to eat.

1984 Hansard Commons (Electronic ed.) 18 May 643 My hon. Friend the Minister will agree that people who carry out Halal and Schechita are highly trained.

1995 Rural & Regional Affairs & Transport Legislation Comm. 261/2 in Parl. Deb. Senate, Legislative & Gen. Purpose Standing Comm. (Austral.) 2 Is there an element of cruelty or anything in the way halal is carried out?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

halalv.

Brit.

/həˈlɑːl/,

/həˈlal/,

/hɑːˈlɑːl/, U.S.

/həˈlɑl/,

/həˈlæl/

Forms: 1800s hulal, 1800s– halal, 1800s– hallal, 1900s– halaal.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: halal adj.

Etymology: < halal adj.

transitive. To slaughter (an animal) in the manner prescribed by Islamic law. Chiefly (and in earliest use) in passive. Formerly also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > killing of animals > kill animal [verb (transitive)] > by specific method

sticklOE

worry1340

strikea1400

spaya1425

lipc1475

smeek1691

pith1805

whoo-whoop1812

halal1819

to bark1865

destroy1866

flight1892

lethalize1897

lethal1922

1819 G. F. Sadleir Jrnl. July in Diary of Journey across Arabia (1977) 75 They have no repugnance to anything provided it has been ‘hulalled’.

1855 R. F. Burton Personal Narr. Pilgrimage to El-Medinah I. xiii. 377 To ‘halál’ is to kill an animal according to Moslem rites: a word is wanted to express the act, and we cannot do better than to borrow it from the people to whom the practice belongs.

1879 F. T. Pollok Sport Brit. Burmah I. iv. 142 My mahouts, when they have got down to halal, or cut the throat of a stag, have had a narrow escape.

1910 Scribner's Mag. Apr. 404/1 Wherever possible the game being hal-lalled in orthodox fashion by the Mahometans.

2007 India Today (Nexis) 5 Feb. (Society & Arts section) 81 How did a man, whose only connection with birds was with those hallaled and minced into a pilaf, end up becoming an authority on birds?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	halal
释义	halaladj.n. Brit. /həˈlɑːl/, /həˈlal/, /hɑːˈlɑːl/, U.S. /həˈlɑl/, /həˈlæl/ Forms: 1700s– halal, 1800s– hallal, 1900s– halaal. Origin: A borrowing from Arabic. Etymon: Arabic ḥalāl. Etymology: < Arabic ḥalāl (noun) that which is permissible or lawful, (especially) ritually slaughtered meat. Compare halal v. Compare also the antonyms haram n.², haram adj.In quot. 1797 via German halal (1772 as halâl in the passage translated). Sense B. 2 developed within English. A. adj. 1. a. Of food, a person's diet, etc.: conforming to Islamic dietary laws; (of meat) spec. slaughtered and prepared in a way which conforms to these laws. Cf. haram adj.Since the word is only a noun in Arabic, the early examples in this sense may be due to interpreting predicative use of the Arabic noun as adjectival. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [adjective] > ritually fit for food halal1797 kosher1851 glatt kosher1902 pareve1933 1797 R. Heron tr. C. Niebuhr in tr. C. Niebuhr et al. Coll. Voy. & Trav. 149 Every pure animal, and every pure bird killed by the point of an arrow, or with a ball, is halal. 1836 H. H. Wilson Notes Indica of Ctesias 53 The flesh of the rhinoceros is halál, permitted, good. 1858 W. Jesse tr. J. P. Ferrier Hist. Afghans xxi. 289 They will not eat meat unless it is halal (lawful), that is, the animal must have its face turned towards Mecca, and its throat cut in a particular part of the neck. 1895 Daily News 1 June 5/5 The special ‘Halál’ meal, ordained for the I'd [i.e. Eid-al-Adha] in question, will be provided. 1966 Guardian 9 Dec. 8/6 Nuts, spices, curries, meat (avowedly halal at that!). 1981 Logansport (Indiana) Pharos-Tribune 20 Nov. 8/1 The provision of a Kosher diet to Orthodox Jews while denying..a Halal diet to Muslims violates the principle of equal treatment. 2016 S. Janmohamed Generation M ii. 34 The halal food and beverage sector alone in 2014 was estimated at over $1.1 trillion. b. Designating the method or standards set out in Islamic law which relate to the slaughter of animals for food. ΚΠ 1898 D. H. E. Sunder Final Rep. Surv. & Settlement Palamau Govt. Estate App. p. ccxvii They..eat meat only of animals slaughtered by the halal method of cutting the throat. 1934 Manch. Guardian 2 July 12/1 In the ‘halal’ method the head of the animal should not be completely severed from the body. 1952 J. Masters Deceivers xvii. 193 So the two black goats died, one in the Mohammedan manner, the halal, and one in the Hindu manner, its head struck off at a single blow. 2001 Philadelphia Inquirer 9 Oct. a13/2 Butchers specialize in meat slaughtered according to ritual halal standards. c. Of a butcher's shop, restaurant, etc.: that sells or serves halal food (see sense A. 1a). Also of a butcher or abattoir: that slaughters animals in a way which conforms to Islamic law. ΚΠ 1970 Observer 5 Apr. 3/3 Where there were once kosher shops, Halal restaurants flourish. 1976 Guardian 8 Apr. 14/7 The changes are visible on an immediate level, in the growth, for instance, of halal butchers' shops. 1992 Free China Rev. May 43/1 The meat they do eat must be killed by either a Muslim halal butcher, or one who is ‘of the Book’. 2016 Straits Times (Singapore) (Nexis) 12 June Business is brisk at halal restaurants and cafes offering a variety of cuisines for Muslims breaking fast. 2. Of behaviour, actions, a commercial product or service, etc.: (designed) in accordance with Islamic law or principles. Cf. haram adj. ΚΠ 1845 C. White Three Years in Constantinople I. vii. 275 Upon this the Conqueror said, ‘Be it so! I will give him twenty golden pieces daily, and may this be halal? (lawful or accordant with justice).’ 1972 tr. H. H. Işık Endless Bliss I. 12 It is halâl to lie in order to reconcile two Muslims. 1988 Barron's 23 May 40/2 (heading) Is there a halal mortgage? Managing Muslim money is no easy job. 2004 Muslim Weekly 11 June 4/1 The halal event is designed to allow professional Muslim singles to meet each other with a potential view to marriage. 2017 S. K. Ali Saints & Misfits 91 I need to go to the restroom. Sarah, are you going to come with me so that we keep this halal? I don't want to get in trouble with your dad for leaving you guys alone. B. n. 1. a. That which conforms to Islamic law. ΚΠ 1860 J. Gardner Faiths of World (new ed.) II. 4/1 Halal, what is permitted and sanctioned by the Mohammedan Law. 1930 Times of India 2 July 12/3 Haram is that which is prohibited by God and his Prophet and Halal is that which is permitted by them. 2004 M. N. Riaz & M. M. Chaudry Halal Food Production ii. 5 The life of a Muslim revolves around the concept of halal and haram. b. spec. Food which conforms to Islamic dietary laws, esp. meat slaughtered and prepared in a way which conforms to these laws. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [noun] > halal or kosher food herodian1609 kosher1886 halal1904 1904 Geogr. Jrnl. 23 570 They merely call themselves followers of Islam, eat ‘halal’, keep their women's heads covered, and give the Mussulman salutation ‘salaam’. 1950 R. M. Agarwala Solution Whole Communal Probl. India (ed. 2) xv. 49 Why cannot the ‘Muslims’ go on eating ‘Halal’ and the ‘Sikhs’ ‘Jhatka’, without interfering with one another's choice? 1997 L. S. Walbridge Without forgetting Imam iii. 147 If the butcher shops are not selling halal as they say they are, then the sin lies with them and not with their customers. 2005 H. Becher Family Pract. in S. Asian Muslim Families (2008) iv. 58 We're not allowed to eat pork. And we can eat any halal, we can eat chicken but only halal chicken. 2. The slaughter of an animal in accordance with the method set out in Islamic law. In later use without definite article. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > killing of animals > [noun] > by specific method cabaging1575 spearing1784 pithing1806 pig-sticking1821 worry1847 shechita1875 halal1888 estocada1910 lethalling1925 roadkill1943 autocide1967 1888 Jrnl. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 3 195 Mirza Khan and Ghariba, with drawn knife, started off at a frightful pace for the ‘halal’ (cutting the throat). 1907 Western Field Mar. 120/2 After this ceremony, which is called the halal, the meat is fit for an orthodox Mussulman to eat. 1984 Hansard Commons (Electronic ed.) 18 May 643 My hon. Friend the Minister will agree that people who carry out Halal and Schechita are highly trained. 1995 Rural & Regional Affairs & Transport Legislation Comm. 261/2 in Parl. Deb. Senate, Legislative & Gen. Purpose Standing Comm. (Austral.) 2 Is there an element of cruelty or anything in the way halal is carried out? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). halalv. Brit. /həˈlɑːl/, /həˈlal/, /hɑːˈlɑːl/, U.S. /həˈlɑl/, /həˈlæl/ Forms: 1800s hulal, 1800s– halal, 1800s– hallal, 1900s– halaal. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: halal adj. Etymology: < halal adj. transitive. To slaughter (an animal) in the manner prescribed by Islamic law. Chiefly (and in earliest use) in passive. Formerly also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > killing of animals > kill animal [verb (transitive)] > by specific method sticklOE worry1340 strikea1400 spaya1425 lipc1475 smeek1691 pith1805 whoo-whoop1812 halal1819 to bark1865 destroy1866 flight1892 lethalize1897 lethal1922 1819 G. F. Sadleir Jrnl. July in Diary of Journey across Arabia (1977) 75 They have no repugnance to anything provided it has been ‘hulalled’. 1855 R. F. Burton Personal Narr. Pilgrimage to El-Medinah I. xiii. 377 To ‘halál’ is to kill an animal according to Moslem rites: a word is wanted to express the act, and we cannot do better than to borrow it from the people to whom the practice belongs. 1879 F. T. Pollok Sport Brit. Burmah I. iv. 142 My mahouts, when they have got down to halal, or cut the throat of a stag, have had a narrow escape. 1910 Scribner's Mag. Apr. 404/1 Wherever possible the game being hal-lalled in orthodox fashion by the Mahometans. 2007 India Today (Nexis) 5 Feb. (Society & Arts section) 81 How did a man, whose only connection with birds was with those hallaled and minced into a pilaf, end up becoming an authority on birds? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1797v.1819
随便看	prestigemarking prestiger prestiges prestigest prestigey prestigiate prestigiated prestigiating prestigiation prestigiator prestigiators prestigiatory prestiginous prestigion prestigious prestigiously prestigiousness prestigiousnesses prestigy prestimonial prestimony prestimulus presting prestissimo prestissimos