hamstern.

Brit.

/ˈham(p)stə/, U.S.

/ˈhæm(p)stər/

Forms: 1600s hamester, 1600s– hamster, 1800s– hampster.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Hamster.

Etymology: < German Hamster (Old High German hamustro, hamustra, Middle High German hamster) < Old Russian xoměstor′′ hamster (1073), further origin uncertain; perhaps < an Iranian language (compare Avestan hamaēstar- one who overthrows, tramples down), in which case the name may refer to the animal being regarded as a pest of crops or stored food.Compare Old Saxon hamustra (Middle Low German hāmester) < Old High German. While the sense in Russian, Middle High German, and German is ‘hamster’, the instances in Old High German and Old Saxon gloss classical Latin curculiō (also gurguliō) corn-weevil. However, either the Old High German and Old Saxon words, or post-classical Latin curculio, gurgulio, could probably be applied to different crop or grain pests (compare the 15th-cent. gloss of post-classical Latin gurgulio with Middle French mulot, perhaps meaning ‘field mouse’: see Dictionnaire du moyen français website at mulot). Compare Lithuanian †kamas rat and staras ground squirrel, both perhaps < shortened forms of Old Russian xoměstor′′ (compare Old Russian xoměk′′, xomjak′′ hamster (14th cent.; Russian xomjak) < xom- in xoměstor′′ + a diminutive suffix).

1. Any of various small burrowing rodents comprising the subfamily Cricetinae, which are native to Eurasia and have a short tail, stout body, and large cheek pouches used to carry food for storage. Also with distinguishing word. See also golden hamster n., rice hamster n.Several species, esp. the golden hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus), are widely kept as pets or as laboratory animals.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Myomorpha (mouse, rat, vole, or hamster) > [noun] > family Cricetidae > genus Cricetus (hamster)

hamster1607

hamster mouse1607

German marmot1771

rice hamster1792

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 531 The skins of Hamsters are very durable.

1744 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 81 The Cricetus, or German rat, which Mr. Buffon calls the hamster.

1849 Sketches Nat. Hist.: Mammalia IV. 69 Fortunately for England the hamster is not indigenous within the precincts of the island.

1949 A. P. Morgan Pet Bk. for Boys & Girls (1951) vi. 107 The first time you feed a pet hamster, do not worry if its face and neck swell up and it seems to have developed a sudden case of mumps.

1993 Amer. Zoologist 33 267/2 The siberian dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus)..is also acutely sensitive to social, dietary and climatic changes.

2008 Coventry Evening Tel. (Nexis) 12 Jan. 19 Small furries, such as rabbits and hamsters, often require special care during the winter.

2. The fur of the hamster.

ΚΠ

1821 Morning Post 31 Oct. (advt.) Chinchella, 35s. to 45s.; Lustred Lynx, 22s 6d. to 35s.; Assyrian Hamster, 23s. 6d.; Squirrel, 23s. 6d.

1895 Spectator 23 Nov. 722/1 Lining-furs, such as squirrel, hampster, musk-rat.

1969 Deseret News (Salt Lake City, Utah Territory) 17 Dec. c3/2 (advt.) This cuddlesome, double-breasted Hamster Coat is just one of our..smartly styled Furs.

2001 Evening Standard (Nexis) 22 May [She] knocked pink pashmina gentility into touch with an orange pash number lined with hamster.

Compounds

hamster ball n. a transparent plastic sphere in which a hamster or other small pet can run (causing the sphere to roll around) to get exercise.

ΚΠ

1974 Silver City (New Mexico) Daily Press 17 Oct. ii. 7/1 (advt.) Copper Pet Center... Hamster balls $3.98.

2002 C. H. Daly Rats (ed. 2) 31 Don't use hamster balls with your rat.

hamster mouse n. now rare a hamster; (in later use) esp. a dwarf hamster of the genus Cricetulus.

ΘΚΠ

hamster1607

hamster mouse1607

German marmot1771

rice hamster1792

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 529 (heading) Of the Hamester-mouse.

1829 J. L. Knapp Jrnl. Naturalist 151 The hairs of the hamster mouse..have a central perforation, apparently uninterrupted throughout their whole length.

1939 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1938 90 276 The description of this hamster-mouse, the type of which came from Tingri, Tibet... Adults are nearly uniform pale ochraceous above, with only a very slight admixture of black-tipped hairs, paler, more sandy on the forehead, cheeks and nape.

hamster rat n. (a) a hamster, esp. the European hamster, Cricetus cricetus (now rare); (b) any of several African pouched rats of the subfamily Cricetomyinae.

ΚΠ

1781 T. Pennant Hist. Quadrupeds II. 461 Hamster rat... With large rounded ears: full black eyes: color on the head and back, reddish brown.

1895 tr. R. Schmidtlein Brehm's Life Animals 332/2 The Hamster Rat (Mus or Cricetomys gambianus)..at present worries the merchants of Zanzibar more than all European Rats together.

1914 J. Geikie Antiq. Man in Europe i. 28 Among the most characteristic animals of the sub-arctic steppes are jerboas,..pika or tailless hare, small hamster rat, various voles,..wild horse, etc.

2016 S. Powers Learning Node (ed. 2) (colophon) The hamster rat inhabits the African forests from Kenya to Tanzania.

hamster wheel n. a small treadwheel on which a hamster or other small pet can run to get exercise; also figurative and in figurative contexts.

ΚΠ

1949 Los Angeles Times 9 Oct. b20/4 (advt.) Hamster wheels.

1985 Times 23 Dec. 13/2 Only the Italians continue to run round the hamster wheel of wage-price rises.

2004 L. Rule Ghosts among Us v. 74 The distinctive squeak of Bubbles's hamster wheel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

单词	hamster
释义	hamstern. Brit. /ˈham(p)stə/, U.S. /ˈhæm(p)stər/ Forms: 1600s hamester, 1600s– hamster, 1800s– hampster. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Hamster. Etymology: < German Hamster (Old High German hamustro, hamustra, Middle High German hamster) < Old Russian xoměstor′′ hamster (1073), further origin uncertain; perhaps < an Iranian language (compare Avestan hamaēstar- one who overthrows, tramples down), in which case the name may refer to the animal being regarded as a pest of crops or stored food.Compare Old Saxon hamustra (Middle Low German hāmester) < Old High German. While the sense in Russian, Middle High German, and German is ‘hamster’, the instances in Old High German and Old Saxon gloss classical Latin curculiō (also gurguliō) corn-weevil. However, either the Old High German and Old Saxon words, or post-classical Latin curculio, gurgulio, could probably be applied to different crop or grain pests (compare the 15th-cent. gloss of post-classical Latin gurgulio with Middle French mulot, perhaps meaning ‘field mouse’: see Dictionnaire du moyen français website at mulot). Compare Lithuanian †kamas rat and staras ground squirrel, both perhaps < shortened forms of Old Russian xoměstor′′ (compare Old Russian xoměk′′, xomjak′′ hamster (14th cent.; Russian xomjak) < xom- in xoměstor′′ + a diminutive suffix). 1. Any of various small burrowing rodents comprising the subfamily Cricetinae, which are native to Eurasia and have a short tail, stout body, and large cheek pouches used to carry food for storage. Also with distinguishing word. See also golden hamster n., rice hamster n.Several species, esp. the golden hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus), are widely kept as pets or as laboratory animals. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Myomorpha (mouse, rat, vole, or hamster) > [noun] > family Cricetidae > genus Cricetus (hamster) hamster1607 hamster mouse1607 German marmot1771 rice hamster1792 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 531 The skins of Hamsters are very durable. 1744 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 81 The Cricetus, or German rat, which Mr. Buffon calls the hamster. 1849 Sketches Nat. Hist.: Mammalia IV. 69 Fortunately for England the hamster is not indigenous within the precincts of the island. 1949 A. P. Morgan Pet Bk. for Boys & Girls (1951) vi. 107 The first time you feed a pet hamster, do not worry if its face and neck swell up and it seems to have developed a sudden case of mumps. 1993 Amer. Zoologist 33 267/2 The siberian dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus)..is also acutely sensitive to social, dietary and climatic changes. 2008 Coventry Evening Tel. (Nexis) 12 Jan. 19 Small furries, such as rabbits and hamsters, often require special care during the winter. 2. The fur of the hamster. ΚΠ 1821 Morning Post 31 Oct. (advt.) Chinchella, 35s. to 45s.; Lustred Lynx, 22s 6d. to 35s.; Assyrian Hamster, 23s. 6d.; Squirrel, 23s. 6d. 1895 Spectator 23 Nov. 722/1 Lining-furs, such as squirrel, hampster, musk-rat. 1969 Deseret News (Salt Lake City, Utah Territory) 17 Dec. c3/2 (advt.) This cuddlesome, double-breasted Hamster Coat is just one of our..smartly styled Furs. 2001 Evening Standard (Nexis) 22 May [She] knocked pink pashmina gentility into touch with an orange pash number lined with hamster. Compounds hamster ball n. a transparent plastic sphere in which a hamster or other small pet can run (causing the sphere to roll around) to get exercise. ΚΠ 1974 Silver City (New Mexico) Daily Press 17 Oct. ii. 7/1 (advt.) Copper Pet Center... Hamster balls $3.98. 2002 C. H. Daly Rats (ed. 2) 31 Don't use hamster balls with your rat. hamster mouse n. now rare a hamster; (in later use) esp. a dwarf hamster of the genus Cricetulus. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Myomorpha (mouse, rat, vole, or hamster) > [noun] > family Cricetidae > genus Cricetus (hamster) hamster1607 hamster mouse1607 German marmot1771 rice hamster1792 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 529 (heading) Of the Hamester-mouse. 1829 J. L. Knapp Jrnl. Naturalist 151 The hairs of the hamster mouse..have a central perforation, apparently uninterrupted throughout their whole length. 1939 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1938 90 276 The description of this hamster-mouse, the type of which came from Tingri, Tibet... Adults are nearly uniform pale ochraceous above, with only a very slight admixture of black-tipped hairs, paler, more sandy on the forehead, cheeks and nape. hamster rat n. (a) a hamster, esp. the European hamster, Cricetus cricetus (now rare); (b) any of several African pouched rats of the subfamily Cricetomyinae. ΚΠ 1781 T. Pennant Hist. Quadrupeds II. 461 Hamster rat... With large rounded ears: full black eyes: color on the head and back, reddish brown. 1895 tr. R. Schmidtlein Brehm's Life Animals 332/2 The Hamster Rat (Mus or Cricetomys gambianus)..at present worries the merchants of Zanzibar more than all European Rats together. 1914 J. Geikie Antiq. Man in Europe i. 28 Among the most characteristic animals of the sub-arctic steppes are jerboas,..pika or tailless hare, small hamster rat, various voles,..wild horse, etc. 2016 S. Powers Learning Node (ed. 2) (colophon) The hamster rat inhabits the African forests from Kenya to Tanzania. hamster wheel n. a small treadwheel on which a hamster or other small pet can run to get exercise; also figurative and in figurative contexts. ΚΠ 1949 Los Angeles Times 9 Oct. b20/4 (advt.) Hamster wheels. 1985 Times 23 Dec. 13/2 Only the Italians continue to run round the hamster wheel of wage-price rises. 2004 L. Rule Ghosts among Us v. 74 The distinctive squeak of Bubbles's hamster wheel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < n.1607
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