haftarahn.

Brit.

/ˌhɑːftəˈrɑː/, U.S.

/ˌhɑftəˈrɑ/

Inflections: Plural haftaroth, haftarot, haftarahs.

Forms:

α. 1600s– haphtara, 1600s– haphtarah, 1700s–1800s haptharah, 1700s– haftara, 1800s hapthara, 1800s– haftarah, 1800s– haphthara, 1800s– haphtharah.

β. 1700s– haphthorah, 1800s– haftora, 1800s– haftorah, 1800s– haphtora, 1800s– haphtorah, 1800s– hapthorah, 1900s– haftoro, 1900s– haphtoro.

γ. 1900s– haftoyre.

Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Partly also a borrowing from Yiddish. Etymons: Hebrew hapṭārāh; Yiddish haftoyre.

Etymology: < post-biblical Hebrew hapṭārāh (Babylonian Talmud: Megillah 29–31) < either hipṭar ‘to dismiss’ or its etymon pāṭar ‘to conclude’, the lesson being so called because it originally marked the end of a synagogue service. The β. forms reflect the Ashkenazic pronunciation of the Hebrew word. In γ. forms via Yiddish haftoyre, which shows folk-etymological alteration after toyre Torah n.The origin of the lesson is uncertain. It has frequently been suggested that either: (i) the lesson was introduced in the second century bce as a substitute for liturgical reading from the Torah after this had been banned by the Seleucid King Antiochus IV Epiphanes (c215–164 bce, king from 175), or (ii) that the lesson originated as an effort by Jews to distinguish themselves from the Samaritans, who only recognize the Torah, but not the Prophets, as Scripture. However, there is no secure evidence to support either of these suggestions. The earliest secure references to the haftarah occur in the New Testament (Acts 13:15, and probably also Luke 4:17). N.E.D. (1898) gives the pronunciation as (haftā·ră) /hafˈtaːra/. In plural forms in -ot, -oth after the Hebrew plural form hapṭārōṯ.

Judaism.

In Jewish liturgy: a lesson from any one of the Former or Latter Prophets (see prophet n. 2a), read in synagogues after the parashah (parashah n.) or reading from the Law.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > parts of service > [noun] > addition to Jewish Liturgy

haftarah1629

piyut1850

1629 J. Lightfoot Erubhin xlvi. 149 Few mark how sweetly this is answered with the same Phrase in manner, in the Haphtara which is read by the Iewes to this portion of Moses.

1646 H. Hammond Let. 4 Nov. in Copy of Papers betwixt Author of Pract. Catechisme & Mr. Ch. (1647) 110 The lessons of the Prophets distributed into as many haphtaroth, or Aperturae, or, as some render it, Dimissiones, so divided that there may bee one for every Sabbath in an intercalary yeare.

1723 S. Mather Vindic. Holy Bible 362 Which custom of reading these Haphthorahs as an addition to the law paraschas, still continues.

1815 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) IV. 558 How could he have directed & joined in the public Recitation of the Haphtharoth (Lessons from the Prophets) together with the Paraschith (the Lessons from the Books of Moses) in the Temple.

1891 M. Friedländer Jewish Relig. 347 Prophets is called..haphtarah, ‘conclusion’.

1907 I. Zangwill Ghetto Comedies 141 You shall read the Haphtorah (prophetic section) next Shabbos.

1932 C. Roth Hist. Marranos xiii. 326 A translation of the Bible..contained a list of the Haftarot (Prophetical lessons).

1973 Jewish Chron. 2 Feb. 23/4 During the reading I sat with anticipation awaiting his rendering of the haftara.

2008 New Yorker 27 Oct. 36/2 Gross said that his biggest hurdle had been practicing for his bar mitzvah. ‘I had the longest haftarah and the second-longest Torah portion,’ he explained.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	haftarah
释义	haftarahn. Brit. /ˌhɑːftəˈrɑː/, U.S. /ˌhɑftəˈrɑ/ Inflections: Plural haftaroth, haftarot, haftarahs. Forms: α. 1600s– haphtara, 1600s– haphtarah, 1700s–1800s haptharah, 1700s– haftara, 1800s hapthara, 1800s– haftarah, 1800s– haphthara, 1800s– haphtharah. β. 1700s– haphthorah, 1800s– haftora, 1800s– haftorah, 1800s– haphtora, 1800s– haphtorah, 1800s– hapthorah, 1900s– haftoro, 1900s– haphtoro. γ. 1900s– haftoyre. Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Partly also a borrowing from Yiddish. Etymons: Hebrew hapṭārāh; Yiddish haftoyre. Etymology: < post-biblical Hebrew hapṭārāh (Babylonian Talmud: Megillah 29–31) < either hipṭar ‘to dismiss’ or its etymon pāṭar ‘to conclude’, the lesson being so called because it originally marked the end of a synagogue service. The β. forms reflect the Ashkenazic pronunciation of the Hebrew word. In γ. forms via Yiddish haftoyre, which shows folk-etymological alteration after toyre Torah n.The origin of the lesson is uncertain. It has frequently been suggested that either: (i) the lesson was introduced in the second century bce as a substitute for liturgical reading from the Torah after this had been banned by the Seleucid King Antiochus IV Epiphanes (c215–164 bce, king from 175), or (ii) that the lesson originated as an effort by Jews to distinguish themselves from the Samaritans, who only recognize the Torah, but not the Prophets, as Scripture. However, there is no secure evidence to support either of these suggestions. The earliest secure references to the haftarah occur in the New Testament (Acts 13:15, and probably also Luke 4:17). N.E.D. (1898) gives the pronunciation as (haftā·ră) /hafˈtaːra/. In plural forms in -ot, -oth after the Hebrew plural form hapṭārōṯ. Judaism. In Jewish liturgy: a lesson from any one of the Former or Latter Prophets (see prophet n. 2a), read in synagogues after the parashah (parashah n.) or reading from the Law. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > parts of service > [noun] > addition to Jewish Liturgy haftarah1629 piyut1850 1629 J. Lightfoot Erubhin xlvi. 149 Few mark how sweetly this is answered with the same Phrase in manner, in the Haphtara which is read by the Iewes to this portion of Moses. 1646 H. Hammond Let. 4 Nov. in Copy of Papers betwixt Author of Pract. Catechisme & Mr. Ch. (1647) 110 The lessons of the Prophets distributed into as many haphtaroth, or Aperturae, or, as some render it, Dimissiones, so divided that there may bee one for every Sabbath in an intercalary yeare. 1723 S. Mather Vindic. Holy Bible 362 Which custom of reading these Haphthorahs as an addition to the law paraschas, still continues. 1815 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) IV. 558 How could he have directed & joined in the public Recitation of the Haphtharoth (Lessons from the Prophets) together with the Paraschith (the Lessons from the Books of Moses) in the Temple. 1891 M. Friedländer Jewish Relig. 347 Prophets is called..haphtarah, ‘conclusion’. 1907 I. Zangwill Ghetto Comedies 141 You shall read the Haphtorah (prophetic section) next Shabbos. 1932 C. Roth Hist. Marranos xiii. 326 A translation of the Bible..contained a list of the Haftarot (Prophetical lessons). 1973 Jewish Chron. 2 Feb. 23/4 During the reading I sat with anticipation awaiting his rendering of the haftara. 2008 New Yorker 27 Oct. 36/2 Gross said that his biggest hurdle had been practicing for his bar mitzvah. ‘I had the longest haftarah and the second-longest Torah portion,’ he explained. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1629
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