hand to handadv.adj.

Brit.

/ˌhan(d) tə ˈhand/, U.S.

/ˌhæn(d) tə ˈhænd/

Forms: see hand n. and to prep., conj., and adv. and hand n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hand n., to prep.

Etymology: < hand n. + to prep. + hand n. Compare Middle French main a main (adverb) at close quarters (second half of the 14th cent. or earlier). Compare hand unto hand at hand n. Phrases 5f.

A. adv.

Chiefly with reference to fighting: at close quarters; one to one; man to man.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [phrase] > at close quarters

hand to hand?a1400

at hand1565

to meet at hard edge1591

close quarters1809

at grips1857

corps à corps1890

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > [adverb] > in single combat or duel

hand to hand?a1400

hand of handc1425

hand by hand?a1439

hand for hand1490

hand unto handc1540

with hand to hand1548

at hand1565

pell-mell1579

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 9938 If I may not with þam mele, Hand to hand strokes dele.

a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) l. 6160 (MED) The Sowdon..in this mater dremyd sore he was; hym thought kyng Gwynan and Generides had fought hand to hand.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xliii. 144 To fyght with me hand to hande.

1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. C My selfe drinking hand to hand with the founder of them.

1640 Ld. Kynalmeaky in Lismore Papers (1888) 2nd Ser. IV. 147 The King went imediately with him, and there talk'd hand to hand some three houres.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 7 These silly ranting Privolvans..face their Neighbours Hand to Hand.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 81 That Grove for ever green, that conscious Lawnd, Where he with Palamon fought Hand to Hand.

1773 J. Macpherson tr. Homer Iliad I. xi. 318 To meet the foe, hand to hand.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby v. xxxiii. 260 They dare not, hand to hand, Bide buffet from a true man's brand.

1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece V. ii. xl. 117 A close combat hand to hand was indispensable.

1927 F. Green & H. Frost Some Famous Sea Fights ii. 69 King Svein first attacked the Norse battle-line hand to hand, many of his ships pushing their bows up against those of the Short Serpent, [etc.].

2002 R. Cohen By Sword i. iii. 53 Maybe..fighting your man hand to hand was a more honest activity for an Englishman.

B. adj.

Chiefly of fighting: carried out at close quarters or on a one-to-one basis; man-to-man. Also: of or relating to such fighting.

ΚΠ

1833 London & Paris Observer 11 Aug. 508/1 A most determined hand-to-hand conflict took place.

1836 E. Bulwer-Lytton Athens (1837) I. 478 The hand-to-hand valour of the Greeks.

1867 Mission Life 1 Mar. 190 The visitation of an Australian Bishop..is a hand-to-hand and heart-to-heart visit to each Clergyman.

1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xiv. 209 In these hand-to-hand engagements there were no wounded.

1915 C. T. Brady Island of Surprise xxviii. 319 They came on now, swinging their stone hatchets and other hand-to-hand weapons.

1958 Life 14 Apr. 137/1 Not that I was confident of licking him in a fair hand-to-hand fight any more than in a dirty one.

2003 National Geographic Dec. 128 Millions of Japanese schoolchildren still practice..hand-to-hand, unarmed combat.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hand to hand
释义	hand to handadv.adj. Brit. /ˌhan(d) tə ˈhand/, U.S. /ˌhæn(d) tə ˈhænd/ Forms: see hand n. and to prep., conj., and adv. and hand n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hand n., to prep. Etymology: < hand n. + to prep. + hand n. Compare Middle French main a main (adverb) at close quarters (second half of the 14th cent. or earlier). Compare hand unto hand at hand n. Phrases 5f. A. adv. Chiefly with reference to fighting: at close quarters; one to one; man to man. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [phrase] > at close quarters hand to hand?a1400 at hand1565 to meet at hard edge1591 close quarters1809 at grips1857 corps à corps1890 society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > [adverb] > in single combat or duel hand to hand?a1400 hand of handc1425 hand by hand?a1439 hand for hand1490 hand unto handc1540 with hand to hand1548 at hand1565 pell-mell1579 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 9938 If I may not with þam mele, Hand to hand strokes dele. a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) l. 6160 (MED) The Sowdon..in this mater dremyd sore he was; hym thought kyng Gwynan and Generides had fought hand to hand. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xliii. 144 To fyght with me hand to hande. 1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. C My selfe drinking hand to hand with the founder of them. 1640 Ld. Kynalmeaky in Lismore Papers (1888) 2nd Ser. IV. 147 The King went imediately with him, and there talk'd hand to hand some three houres. a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 7 These silly ranting Privolvans..face their Neighbours Hand to Hand. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 81 That Grove for ever green, that conscious Lawnd, Where he with Palamon fought Hand to Hand. 1773 J. Macpherson tr. Homer Iliad I. xi. 318 To meet the foe, hand to hand. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby v. xxxiii. 260 They dare not, hand to hand, Bide buffet from a true man's brand. 1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece V. ii. xl. 117 A close combat hand to hand was indispensable. 1927 F. Green & H. Frost Some Famous Sea Fights ii. 69 King Svein first attacked the Norse battle-line hand to hand, many of his ships pushing their bows up against those of the Short Serpent, [etc.]. 2002 R. Cohen By Sword i. iii. 53 Maybe..fighting your man hand to hand was a more honest activity for an Englishman. B. adj. Chiefly of fighting: carried out at close quarters or on a one-to-one basis; man-to-man. Also: of or relating to such fighting. ΚΠ 1833 London & Paris Observer 11 Aug. 508/1 A most determined hand-to-hand conflict took place. 1836 E. Bulwer-Lytton Athens (1837) I. 478 The hand-to-hand valour of the Greeks. 1867 Mission Life 1 Mar. 190 The visitation of an Australian Bishop..is a hand-to-hand and heart-to-heart visit to each Clergyman. 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xiv. 209 In these hand-to-hand engagements there were no wounded. 1915 C. T. Brady Island of Surprise xxviii. 319 They came on now, swinging their stone hatchets and other hand-to-hand weapons. 1958 Life 14 Apr. 137/1 Not that I was confident of licking him in a fair hand-to-hand fight any more than in a dirty one. 2003 National Geographic Dec. 128 Millions of Japanese schoolchildren still practice..hand-to-hand, unarmed combat. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.adj.?a1400
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