halon.

Brit.

/ˈheɪləʊ/, U.S.

/ˈheɪloʊ/

Forms: Also 1500s halon, 1600s–1700s in Latin form halos. Plural haloes, halos (also 1800s halones).

Etymology: = French halo, Italian alone, Spanish halon, < Latin halōs, < Greek ἅλως threshing floor, disk of the sun, moon, or a shield. The Romanic forms imply a Latin type *halo, -ōnem, which is also used in modern Latin.

a. A circle of light, either white or prismatically coloured, seen round a luminous body and caused by the refraction of light through vapour; spec. that seen round the sun or moon, commonly of 22 or 46 degrees radius, with the red extremity of the spectrum inside the circle.The definite size of halos and the arrangement of their prismatic colours distinguish them from coronæ, which are phenomena of diffraction, varying in size and having the red outside: see corona n.¹ 1. But the two words are often treated as synonymous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aureole

circlea1123

hale1440

brough1496

burrow1499

halo1563

shine1581

burr1631

broucha1657

glory1693

aureole1858

Scheiner's halo1983

1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 34 The Circle caled Halon, is a garland of diuerse collours that is seen about the sunne, the Moone, or any other sterre.

1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 36 Halone is seen aboute candelles, in smoky places, as are bathes & kychenes.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1202 Rainbowes, haloes or garlands about the Sunne, Moone, etc.

1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi v. §2. 134 This appearance is commonly called Halo; and the matter or subject of it is a cloud.

1762 W. Falconer Shipwreck i. 8 A mighty Halo round the lucid Sphere, Cross'd and divided, did on high appear.

1813 T. I. M. Forster Res. Atmosph. Phænom. ii. 75 A double halo is not a very common occurrence... Simple halones are generally about 45° in diameter... Triple halones are extremely rare occurrences.

1860 Cornhill Mag. Nov. 568 The halos... In summer..announce rain; in winter, thaw.

b. Applied to other circular luminous appearances; hence, by extension, to other things in the form of a circle or ring.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > [noun] > ring or sphere of

ringeOE

photosphere1664

armilla1675

halo1813

1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab i. 6 That [light] which, bursting from the Fairy's form, Spread a purpureal halo round the scene.

1844 A. B. Welby Poems (1867) 33 The sunlight round thy mossy cell A golden halo weaves.

1881 D. G. Rossetti House of Life ii When Death's nuptial change Leaves us for light the halo of his hair.

c. A coloured circle, such as those around the nipples, and those which surround vesicles or pustules; = areola n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > mark on skin > [noun]

markOE

lineationa1398

areola1706

halo1706

Mongolian spot1907

triradius1960

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Halo, or Halos..also a reddish Spot or Circle of Flesh which encompasses each Nipple in the Breasts of Women.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 616 Eruption of minute, acuminated vesicles..occasionally surrounded by a blushing halo.

1826 S. Cooper First Lines Pract. Surg. (ed. 5) ii. xv. 352 An ulcer of the cornea..its margin is surrounded by a slight halo of lymph.

d. plural. The rings of lighter and darker colour, usually concentric, in the yolk of an egg, the result of its deposition in successive layers.

ΚΠ

1886 in New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon

e. A style in women's hats (worn at the back of the head with the brim thus framing the face). Also attributive and in other combinations, as halo-brim(med), hat, style, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > shape, style, or fashion of > types of

marquise1896

halo1899

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [adjective] > hat > having a brim > other > style of

halo1899

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [adjective] > hat > having a brim > other

narrow-brimmed1711

curly-brimmed1890

poke-brimmed1899

halo1934

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > worn in specific way

slouched hat1779

halo1935

1899 Daily News 22 Apr. 8/4 Some of the new models [sc. hats] are intended to be put on in the halo style.

1903 Daily Chron. 24 Oct. 8/4 The hat makes a halo in front.

1934 Times 22 June 17/4 A brown halo hat.

1935 Times 17 June 11/3 Felt halos are made with a velvet cap in front, and cost 3½ guineas.

1935 Times 2 Oct. 17/4 A pale blue halo-brimmed hat.

1952 E. Grierson Reputation for Song xxvii. 244 Laura..wore a little black halo-hat to frame her pallid face.

f. A more or less circular bright or dark area formed in various photographic processes (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > qualities and effects > [noun] > other qualities and effects

ghost1851

solarization1853

flare1867

bronzing1868

ghost image1872

shine1880

orthochromatism1889

false image1892

flare-spot1893

halo1941

acutance1952

1941 Amer. Speech 16 316/2 Halo, the effect obtained in portraiture when a strong back-light is used.

1961 G. Millerson Technique Television Production iii. 49 Haloes (throw-off). A black aureole surrounding an over-bright high-contrast area, and obliterating the nearby picture.

1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber Graphic Arts Procedures: Offset Processes 541 Halo, a luminous circle or aura around the halftone dot.

2. The circle or disk of light with which the head is surrounded in representations of Christ and the Saints; a nimbus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > representation of god(s) > halo or nimbus

hornbeam1582

nimbus1606

halo1646

nimbe1830

nimb1849

society > faith > aspects of faith > holiness > saint > [noun] > celestial crown of

aureolec1220

aureola1483

glory1646

halo1646

nimbus1728

Gloria1784

nimbe1830

gloriole1844

nimb1849

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica v. viii. 247 Our Saviour, and the Virgin Mary..are commonly drawne with scintillations, or radiant Halo's about their head.

1870 F. M. Müller Chips from German Workshop III. vii. 186 Few saints, if any, did deserve their halo better than St. Louis.

3. figurative. The ideal glory with which a person or thing is invested when viewed under the influence of feeling or sentiment.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [noun]

athelc885

highnesseOE

brightnessOE

thrumOE

worshipOE

highship?c1225

nobleyec1300

pridec1330

realtya1375

rialtya1375

greatnessc1384

nobletya1387

magnificencec1390

regalya1393

greatheada1400

hautesse1399

lordliness1440

celsitudec1450

excelsitudec1470

state1488

princeliness1545

kingliness1548

royalty1548

amplitudec1550

grandity1589

grandeur1600

glory1613

majesticalness1613

augusteity1615

grandezza1629

augustness1644

raisedness1645

celsity1656

splendidnessa1657

grandness1663

exaltedness1730

halo1813

queenliness1831

aureole1852

magnateship1916

1813 Ld. Byron Giaour (new ed.) 5 Expression's last receding ray, A gilded halo hovering round decay!

1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 207 Encircled by a halo of literary glory.

1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. xii. 690 That halo which time had thrown round the oldest monarchy in Europe.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 390 Hagiographers have of course surrounded him with a halo of sanctity and miracle.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

halo-zone n.

ΚΠ

1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust (Boston ed.) II. i. ii. 12 The highest virtue, like a halo-zone Circles the Emperor's head.

halo-bright adj.

halo-girt adj.

ΚΠ

1833 R. Browning Pauline 320 Halo-girt with fancies of my own.

halo-like adj.

ΚΠ

1845 H. B. Hirst Poems 132 A glory dances Halo-like around her.

C2.

halo blight n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > bacterial diseases > associated with food or crop plants

fire blight1742

apple blight1835

pear blight1854

leaf scald1870

ring rot1875

angular leaf spot1896

blackarm1902

Moko1913

halo blight1920

1920 C. Elliott in Jrnl. Agric. Res. 19 139 This ‘halo-blight’ is a disease which occurs to at least some extent each year throughout the oat-growing sections of the central and eastern States.

1930 W. H. Burkholder in Mem. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exper. Station No. 127. 37 The most striking symptom [of Phytomonas medicaginis phaseolicola] arises from a local infection, and is the spot to which Miss Hedges has applied the term halo blight.

1954 A. G. L. Hellyer Encycl. Garden Work 115 Halo blight, a disease of beans also sometimes known as halo spot.

1955 Sci. Amer. June 83 Bacterial blight of beans..embraces a group of diseases: common blight, fuscous blight and halo blight, each caused by a different bacterium.

1971 M. Noble in J. H. Western Dis. Crop Plants iii. 33 In New South Wales an inspection scheme for bean (Phaseolus) seed has been in operation..for control of halo blight.

1971 J. Colhoun in J. H. Western Dis. Crop Plants x. 211 Halo blight of oats..is not regarded as constituting an economic problem in the British Isles.

halo effect n. Psychology the favourable bias in interviews, intelligence tests, and the like generated by an atmosphere of approbation; also transferred.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > test of mental ability > act of testing > [noun] > sympathy between tester and subject > favourable atmosphere

halo effect1938

1926 E. H. Magson in Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Monogr. Suppl. 9 89 It must be pointed out that it is quite unnecessary to employ a new technical term such as ‘halo’ or ‘aura’ to cover these cases.]

1938 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Jan. 285 Such general impressions, often called ‘halo effects’, have already been noted to affect the diagnosis of personal qualities.

1940 R. S. Woodworth Psychol. (ed. 12) v. 143 Another error [in rating intelligence tests] is known as the ‘halo effect’. If an individual creates a favourable impression by his excellence in one trait, you are apt to rate him near the top in every trait.

1967 Guardian 20 Dec. 1/6 Mrs. Castle..agreed that the new Act had a ‘halo’ effect in that it made drivers more careful.

halo spot n. either of two bacterial diseases caused by species of Pseudomonas, P. coronafaciens affecting oats, and P. phaseolicola affecting beans of the genus Phaseolus; characterized by brown spots surrounded by yellowish-green rings on leaves.

ΚΠ

1928 Jrnl. Agric. Res. 1 Mar. 428 Halo spot is known to occur in Georgia, Florida, and Connecticut.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	halo
释义	halon. Brit. /ˈheɪləʊ/, U.S. /ˈheɪloʊ/ Forms: Also 1500s halon, 1600s–1700s in Latin form halos. Plural haloes, halos (also 1800s halones). Etymology: = French halo, Italian alone, Spanish halon, < Latin halōs, < Greek ἅλως threshing floor, disk of the sun, moon, or a shield. The Romanic forms imply a Latin type halo, -ōnem, which is also used in modern Latin. 1. a. A circle of light, either white or prismatically coloured, seen round a luminous body and caused by the refraction of light through vapour; spec.* that seen round the sun or moon, commonly of 22 or 46 degrees radius, with the red extremity of the spectrum inside the circle.The definite size of halos and the arrangement of their prismatic colours distinguish them from coronæ, which are phenomena of diffraction, varying in size and having the red outside: see corona n.¹ 1. But the two words are often treated as synonymous. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aureole circlea1123 hale1440 brough1496 burrow1499 halo1563 shine1581 burr1631 broucha1657 glory1693 aureole1858 Scheiner's halo1983 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 34 The Circle caled Halon, is a garland of diuerse collours that is seen about the sunne, the Moone, or any other sterre. 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 36 Halone is seen aboute candelles, in smoky places, as are bathes & kychenes. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1202 Rainbowes, haloes or garlands about the Sunne, Moone, etc. 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi v. §2. 134 This appearance is commonly called Halo; and the matter or subject of it is a cloud. 1762 W. Falconer Shipwreck i. 8 A mighty Halo round the lucid Sphere, Cross'd and divided, did on high appear. 1813 T. I. M. Forster Res. Atmosph. Phænom. ii. 75 A double halo is not a very common occurrence... Simple halones are generally about 45° in diameter... Triple halones are extremely rare occurrences. 1860 Cornhill Mag. Nov. 568 The halos... In summer..announce rain; in winter, thaw. b. Applied to other circular luminous appearances; hence, by extension, to other things in the form of a circle or ring. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > [noun] > ring or sphere of ringeOE photosphere1664 armilla1675 halo1813 1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab i. 6 That [light] which, bursting from the Fairy's form, Spread a purpureal halo round the scene. 1844 A. B. Welby Poems (1867) 33 The sunlight round thy mossy cell A golden halo weaves. 1881 D. G. Rossetti House of Life ii When Death's nuptial change Leaves us for light the halo of his hair. c. A coloured circle, such as those around the nipples, and those which surround vesicles or pustules; = areola n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > mark on skin > [noun] markOE lineationa1398 areola1706 halo1706 Mongolian spot1907 triradius1960 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Halo, or Halos..also a reddish Spot or Circle of Flesh which encompasses each Nipple in the Breasts of Women. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 616 Eruption of minute, acuminated vesicles..occasionally surrounded by a blushing halo. 1826 S. Cooper First Lines Pract. Surg. (ed. 5) ii. xv. 352 An ulcer of the cornea..its margin is surrounded by a slight halo of lymph. d. plural. The rings of lighter and darker colour, usually concentric, in the yolk of an egg, the result of its deposition in successive layers. ΚΠ 1886 in New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon e. A style in women's hats (worn at the back of the head with the brim thus framing the face). Also attributive and in other combinations, as halo-brim(med), hat, style, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > shape, style, or fashion of > types of marquise1896 halo1899 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [adjective] > hat > having a brim > other > style of halo1899 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [adjective] > hat > having a brim > other narrow-brimmed1711 curly-brimmed1890 poke-brimmed1899 halo1934 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > worn in specific way slouched hat1779 halo1935 1899 Daily News 22 Apr. 8/4 Some of the new models [sc. hats] are intended to be put on in the halo style. 1903 Daily Chron. 24 Oct. 8/4 The hat makes a halo in front. 1934 Times 22 June 17/4 A brown halo hat. 1935 Times 17 June 11/3 Felt halos are made with a velvet cap in front, and cost 3½ guineas. 1935 Times 2 Oct. 17/4 A pale blue halo-brimmed hat. 1952 E. Grierson Reputation for Song xxvii. 244 Laura..wore a little black halo-hat to frame her pallid face. f. A more or less circular bright or dark area formed in various photographic processes (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > qualities and effects > [noun] > other qualities and effects ghost1851 solarization1853 flare1867 bronzing1868 ghost image1872 shine1880 orthochromatism1889 false image1892 flare-spot1893 halo1941 acutance1952 1941 Amer. Speech 16 316/2 Halo, the effect obtained in portraiture when a strong back-light is used. 1961 G. Millerson Technique Television Production iii. 49 Haloes (throw-off). A black aureole surrounding an over-bright high-contrast area, and obliterating the nearby picture. 1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber Graphic Arts Procedures: Offset Processes 541 Halo, a luminous circle or aura around the halftone dot. 2. The circle or disk of light with which the head is surrounded in representations of Christ and the Saints; a nimbus. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > representation of god(s) > halo or nimbus hornbeam1582 nimbus1606 halo1646 nimbe1830 nimb1849 society > faith > aspects of faith > holiness > saint > [noun] > celestial crown of aureolec1220 aureola1483 glory1646 halo1646 nimbus1728 Gloria1784 nimbe1830 gloriole1844 nimb1849 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica v. viii. 247 Our Saviour, and the Virgin Mary..are commonly drawne with scintillations, or radiant Halo's about their head. View more context for this quotation 1870 F. M. Müller Chips from German Workshop III. vii. 186 Few saints, if any, did deserve their halo better than St. Louis. 3. figurative. The ideal glory with which a person or thing is invested when viewed under the influence of feeling or sentiment. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [noun] athelc885 highnesseOE brightnessOE thrumOE worshipOE highship?c1225 nobleyec1300 pridec1330 realtya1375 rialtya1375 greatnessc1384 nobletya1387 magnificencec1390 regalya1393 greatheada1400 hautesse1399 lordliness1440 celsitudec1450 excelsitudec1470 state1488 princeliness1545 kingliness1548 royalty1548 amplitudec1550 grandity1589 grandeur1600 glory1613 majesticalness1613 augusteity1615 grandezza1629 augustness1644 raisedness1645 celsity1656 splendidnessa1657 grandness1663 exaltedness1730 halo1813 queenliness1831 aureole1852 magnateship1916 1813 Ld. Byron Giaour (new ed.) 5 Expression's last receding ray, A gilded halo hovering round decay! 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 207 Encircled by a halo of literary glory. 1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. xii. 690 That halo which time had thrown round the oldest monarchy in Europe. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 390 Hagiographers have of course surrounded him with a halo of sanctity and miracle. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. halo-zone n. ΚΠ 1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust (Boston ed.) II. i. ii. 12 The highest virtue, like a halo-zone Circles the Emperor's head. b. halo-bright adj. halo-girt adj. ΚΠ 1833 R. Browning Pauline 320 Halo-girt with fancies of my own. halo-like adj. ΚΠ 1845 H. B. Hirst Poems 132 A glory dances Halo-like around her. C2. halo blight n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > bacterial diseases > associated with food or crop plants fire blight1742 apple blight1835 pear blight1854 leaf scald1870 ring rot1875 angular leaf spot1896 blackarm1902 Moko1913 halo blight1920 1920 C. Elliott in Jrnl. Agric. Res. 19 139 This ‘halo-blight’ is a disease which occurs to at least some extent each year throughout the oat-growing sections of the central and eastern States. 1930 W. H. Burkholder in Mem. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exper. Station No. 127. 37 The most striking symptom [of Phytomonas medicaginis phaseolicola] arises from a local infection, and is the spot to which Miss Hedges has applied the term halo blight. 1954 A. G. L. Hellyer Encycl. Garden Work 115 Halo blight, a disease of beans also sometimes known as halo spot. 1955 Sci. Amer. June 83 Bacterial blight of beans..embraces a group of diseases: common blight, fuscous blight and halo blight, each caused by a different bacterium. 1971 M. Noble in J. H. Western Dis. Crop Plants iii. 33 In New South Wales an inspection scheme for bean (Phaseolus) seed has been in operation..for control of halo blight. 1971 J. Colhoun in J. H. Western Dis. Crop Plants x. 211 Halo blight of oats..is not regarded as constituting an economic problem in the British Isles. halo effect n. Psychology the favourable bias in interviews, intelligence tests, and the like generated by an atmosphere of approbation; also transferred. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > test of mental ability > act of testing > [noun] > sympathy between tester and subject > favourable atmosphere halo effect1938 1926 E. H. Magson in Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Monogr. Suppl. 9 89 It must be pointed out that it is quite unnecessary to employ a new technical term such as ‘halo’ or ‘aura’ to cover these cases.] 1938 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Jan. 285 Such general impressions, often called ‘halo effects’, have already been noted to affect the diagnosis of personal qualities. 1940 R. S. Woodworth Psychol. (ed. 12) v. 143 Another error [in rating intelligence tests] is known as the ‘halo effect’. If an individual creates a favourable impression by his excellence in one trait, you are apt to rate him near the top in every trait. 1967 Guardian 20 Dec. 1/6 Mrs. Castle..agreed that the new Act had a ‘halo’ effect in that it made drivers more careful. halo spot n. either of two bacterial diseases caused by species of Pseudomonas, P. coronafaciens affecting oats, and P. phaseolicola affecting beans of the genus Phaseolus; characterized by brown spots surrounded by yellowish-green rings on leaves. ΚΠ 1928 Jrnl. Agric. Res. 1 Mar. 428 Halo spot is known to occur in Georgia, Florida, and Connecticut. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). halov. Etymology: < halo n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈhalo. transitive. To surround, encompass, or invest with a halo. literal and figurative. Also with round. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [verb (transitive)] > aureole halo1801 enhalo1842 society > faith > aspects of faith > holiness > saint > cause to be as saint [verb (transitive)] > provide with halo halo1801 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > surround with > with or as with a halo halo1801 aureole1888 1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. ix. 171 The fire That haloed round his saintly brow. 1832 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 31 176 The burning light with which Minerva haloed his head. 1887 T. Hardy Woodlanders I. xiii. 244 The two lamps of a carriage, haloed by the fog. Derivatives ˈhaloing n. and adj. ΚΠ 1880 R. Georgehill Voices in Solitude 14 The Spring..with a haloing rainbow crowns her head. 1967 Gloss. Paper/Ink Terms for Letterpress Printing (B.S.I.) 9 Haloing, the appearance of vehicle from the ink round half-tone dots or characters. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2019). > see also also refers to : halo-comb. form¹ also refers to : halo-comb. form² < n.1563v.1801 see also
随便看	denmark satin denmark street denn dennebol denned dennet dennets denning denny denominable denominal denominant denominate denominated denominates denominating denomination denominational denominational system of education denominationalism denominationalisms denominationalist denominationalists denominationality denominationalize

halon.

Compounds

halov.

Derivatives

> see also