gummingn.¹

/ˈɡʌmɪŋ/

Etymology: < gum v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

The action of gum v.¹ in various senses.

1. The action †of treating with aromatic gums (obsolete); the action of fastening or smearing with gum; spec. the action of applying gum-water to a lithographic stone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > action of perfuming

gumming1419

perfuming1567

sweetening1591

aromatization1603

aromatizing1606

ambering1682

scenting1855

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [noun] > smearing or spreading with a substance

daubing1393

laying1496

gumming1580

slubbering1582

spreading1601

smearing1611

circumlition1656

oblimation1656

delinition1664

1419 Proclam. in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 672 To have a lykly manere taste and smell to the drynkyng of Romeney, thurgh þe gummyng and rasyng aboue seyd.

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Gommement, a gumming.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 137 The Face..will not admit of Gumming so well as the other parts of the Body.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 97/1 Gumming..is to rub the in-side of the Bed-Tick with..Gum.., to keep Feathers from coming through it.

a. The process (in fruit trees) of giving out a morbid exudation of gum; (in the eyelids) of becoming fastened together with gum; (in oils) of acquiring a gum-like consistency.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > associated with particular type of plant > trees > consisting of pathological production of gum

gumming1703

gum1721

gummosis1882

resin flux1887

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > other disorders of eyelids

ptilosis1684

trachoma1684

helosis1706

ptosis1710

blepharoptosis1807

symblepharon1819

raspberry lid1869

blepharospasm1872

sago-grain1873

gumming1874

Stellwag's sign1887

tylosis1890

cycloplegia1902

1703 tr. H. van Oosten Dutch Gardener v. xii. 284 The common Ailments that the Orange-Trees are subject to in these Countries, are, Gumming, growing Yellow,..and Changing.

1859 R. Thompson Gardener's Assistant 535 The latter [suckers or layers] are comparatively weak, and apt to cause gumming.

1874 G. Lawson Dis. Eye (ed. 2) 3 The tarsal edges of the lids should be anointed at night..to prevent their gumming together.

1892 Garden 27 Aug. 180 Much wood [of cherry trees] being lost through gumming and canker.

1931 in New Biol. (1953) XV. 38 Malformations of nuts, such as occur in gumming..were found to be physiological diseases.

b. The deposition of gum by petroleum products (see gum n.² 1j); the clogging of an engine as a result of this. Also gumming-up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] > becoming or making viscous > deposition of viscous matter from petroleum

gumming1915

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > [noun] > clogging due to deposit

gumming-up1915

1915 Jrnl. Inst. Petroleum Technologists 1 179 Any oil which was to be used satisfactorily in a motor-car must naturally have the terpene products removed, otherwise gumming took place, and the valves became clogged.

1927 Daily Express 15 July 9 The total absence of ‘gumming-up’ of piston rings.

1935 Nature 14 Sept. 413/1 Even the schoolboy and his sister talk glibly of anti~knock and gumming.

1942 A. W. Judge Automobile Engines (ed. 4) vii. 307 Important claims in regard to non~oxidising, gumming and sludging tendencies have been made for such oils.

1961 G. Claxton Benzoles xiv. 705 The extensive use of cracked petrols for blending purposes..has drawn attention to the important problem of the gumming of internal-combustion engines when run on fuels containing unsaturateds.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

gummingn.²

/ˈɡʌmɪŋ/

Etymology: < gum n.⁶ + -ing suffix¹.

Mining.

a. The clearing away of the fine coal and debris from the groove or undercut made by a coal-cutting machine. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > moving broken ore or debris

slushing1923

lashing1932

gumming1934

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Gumming spade.

1938 Colliery Engin. Mar. 81/1 The operation of ‘gumming’ or ‘scuffling’ out the kerf in the track of the coalcutter is at best a brutal and ineffective business.

1958 A. Nelson Methods of Working xiii. 156 Coal-cutters are now provided with efficient automatic gumming devices.

1960 J. Sinclair Winning Coal vi. 167 Gummers are provided as a substitute for a man with a gumming shovel.

b. plural =gum n.⁶

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] > small, refuse, impure, or coal-dust

slackc1440

smith coal1466

smithy coal1482

coal dusta1529

panwood1531

smith's coal1578

kirving1599

culm1603

coom1611

small coal1643

smit1670

smut1686

slag1695

duff1724

duff coal1724

small1780

gum1790

stinking coal1803

cobbles1811

nubbling1825

stinkers1841

rubble1844

pea1855

nuts1857

nut coal1861

slap1865

burgee1867

smudge1883

waste1883

treble1901

coal smut1910

gumming1938

nutty slack1953

1938 Colliery Engin. Sept. 293/2 The gummings brought out by the cutter chain are received in this spiral and delivered on the goaf side of the machine.

1956 E. Mason Deputy's Man. I. xviii. 254 The smalls produced by the picks are termed kirvings, gummings or cuttings.

1958 A. Nelson Methods of Working xiii. 158 Various appliances have been designed to trap the gummings from the cutter-chain and in this way the dust clouds are considerably reduced.

1959 G. D. Mitchell Sociol. iii. viii. 136 The first shift is concerned with..clearing out the ‘gummings’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	gumming
释义	gummingn.¹ /ˈɡʌmɪŋ/ Etymology: < gum v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. The action of gum v.¹ in various senses. 1. The action †of treating with aromatic gums (obsolete); the action of fastening or smearing with gum; spec. the action of applying gum-water to a lithographic stone. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > action of perfuming gumming1419 perfuming1567 sweetening1591 aromatization1603 aromatizing1606 ambering1682 scenting1855 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [noun] > smearing or spreading with a substance daubing1393 laying1496 gumming1580 slubbering1582 spreading1601 smearing1611 circumlition1656 oblimation1656 delinition1664 1419 Proclam. in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 672 To have a lykly manere taste and smell to the drynkyng of Romeney, thurgh þe gummyng and rasyng aboue seyd. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Gommement, a gumming. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 137 The Face..will not admit of Gumming so well as the other parts of the Body. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 97/1 Gumming..is to rub the in-side of the Bed-Tick with..Gum.., to keep Feathers from coming through it. 2. a. The process (in fruit trees) of giving out a morbid exudation of gum; (in the eyelids) of becoming fastened together with gum; (in oils) of acquiring a gum-like consistency. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > associated with particular type of plant > trees > consisting of pathological production of gum gumming1703 gum1721 gummosis1882 resin flux1887 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > other disorders of eyelids ptilosis1684 trachoma1684 helosis1706 ptosis1710 blepharoptosis1807 symblepharon1819 raspberry lid1869 blepharospasm1872 sago-grain1873 gumming1874 Stellwag's sign1887 tylosis1890 cycloplegia1902 1703 tr. H. van Oosten Dutch Gardener v. xii. 284 The common Ailments that the Orange-Trees are subject to in these Countries, are, Gumming, growing Yellow,..and Changing. 1859 R. Thompson Gardener's Assistant 535 The latter [suckers or layers] are comparatively weak, and apt to cause gumming. 1874 G. Lawson Dis. Eye (ed. 2) 3 The tarsal edges of the lids should be anointed at night..to prevent their gumming together. 1892 Garden 27 Aug. 180 Much wood [of cherry trees] being lost through gumming and canker. 1931 in New Biol. (1953) XV. 38 Malformations of nuts, such as occur in gumming..were found to be physiological diseases. b. The deposition of gum by petroleum products (see gum n.² 1j); the clogging of an engine as a result of this. Also gumming-up. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] > becoming or making viscous > deposition of viscous matter from petroleum gumming1915 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > [noun] > clogging due to deposit gumming-up1915 1915 Jrnl. Inst. Petroleum Technologists 1 179 Any oil which was to be used satisfactorily in a motor-car must naturally have the terpene products removed, otherwise gumming took place, and the valves became clogged. 1927 Daily Express 15 July 9 The total absence of ‘gumming-up’ of piston rings. 1935 Nature 14 Sept. 413/1 Even the schoolboy and his sister talk glibly of anti~knock and gumming. 1942 A. W. Judge Automobile Engines (ed. 4) vii. 307 Important claims in regard to non~oxidising, gumming and sludging tendencies have been made for such oils. 1961 G. Claxton Benzoles xiv. 705 The extensive use of cracked petrols for blending purposes..has drawn attention to the important problem of the gumming of internal-combustion engines when run on fuels containing unsaturateds. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). gummingn.² /ˈɡʌmɪŋ/ Etymology: < gum n.⁶ + -ing suffix¹. Mining. a. The clearing away of the fine coal and debris from the groove or undercut made by a coal-cutting machine. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > moving broken ore or debris slushing1923 lashing1932 gumming1934 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Gumming spade. 1938 Colliery Engin. Mar. 81/1 The operation of ‘gumming’ or ‘scuffling’ out the kerf in the track of the coalcutter is at best a brutal and ineffective business. 1958 A. Nelson Methods of Working xiii. 156 Coal-cutters are now provided with efficient automatic gumming devices. 1960 J. Sinclair Winning Coal vi. 167 Gummers are provided as a substitute for a man with a gumming shovel. b. plural =gum n.⁶ ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] > small, refuse, impure, or coal-dust slackc1440 smith coal1466 smithy coal1482 coal dusta1529 panwood1531 smith's coal1578 kirving1599 culm1603 coom1611 small coal1643 smit1670 smut1686 slag1695 duff1724 duff coal1724 small1780 gum1790 stinking coal1803 cobbles1811 nubbling1825 stinkers1841 rubble1844 pea1855 nuts1857 nut coal1861 slap1865 burgee1867 smudge1883 waste1883 treble1901 coal smut1910 gumming1938 nutty slack1953 1938 Colliery Engin. Sept. 293/2 The gummings brought out by the cutter chain are received in this spiral and delivered on the goaf side of the machine. 1956 E. Mason Deputy's Man. I. xviii. 254 The smalls produced by the picks are termed kirvings, gummings or cuttings. 1958 A. Nelson Methods of Working xiii. 158 Various appliances have been designed to trap the gummings from the cutter-chain and in this way the dust clouds are considerably reduced. 1959 G. D. Mitchell Sociol. iii. viii. 136 The first shift is concerned with..clearing out the ‘gummings’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.¹1419n.²1934
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gummingn.1

gummingn.2

gummingn.¹

gummingn.²