gumbon.

Brit.

/ˈɡʌmbəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈɡəmˌboʊ/

Forms: Also gombo.

Etymology: ‘from the Angolan kingombo, the ki- being the usual Bantu prefix, and -ngombo the real word’ (J. Platt, jun., in Athenæum, Sep. 1, 1900); Marcgraf 1648 writes quingombo.

U.S.

a. A colloquial name for the okra plant or its pods ( Hibiscus esculentus). Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible pods, seeds, leaves, or flowers > [noun] > okra

okra1679

bhindi1809

gumbo1845

lady's finger1850

1845 Bangor (Maine) Mercury At St. Peter's [Ill.] there is a large commerce carried on between the whites and redskins, for heads and whiskey, in exchange for skins and gumbo.

1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Gombo, or Gumbo, 1. the Southern name for what is called at the North, Okra, the pod of the Hibiscus esculentus.

1880 N. H. Bishop Four Months in Sneak-box 205 The mild-eyed Louisiana Indian woman with her sack of gumbo spread out before her.

1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 158/2 Gombo Fruits.

1893 C. G. Leland Memoirs I. 57 Terrapins and soft-shell crabs, gumbo,..peaches, venison.

b. A soup thickened with the mucilaginous pods of this plant. Also gumbo soup.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] > gumbo

gumbo1805

1805 J. F. Watson in Amer. Pioneer (1843) 2 233 Shrimps are much eaten here; also a dish called gumbo. This last is made of every eatable substance, and especially of those shrimps which can be caught at any time.

1813 Cramer's Alman. 1814 (Pittsburgh) 55 Beyond our usual dinner [we had]..gumbo soup.

1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Gombo, or Gumbo, 2. In the southern States, a soup in which this plant enters largely as an ingredient.

1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 13 Oct. The three gentlemen..eating gombo soup.

1883 Harper's Mag. Aug. 463/2 I should like mutton broth and gumbo every day.

1957 H. Croome Forgotten Place 95 [An] affable American brigadier who told her that the hot and tasty stuff they were eating was gumbo.

1970 New Yorker 10 Jan. 62/1 (advt.) You'll want to try—Crawfish Gumbo—a kind of spicy bouillabaisse.

a. Geology. ‘The stratified portion of the lower till of the Mississippi valley’ (Funk's Stand. Dict.).

ΚΠ

1881 Chicago Times 16 Apr. Such a thing as hard-pan, bed rock near the surface or gumbo is not found here [i.e. in Nebraska].

b. Western U.S. colloquial The mud of the prairies. Also gumbo mud.

ΚΠ

1891 C. Roberts Adrift in Amer. 27 [Fargo] The soil here is largely mixed with a kind of blue clay, locally known as ‘gumbo’.

1894 Cent. Mag. Jan. 453/1 Gumbo is..the clay of Northern Wyoming. When wet, it is the blackest, stickiest..mud that exists on earth.

1897 Outing 29 491/2 Only when in gumbo mud did we find our wheels to be a hindrance.

3. A patois spoken by black people and Creoles in the French West Indies, Louisiana, Bourbon, and Mauritius. Also attributive. [? A different word.]

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > pidgins and creoles > [noun] > French-based

gumbo1838

petit nègre1890

Sabir1939

1838 E. Flagg Far West II. 36 A spirited colloquy ensued in the patois of these old hamlets—a species of gumbo-French.

1880 G. W. Cable Grandissimes xxviii. 227 Bras-Coupé..mastered the ‘gumbo’ dialect in a few weeks.

1882 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited (1883) II. v. 65 The coloured people [in New Orleans] who gabble a wondrous salmagundi of a patois, made up of French, Spanish, and indigenous African, which is known as ‘Gumbo’.

1882 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited (1883) II. vi. 74 Were the verb ‘boumer’ as an equivalent for to ‘boom’, admitted into the vocabulary of ‘Gumbo’ French.

1891 E. Wakefield in 19th Cent. Oct. 576 Gombo is a mere phonetic burlesque of French, interlarded with African words.

Draft additions 1993

gumbo filé n. gumbo soup thickened with filé; (also) the filé itself; cf. filé n.⁸

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > thickening agent

lear?c1390

liaison1759

arrowroot?1790

roux1793

Tahiti arrow-root1861

filé1885

gumbo filé1978

Oatrim1990

1846 G. B. Emerson Rep. Trees & Shrubs Mass. iii. 321 To such soups are given the names gombo filé and gombo zab.

1941 W. A. Percy Lanterns on Levee i. 11 Maryland terrapin, Charleston roe and hominy, New Orleans gumbo-filé.

1978 Detroit Free Press 5 Mar. 27/3 Gumbo filé, a powdered herb that Louisiana cooks sometimes use in place of okra to thicken the mix.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	gumbo
释义	gumbon. Brit. /ˈɡʌmbəʊ/, U.S. /ˈɡəmˌboʊ/ Forms: Also gombo. Etymology: ‘from the Angolan kingombo, the ki- being the usual Bantu prefix, and -ngombo the real word’ (J. Platt, jun., in Athenæum, Sep. 1, 1900); Marcgraf 1648 writes quingombo. U.S. 1. a. A colloquial name for the okra plant or its pods ( Hibiscus esculentus). Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible pods, seeds, leaves, or flowers > [noun] > okra okra1679 bhindi1809 gumbo1845 lady's finger1850 1845 Bangor (Maine) Mercury At St. Peter's [Ill.] there is a large commerce carried on between the whites and redskins, for heads and whiskey, in exchange for skins and gumbo. 1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Gombo, or Gumbo, 1. the Southern name for what is called at the North, Okra, the pod of the Hibiscus esculentus. 1880 N. H. Bishop Four Months in Sneak-box 205 The mild-eyed Louisiana Indian woman with her sack of gumbo spread out before her. 1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 158/2 Gombo Fruits. 1893 C. G. Leland Memoirs I. 57 Terrapins and soft-shell crabs, gumbo,..peaches, venison. b. A soup thickened with the mucilaginous pods of this plant. Also gumbo soup. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] > gumbo gumbo1805 1805 J. F. Watson in Amer. Pioneer (1843) 2 233 Shrimps are much eaten here; also a dish called gumbo. This last is made of every eatable substance, and especially of those shrimps which can be caught at any time. 1813 Cramer's Alman. 1814 (Pittsburgh) 55 Beyond our usual dinner [we had]..gumbo soup. 1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Gombo, or Gumbo, 2. In the southern States, a soup in which this plant enters largely as an ingredient. 1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 13 Oct. The three gentlemen..eating gombo soup. 1883 Harper's Mag. Aug. 463/2 I should like mutton broth and gumbo every day. 1957 H. Croome Forgotten Place 95 [An] affable American brigadier who told her that the hot and tasty stuff they were eating was gumbo. 1970 New Yorker 10 Jan. 62/1 (advt.) You'll want to try—Crawfish Gumbo—a kind of spicy bouillabaisse. 2. a. Geology. ‘The stratified portion of the lower till of the Mississippi valley’ (Funk's Stand. Dict.). ΚΠ 1881 Chicago Times 16 Apr. Such a thing as hard-pan, bed rock near the surface or gumbo is not found here [i.e. in Nebraska]. b. Western U.S. colloquial The mud of the prairies. Also gumbo mud. ΚΠ 1891 C. Roberts Adrift in Amer. 27 [Fargo] The soil here is largely mixed with a kind of blue clay, locally known as ‘gumbo’. 1894 Cent. Mag. Jan. 453/1 Gumbo is..the clay of Northern Wyoming. When wet, it is the blackest, stickiest..mud that exists on earth. 1897 Outing 29 491/2 Only when in gumbo mud did we find our wheels to be a hindrance. 3. A patois spoken by black people and Creoles in the French West Indies, Louisiana, Bourbon, and Mauritius. Also attributive. [? A different word.] ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > pidgins and creoles > [noun] > French-based gumbo1838 petit nègre1890 Sabir1939 1838 E. Flagg Far West II. 36 A spirited colloquy ensued in the patois of these old hamlets—a species of gumbo-French. 1880 G. W. Cable Grandissimes xxviii. 227 Bras-Coupé..mastered the ‘gumbo’ dialect in a few weeks. 1882 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited (1883) II. v. 65 The coloured people [in New Orleans] who gabble a wondrous salmagundi of a patois, made up of French, Spanish, and indigenous African, which is known as ‘Gumbo’. 1882 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited (1883) II. vi. 74 Were the verb ‘boumer’ as an equivalent for to ‘boom’, admitted into the vocabulary of ‘Gumbo’ French. 1891 E. Wakefield in 19th Cent. Oct. 576 Gombo is a mere phonetic burlesque of French, interlarded with African words. Draft additions 1993 gumbo filé n. gumbo soup thickened with filé; (also) the filé itself; cf. filé n.⁸ ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > thickening agent lear?c1390 liaison1759 arrowroot?1790 roux1793 Tahiti arrow-root1861 filé1885 gumbo filé1978 Oatrim1990 1846 G. B. Emerson Rep. Trees & Shrubs Mass. iii. 321 To such soups are given the names gombo filé and gombo zab. 1941 W. A. Percy Lanterns on Levee i. 11 Maryland terrapin, Charleston roe and hominy, New Orleans gumbo-filé. 1978 Detroit Free Press 5 Mar. 27/3 Gumbo filé, a powdered herb that Louisiana cooks sometimes use in place of okra to thicken the mix. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.1805
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