grimlyadj.

Brit.

/ˈɡrɪmli/, U.S.

/ˈɡrɪmli/

Forms: Also Middle English superlative grimlokkest.

Etymology: Old English grimlic (= Middle Dutch grimmelijc , Middle High German grimmelich , Old Norse grimmligr ); see grim adj. and -ly suffix¹.

Obsolete or archaic.

Grim-looking; grim in appearance or nature.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [adjective]

grimlyc893

retheeOE

grim971

bitterOE

bremec1175

grillc1175

grimfula1240

cruel1297

sturdy1297

fiercea1300

fellc1300

boistousa1387

felonousc1386

savagea1393

bestiala1398

bremelya1400

felona1400

hetera1400

cursedc1400

wicked14..

vengeablec1430

wolvishc1430

unnatural?1473

inhuman1481

brutisha1513

cruent1524

felonish1530

mannish1530

abominate1531

lionish1549

boarish?1550

truculent?c1550

unhumanc1550

lion-like1556

beastly1558

orped1567

raw?1573

tigerish?1573

unmanlike1579

boisterous1581

savaged1583

tiger-like1587

yond1590

truculental1593

savage wild1595

tigerous1597

inhumane1598

Neronian1598

immane1599

Phalarical1602

ungentle1603

feral1604

savagious1605

fierceful1607

Dionysian1608

wolvy1611

Hunnish1625

lionly1631

tigerly1633

savage-hearted1639

brutal1641

feroce1641

ferocious1646

asperous1650

ferousa1652

wolfish1674

tiger1763

savage-fierce1770

Tartar1809

Tartarly1821

Neroic1851

tigery1859

Neronic1864

unmannish1867

inhumanitarian1947

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adjective]

grimlyc893

wrothc893

reighOE

grima1000

grillc1175

witherc1175

grimfula1240

sturdy1297

wild1297

fiercea1300

man-keenc1300

stoutc1300

cruelc1330

fell?c1335

wicked1375

felonousc1386

felona1400

cursedc1400

runishc1400

keen?c1425

roid?c1425

wolvishc1430

ranishc1450

malicious1485

mankind1519

mannish1530

lionish1549

truculent?c1550

lion-like1556

tigerish?1573

tiger-like1587

truculental1593

Amazonian1595

tigerous1597

feral1604

fierceful1607

efferous1614

lionly1631

tigerly1633

feroce1641

ferocious1646

asperous1650

ferousa1652

blusterous1663

wolfish1674

boarisha1718

savage-fierce1770

Tartar1809

Tartarly1821

wolfy1828

savagerous1832

hawkish1841

tigery1859

attern1868

Hunnish1915

the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > [adjective] > unpleasant

loatha700

unsweetc890

grimlyc893

unquemeOE

un-i-quemeOE

evila1131

sourc1175

illc1220

unhightlyc1275

unwelcomec1325

unblithec1330

unnetc1330

unrekena1350

unagreeablec1374

uncouthc1380

unsavouryc1380

displeasantc1386

unlikinga1398

ungaina1400

crabbedc1400

unlovelyc1400

displeasing1401

eschewc1420

unsoot1420

mislikinga1425

unlikelya1425

unlustya1425

fastidiousc1425

unpleasantc1430

displicable1471

unthankfulc1475

displeasant1481

uneasy1483

unpleasinga1500

unfaring1513

badc1530

malpleasant?1533

noisome1542

thanklessa1547

ungrate1548

untoothsome1548

ungreeable1550

contrary1561

disagreeable1570

offensible1575

offensive1576

naughty1578

delightlessa1586

undelightful1585

unwisheda1586

unpleasurable1587

undelightsomec1595

dislikeful1596

disliking1596

ungrateful1596

unsweet?a1600

distastive1600

impleasing1602

distasting1603

distasteful1607

unsightly1608

undelectable1610

disgustful1611

unrelishing1611

waspisha1616

undeliciousa1618

unwished-for1617

disrelishing1631

unenjoyed1643

unjoyous1645

mirya1652

unwelcomed1651

unpleasivea1656

sweet1656

injucund1657

insuave1657

unpalatable1658

unhandsome1660

undesirable1667

disrelishablea1670

uncouthsome1684

shocking1703

nasty1705

embittering1746

indelectable1751

undelightinga1774

nice and ——1796

unenjoyablea1797

ungenial1796

uncomplacent1805

ungracious1807

bitter1810

rotten1813

uncongenial1813

quarrelsome1825

grimy1833

nice1836

unrelished1863

bloody1867

unbewitching1876

ferocious1877

displeasurable1879

rebarbative1892

charming1893

crook1898

naar1900

peppery1901

negative1902

poisonous1906

off-putting1935

unsympathetic1937

piggy1942

funky1946

umpty1948

pooey1967

minging1970

Scrooge-like1976

sucky1984

stank1991

stanky1991

c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. ii. §2 Ða gewin wæron grimlicran þonne hy nu syn.

OE Beowulf 3041 Wæs se legdraca grimlic gry[refah] gledum beswæled.

c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 454 Ðone grimlican garsecg.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4077 Euielin þene brond igrap. mid grimliche lechen.

c1275 Moral Ode 141 in Old Eng. Misc. 63 Swiþe grimlych stench þer is.

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 70 Þe loue of him vs haueþ ymaked sounde, ant ycast þe grimly gost to grounde.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1876 Ys berd was long, & al whyt hor a was [a] grymly freke.

a1400 Octouian 1742 Doun he fyll deed to grounde, Gronynge fast with grymly wounde.

c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 144 Ther londed many a grymlye gome.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. i She had many grymly throwes.

1613 F. Beaumont Knight of Burning Pestle ii. sig. E3 In came Margarets grimely Ghost, And stood at Williams feete.

a1650 Sir Aldingar 73 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 169 I dreamed the grype & a grimlie beast had carryed my crowne away.

1766 G. Canning tr. M. de Polignac Anti-Lucretius i. 68 Canst thou, undaunted, meet the grimly king?

1783 S. Johnson Let. 20 Aug. (1994) IV. 188 I told her it was Johnson's grimly ghost.

1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 108 Behold! at the bed's feet a grimly spectre.

1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland xxi. 361 Hard by this a grimly abyss.

Derivatives

ˈgrimliness n. the state of being grimly.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [noun]

rethenesseOE

grimcundleȝcc1175

fellhead1340

ferteec1380

fiercenessc1384

savagenessa1400

grimliness14..

fellnessc1410

bestialitya1413

fierceheadc1440

cruelness?a1475

inhumanity1477

bremeness?1529

fury1534

tigerness1535

bruteness1538

immanity1539

wolvishness?1548

ferity?c1550

brutishness1567

truculency1569

Phalarism1581

ferocity1606

savagerya1616

brutality1633

inhumanness1649

wolfishness1676

boarishness1682

brutism1687

truculence1727

ferociousness1766

bestialism1824

tigerhood1846

Calibanism1859

unhumanness1885

inhumanism1907

Hunnishness1914

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [noun]

grimcundleȝcc1175

fellhead1340

ferteec1380

fiercetya1382

fiercenessc1384

grimliness14..

fellnessc1410

fierceheadc1440

grillc1450

cruelness?a1475

tigerness1535

wolvishness?1548

ferity?c1550

truculency1569

cursedness1589

ferocity1606

wolfishness1676

boarishness1682

brutishness1683

truculence1727

ferociousness1766

tiger1825

tigerhood1846

Hunnishness1914

14.. Chaucer's Parson's T. ⁋790 (Christ Church Oxf.) Grymlynesse of the deueles [see grimness n.].

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Affreuseté, sturdinesse, grimlinesse.

1898 Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 1 445 Poetical licence, for the sake of intensifying the grimliness of the apparition.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

grimlyadv.

Brit.

/ˈɡrɪmli/, U.S.

/ˈɡrɪmli/

Forms: Old English grimlice, grymlice (comparative grimlicor, superlative grimlicost), Middle English grimliche, Orm. grimmeliȝ, Middle English grimli, Middle English–1500s grymly, Middle English– grimly.

Etymology: Old English grimlíce (= Old High German grimlîche , grimmelîcho , Middle High German grimmelîche , Middle Dutch grimmelike , Old Norse grimmliga ): see grim adj. and -ly suffix².

1. In a grim fashion; with stern or cruel action, intention, or feelings; fiercely, cruelly; also, in modern use, austerely, rigidly, uncompromisingly.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adverb]

grimc893

grimly971

bremeOE

reighlyOE

witherc1200

felonly1303

asperlyc1314

fellc1330

fellyc1330

fiercelya1375

sturdilyc1374

wickedlya1375

sternly1398

runishlyc1400

witherlyc1400

felonmentc1470

cruelly1487

blusterously1548

boarishlya1563

tiger-like1576

sternfully1582

mankindly1606

wolvishly1628

truculently1654

tigerously1698

tigerishly1878

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > harshness or severity > [adverb] > rigidly or relentlessly

inexorably1610

rigidly1610

steely1621

irrelentlessly1624

implacably1631

relentlessly1737

remorselessly1845

steelily1867

grimly1881

971 Blickl. Hom. 63 Þam mannum sceolan þa deman grimlice styran.

a1000 Martyrol. (E.E.T.S.) 134 Þa het se cyning þone hyra ealra grimlicost acwellan.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 82 Þi spus..spekeð swiðe grimliche ȝef þu ut wendest.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 958 He..igrap hine bi þon gurdle & him grimliche [c1300 Otho mainliche] heaf.

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2376 Vrgan to tristrem ran, And grimli þere þai gret.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15832 Nu wit bastons þai him beft Ful grimli to þe grund.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 10453 Þes gird in full grymli with a grete ost.

1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. (1636) 261 How grimly they fought, the event sheweth.

1767 R. Jago Edge-hill iv. 493 Now Death, with hasty Stride, stalks o'er the Field, Grimly exulting in the bloody Fray.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiv. 355 So..shall..Achilles, Charge Troy's children afield and fell them grimly with iron.

1881 Fowler Bacon 198 Both of them [Bacon and Luther] were grimly in earnest.

†2. Dreadfully, frightfully, shockingly, terribly.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adverb]

dreadlyc1175

eislichec1175

grimlyc1175

ungainlya1200

awly?c1225

grurefulliche?c1225

fiendlyc1275

dreadfullya1400

felly?c1400

awfully1487

terrible1490

terriblya1500

fearingly1556

direly1610

dismally1653

dreadful1682

formidably1685

terrifyingly1767

direfully1775

terrifically1778

terrificly1791

appallingly1825

turble1893

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4494 Baþe gilltenn grimmeliȝ.

a1240 Ureisun in Cott. Hom. 187 Mine sunnen habbeþ grimliche iwreþed me.

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 71 His grene wounde so grimly conne blede.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1534 Þer apered a paume..þat was grysly & gret, & grymly he wrytes.

c1420 Anturs of Arth. 163 (Thornton) Nowe I am a grisely gaste, and grymly grane.

1460 Lybeaus Disc. 1632 Whan they togydere mette, Ayder yn other scheld hytte, Strokes grymly greete.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 460 Sum grymly gret quhill thar lyff dayis war gayne.

3. With a grim look or air:

a. of persons.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > strictness > [adverb] > severely or sternly > of expression or manner

grimly1340

severely1565

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > harshness or severity > [adverb] > specifically of looks or expression

grimly1340

severely1565

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2226 Als wode lyons thai [the devils] sal than fare..And grymly gryn on hym and blere.

c1400 Melayne 1398 He hade no worde to speke agayne, Bot grymly stude lukande.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ii. 60 He loked grymly and fyersly in his vysage for grete wrath.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. biiii^v Gaudifeir and galiot in glemand steil wedis..grymly thai ride.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Rest of Esther xv. A He lift vp his face..and loked grymly vpon her.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xiii. 5 The Auguries..looke grimly, And dare not speake their knowledge.

1656 A. Cowley Davideis iii. 85 in Poems Th' uncircumcis'd smil'd grimly with disdain.

1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxii. 39 Grimly frowning with a dreadful look.

1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 243 The Indian warriors..shook their heads grimly.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. xii. 219 [He] sprung to his saddle; grimacing grimly as he made the effort.

1856 D. Masson Ess. Biogr. & Crit. vi. 235 That hard, austere man of letters..who receives you so grimly, [etc.].

b. transferred of things.

ΚΠ

1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iv. iii. sig. G4^v Death, hel more grimly stare Within my heart, then in your threatning browes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iii. iii. 3 The skies looke grimly, And threaten present blusters.

1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto II xlix. 143 The night..grimly darkled o'er their faces pale.

1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. vi. 206 The horse-hair plume That grimly nodded from the lofty crest.

1890 Times 31 Jan. 9/2 Symbol of a grimly unsuccessful country.

c. So as to produce a grim appearance. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > [adverb] > grimly

grimly?a1366

?a1366 Romaunt Rose 161 Hir heed y-writhen was, y-wis, Ful grimly with a greet towayle.

1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 45 The grimly painted portrait of her poor dear man.

1895 H. Maxwell Duke of Brit. i. 11 The faces of most were grimly tattooed.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	grimly
释义	grimlyadj. Brit. /ˈɡrɪmli/, U.S. /ˈɡrɪmli/ Forms: Also Middle English superlative grimlokkest. Etymology: Old English grimlic (= Middle Dutch grimmelijc , Middle High German grimmelich , Old Norse grimmligr ); see grim adj. and -ly suffix¹. Obsolete or archaic. Grim-looking; grim in appearance or nature. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [adjective] grimlyc893 retheeOE grim971 bitterOE bremec1175 grillc1175 grimfula1240 cruel1297 sturdy1297 fiercea1300 fellc1300 boistousa1387 felonousc1386 savagea1393 bestiala1398 bremelya1400 felona1400 hetera1400 cursedc1400 wicked14.. vengeablec1430 wolvishc1430 unnatural?1473 inhuman1481 brutisha1513 cruent1524 felonish1530 mannish1530 abominate1531 lionish1549 boarish?1550 truculent?c1550 unhumanc1550 lion-like1556 beastly1558 orped1567 raw?1573 tigerish?1573 unmanlike1579 boisterous1581 savaged1583 tiger-like1587 yond1590 truculental1593 savage wild1595 tigerous1597 inhumane1598 Neronian1598 immane1599 Phalarical1602 ungentle1603 feral1604 savagious1605 fierceful1607 Dionysian1608 wolvy1611 Hunnish1625 lionly1631 tigerly1633 savage-hearted1639 brutal1641 feroce1641 ferocious1646 asperous1650 ferousa1652 wolfish1674 tiger1763 savage-fierce1770 Tartar1809 Tartarly1821 Neroic1851 tigery1859 Neronic1864 unmannish1867 inhumanitarian1947 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adjective] grimlyc893 wrothc893 reighOE grima1000 grillc1175 witherc1175 grimfula1240 sturdy1297 wild1297 fiercea1300 man-keenc1300 stoutc1300 cruelc1330 fell?c1335 wicked1375 felonousc1386 felona1400 cursedc1400 runishc1400 keen?c1425 roid?c1425 wolvishc1430 ranishc1450 malicious1485 mankind1519 mannish1530 lionish1549 truculent?c1550 lion-like1556 tigerish?1573 tiger-like1587 truculental1593 Amazonian1595 tigerous1597 feral1604 fierceful1607 efferous1614 lionly1631 tigerly1633 feroce1641 ferocious1646 asperous1650 ferousa1652 blusterous1663 wolfish1674 boarisha1718 savage-fierce1770 Tartar1809 Tartarly1821 wolfy1828 savagerous1832 hawkish1841 tigery1859 attern1868 Hunnish1915 the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > [adjective] > unpleasant loatha700 unsweetc890 grimlyc893 unquemeOE un-i-quemeOE evila1131 sourc1175 illc1220 unhightlyc1275 unwelcomec1325 unblithec1330 unnetc1330 unrekena1350 unagreeablec1374 uncouthc1380 unsavouryc1380 displeasantc1386 unlikinga1398 ungaina1400 crabbedc1400 unlovelyc1400 displeasing1401 eschewc1420 unsoot1420 mislikinga1425 unlikelya1425 unlustya1425 fastidiousc1425 unpleasantc1430 displicable1471 unthankfulc1475 displeasant1481 uneasy1483 unpleasinga1500 unfaring1513 badc1530 malpleasant?1533 noisome1542 thanklessa1547 ungrate1548 untoothsome1548 ungreeable1550 contrary1561 disagreeable1570 offensible1575 offensive1576 naughty1578 delightlessa1586 undelightful1585 unwisheda1586 unpleasurable1587 undelightsomec1595 dislikeful1596 disliking1596 ungrateful1596 unsweet?a1600 distastive1600 impleasing1602 distasting1603 distasteful1607 unsightly1608 undelectable1610 disgustful1611 unrelishing1611 waspisha1616 undeliciousa1618 unwished-for1617 disrelishing1631 unenjoyed1643 unjoyous1645 mirya1652 unwelcomed1651 unpleasivea1656 sweet1656 injucund1657 insuave1657 unpalatable1658 unhandsome1660 undesirable1667 disrelishablea1670 uncouthsome1684 shocking1703 nasty1705 embittering1746 indelectable1751 undelightinga1774 nice and ——1796 unenjoyablea1797 ungenial1796 uncomplacent1805 ungracious1807 bitter1810 rotten1813 uncongenial1813 quarrelsome1825 grimy1833 nice1836 unrelished1863 bloody1867 unbewitching1876 ferocious1877 displeasurable1879 rebarbative1892 charming1893 crook1898 naar1900 peppery1901 negative1902 poisonous1906 off-putting1935 unsympathetic1937 piggy1942 funky1946 umpty1948 pooey1967 minging1970 Scrooge-like1976 sucky1984 stank1991 stanky1991 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. ii. §2 Ða gewin wæron grimlicran þonne hy nu syn. OE Beowulf 3041 Wæs se legdraca grimlic gry[refah] gledum beswæled. c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 454 Ðone grimlican garsecg. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4077 Euielin þene brond igrap. mid grimliche lechen. c1275 Moral Ode 141 in Old Eng. Misc. 63 Swiþe grimlych stench þer is. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 70 Þe loue of him vs haueþ ymaked sounde, ant ycast þe grimly gost to grounde. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1876 Ys berd was long, & al whyt hor a was [a] grymly freke. a1400 Octouian 1742 Doun he fyll deed to grounde, Gronynge fast with grymly wounde. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 144 Ther londed many a grymlye gome. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. i She had many grymly throwes. 1613 F. Beaumont Knight of Burning Pestle ii. sig. E3 In came Margarets grimely Ghost, And stood at Williams feete. a1650 Sir Aldingar 73 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 169 I dreamed the grype & a grimlie beast had carryed my crowne away. 1766 G. Canning tr. M. de Polignac Anti-Lucretius i. 68 Canst thou, undaunted, meet the grimly king? 1783 S. Johnson Let. 20 Aug. (1994) IV. 188 I told her it was Johnson's grimly ghost. 1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 108 Behold! at the bed's feet a grimly spectre. 1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland xxi. 361 Hard by this a grimly abyss. Derivatives ˈgrimliness n. the state of being grimly. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [noun] rethenesseOE grimcundleȝcc1175 fellhead1340 ferteec1380 fiercenessc1384 savagenessa1400 grimliness14.. fellnessc1410 bestialitya1413 fierceheadc1440 cruelness?a1475 inhumanity1477 bremeness?1529 fury1534 tigerness1535 bruteness1538 immanity1539 wolvishness?1548 ferity?c1550 brutishness1567 truculency1569 Phalarism1581 ferocity1606 savagerya1616 brutality1633 inhumanness1649 wolfishness1676 boarishness1682 brutism1687 truculence1727 ferociousness1766 bestialism1824 tigerhood1846 Calibanism1859 unhumanness1885 inhumanism1907 Hunnishness1914 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [noun] grimcundleȝcc1175 fellhead1340 ferteec1380 fiercetya1382 fiercenessc1384 grimliness14.. fellnessc1410 fierceheadc1440 grillc1450 cruelness?a1475 tigerness1535 wolvishness?1548 ferity?c1550 truculency1569 cursedness1589 ferocity1606 wolfishness1676 boarishness1682 brutishness1683 truculence1727 ferociousness1766 tiger1825 tigerhood1846 Hunnishness1914 14.. Chaucer's Parson's T. ⁋790 (Christ Church Oxf.) Grymlynesse of the deueles [see grimness n.]. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Affreuseté, sturdinesse, grimlinesse. 1898 Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 1 445 Poetical licence, for the sake of intensifying the grimliness of the apparition. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). grimlyadv. Brit. /ˈɡrɪmli/, U.S. /ˈɡrɪmli/ Forms: Old English grimlice, grymlice (comparative grimlicor, superlative grimlicost), Middle English grimliche, Orm. grimmeliȝ, Middle English grimli, Middle English–1500s grymly, Middle English– grimly. Etymology: Old English grimlíce (= Old High German grimlîche , grimmelîcho , Middle High German grimmelîche , Middle Dutch grimmelike , Old Norse grimmliga ): see grim adj. and -ly suffix². 1. In a grim fashion; with stern or cruel action, intention, or feelings; fiercely, cruelly; also, in modern use, austerely, rigidly, uncompromisingly. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adverb] grimc893 grimly971 bremeOE reighlyOE witherc1200 felonly1303 asperlyc1314 fellc1330 fellyc1330 fiercelya1375 sturdilyc1374 wickedlya1375 sternly1398 runishlyc1400 witherlyc1400 felonmentc1470 cruelly1487 blusterously1548 boarishlya1563 tiger-like1576 sternfully1582 mankindly1606 wolvishly1628 truculently1654 tigerously1698 tigerishly1878 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > harshness or severity > [adverb] > rigidly or relentlessly inexorably1610 rigidly1610 steely1621 irrelentlessly1624 implacably1631 relentlessly1737 remorselessly1845 steelily1867 grimly1881 971 Blickl. Hom. 63 Þam mannum sceolan þa deman grimlice styran. a1000 Martyrol. (E.E.T.S.) 134 Þa het se cyning þone hyra ealra grimlicost acwellan. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 82 Þi spus..spekeð swiðe grimliche ȝef þu ut wendest. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 958 He..igrap hine bi þon gurdle & him grimliche [c1300 Otho mainliche] heaf. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2376 Vrgan to tristrem ran, And grimli þere þai gret. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15832 Nu wit bastons þai him beft Ful grimli to þe grund. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 10453 Þes gird in full grymli with a grete ost. 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. (1636) 261 How grimly they fought, the event sheweth. 1767 R. Jago Edge-hill iv. 493 Now Death, with hasty Stride, stalks o'er the Field, Grimly exulting in the bloody Fray. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiv. 355 So..shall..Achilles, Charge Troy's children afield and fell them grimly with iron. 1881 Fowler Bacon 198 Both of them [Bacon and Luther] were grimly in earnest. †2. Dreadfully, frightfully, shockingly, terribly. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adverb] dreadlyc1175 eislichec1175 grimlyc1175 ungainlya1200 awly?c1225 grurefulliche?c1225 fiendlyc1275 dreadfullya1400 felly?c1400 awfully1487 terrible1490 terriblya1500 fearingly1556 direly1610 dismally1653 dreadful1682 formidably1685 terrifyingly1767 direfully1775 terrifically1778 terrificly1791 appallingly1825 turble1893 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4494 Baþe gilltenn grimmeliȝ. a1240 Ureisun in Cott. Hom. 187 Mine sunnen habbeþ grimliche iwreþed me. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 71 His grene wounde so grimly conne blede. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1534 Þer apered a paume..þat was grysly & gret, & grymly he wrytes. c1420 Anturs of Arth. 163 (Thornton) Nowe I am a grisely gaste, and grymly grane. 1460 Lybeaus Disc. 1632 Whan they togydere mette, Ayder yn other scheld hytte, Strokes grymly greete. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 460 Sum grymly gret quhill thar lyff dayis war gayne. 3. With a grim look or air: a. of persons. ΘΚΠ society > authority > strictness > [adverb] > severely or sternly > of expression or manner grimly1340 severely1565 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > harshness or severity > [adverb] > specifically of looks or expression grimly1340 severely1565 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2226 Als wode lyons thai [the devils] sal than fare..And grymly gryn on hym and blere. c1400 Melayne 1398 He hade no worde to speke agayne, Bot grymly stude lukande. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ii. 60 He loked grymly and fyersly in his vysage for grete wrath. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. biiii^v Gaudifeir and galiot in glemand steil wedis..grymly thai ride. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Rest of Esther xv. A He lift vp his face..and loked grymly vpon her. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xiii. 5 The Auguries..looke grimly, And dare not speake their knowledge. View more context for this quotation 1656 A. Cowley Davideis iii. 85 in Poems Th' uncircumcis'd smil'd grimly with disdain. 1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxii. 39 Grimly frowning with a dreadful look. 1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 243 The Indian warriors..shook their heads grimly. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. xii. 219 [He] sprung to his saddle; grimacing grimly as he made the effort. 1856 D. Masson Ess. Biogr. & Crit. vi. 235 That hard, austere man of letters..who receives you so grimly, [etc.]. b. transferred of things. ΚΠ 1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iv. iii. sig. G4^v Death, hel more grimly stare Within my heart, then in your threatning browes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iii. iii. 3 The skies looke grimly, And threaten present blusters. View more context for this quotation 1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto II xlix. 143 The night..grimly darkled o'er their faces pale. 1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. vi. 206 The horse-hair plume That grimly nodded from the lofty crest. 1890 Times 31 Jan. 9/2 Symbol of a grimly unsuccessful country. c. So as to produce a grim appearance. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > [adverb] > grimly grimly?a1366 ?a1366 Romaunt Rose 161 Hir heed y-writhen was, y-wis, Ful grimly with a greet towayle. 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 45 The grimly painted portrait of her poor dear man. 1895 H. Maxwell Duke of Brit. i. 11 The faces of most were grimly tattooed. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.c893adv.971
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