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greyhoundn. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymon: hound n.1 Etymology: Apparently < a first element cognate with Old Icelandic grey bitch (further etymology uncertain: see note below; compare Old Icelandic greyhundr bitch) + hound n.1, with later assimilation of the first element to grey adj. by folk-etymological association and by analogy with other animal names in grey adj. Further etymology. A derivation of Old Icelandic grey from the Germanic base of grey adj. has sometimes been suggested, but is very doubtful, not least on semantic grounds. Form history. Old English grīg- in grīghund (which would regularly yield Middle English grī- ; compare Middle English gryhund, grihond) perhaps shows the late West Saxon reflex (earlier īe ) of the i-mutation of long ēa , which would correspond to the stem vowel of Old Icelandic grey . The i-mutation would have been caused by the semivowel j of the suffix, represented in Old English spelling as g . For words that show similar phonological development, compare the form history of hay n.1 or tray n.2 The expected Anglian form would be *grēg- , which would usually develop to early Middle English grei- . However, the history of the compound seems to reflect frequent early loss or assimilation of the stem-final semivowel of the first element (compare Middle English forms such as grehund) and even loss of the initial consonant of the second element (see greund n.), often followed by reanalysis and folk-etymological assimilation to either grey adj. or Grew adj. (see grew-hound n.), the latter reflecting the alleged provenance of the dogs from Greece (compare quot. 1607 at sense 1a). Compare also Middle English gresehounde at β. forms, which probably shows alteration after the name of Greece (Middle English Grēse ). With the form grahounde perhaps compare gro n. Note on first quot. In Old English attested only in uncertain sense in quot. eOE at sense 1a, seemingly as a gloss rendering the lemma unfer , a word not otherwise attested and now usually explained as a transmission error for Old English unfēre unfere adj., mistaken by the scribe for the (missing) Latin lemma corresponding to grīghund , although conflicting suggestions have been made about the source of the error. Perhaps this missing lemma was post-classical Latin leporarius dog that kills hares, greyhound (6th cent.; frequently from c1136 in British sources), a word which sometimes appears in later glossaries glossed by greyhound n., which at some stage in transmission had been brought together with post-classical Latin leprosus leprous adj. glossed by unfer ; see H. D. Meritt Some of Hardest Glosses in Old Eng. (1968) 48–9. However, compare Dict. Old Eng. at grīghund for an alternative suggestion. Use in names. Also as the name of a tavern, inn, etc.; compare the following early examples (in quot. 1240 in a surname):1240 in H. E. Salter Feet of Fines Oxfordshire (1930) 108 Emma Attegreyhon.c1460 in R. L. Greene Early Eng. Carols (1935) 293 The Grehound and the Hertes Hede, thei quyt hem wele that day. 1. the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [noun] > greyhound eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in J. J. Quinn (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1956) 51 Unfer, grighund. c1200 Quadripartitus (Titus) in F. Liebermann (1903) I. 367 Canem quem Angli dicunt greihund. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 247 Triste is þer me sit mid þe greahundes for to kepe þe hare. c1300 St. Martin (Laud) 137 in C. Horstmann (1887) 452 Aftur ane hare he saiȝh vrne grehoundes a gret route. 1340 (1866) 75 Þe holy man yernþ ase grihond, þet habbeþ alday hare eȝe to heuene. c1400 (Rawl. B. 171) 204 Þere shulde come a peple out of þe northwest, duryng þe regne of þe forsaide dragoun, þat shulde bene lad be an euel grehounde. a1425 J. Wyclif (1871) II. 359 And þus þes prelatis suen apostlis as gre-houndis suen an hare. 1548 f. liiijv The fearefull hare neuer fledde faster before the gredy greyhound. 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. iii. vii. f. 108v, in R. Holinshed I King Henrye the fift..thought it a mere scoffery to pursue any fallow Deare wyth..greyhounds [1587 greihounds]. 1607 E. Topsell 144 The Grey-hound or Græcian Dog. 1623 W. Drummond 20 The Nimrod fierce is Death, His speedie Grayhounds are, Lust, Sicknesse, Enuie, Care. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil 120 The fearful Doe And flying Stag, amidst the Grey-Hounds go. View more context for this quotation 1727 P. Ronayne 125 How many Leaps must the Grayhound take to catch the Hare? 1781 W. Blane Pref. p. xviii Arrian..proves that, in the time of Xenophon, Greyhounds were not known in Greece. 1818 1 Sept. 433/1 The pointer was accustomed to find the hares and the greyhound to catch them. 1862 T. H. Huxley 110 It is a physiological peculiarity that leads the Greyhound to chase its prey by Sight. 1935 G. Blake iv. 118 The greyhounds came out to be paraded round the track in the centre of the ring. 1959 Mar. 141 (caption) On Braddock's training track, greyhounds chase the mechanical rabbit. 2006 K. Dornstein (2007) 108 We were greeted warmly..by two greyhounds that the couple had rescued from the dog track. the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [noun] > wolf-hound 1590 Sir P. Sidney iii. xxviii. f. 359 The Irish greyhound, against the English mastiffe. 1686 R. Parr 48 Which Present was also returned by the Lord Primate, by a Letter of thanks, with a handsome present of Irish Grey-hounds. 1740 H. Walpole 14 Aug. (1840) I. 300 I really forget anything of an Italian greyhound for the Tesi. 1751 F. Coventry i. v. 46 A Harlequin Grey-hound. 1791 viii. 115 The Turkish greyhound..is very rare in France. 1833 W. H. Maxwell 221/1 The Scotch Highland greyhound will either hunt in packs or singly. 1838 W. Scrope xii. 260 The deerhound is known under the names of Irish wolfhound, Irish greyhound, Highland deerhound, and Scotch greyhound. 1891 Ouida in Sept. 316 The Siberian and the Persian greyhounds are one and the same breed. 1905 J. D. Champlin 268/2 The Russian Greyhound, called Borzoi, resembles the English greyhound in form, but is larger. 1973 15 Feb. 385/2 The toy group... The Yorkshire terrier, the miniature pinscher, the Italian greyhound. 2009 B. P. Duggan vi. 61 She continued to called them ‘Kirghiz’ rather than Persian Greyhounds. society > communication > indication > insignia > [noun] > specific emblems, badges, or cognizances > others 1730 No. 211 243 Our Messengers of State carry the Figure of a Greyhound on their Breasts.] 1747 No. 4. 40 I had neither a Greyhound upon my Breast, nor a Writ in my Hand. 1822 W. Scott I. vii. 165 The opposite party was led..by Major Bridgenorth. At his side was a person in black, with a silver greyhound on his arm. 1830 H. Smith II. viii. 256 I..assumed the green uniform and silver greyhound worn by the King's Messengers. 1965 I. Fleming iv. 52 The famous Silver Greyhound, the British Courier's emblem for three hundred years. 2008 L. Allen i. 18 He raised a hand..and flipped back his lapel to reveal a small silver greyhound pinned there. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > bed on ship > hammock > with very little bedding 1825 W. N. Glascock I. 7 None o' your ‘midshipman's rolls’, you know!—we'll have no greyhounds or ‘nippers’ in the nettings. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Greyhound, a hammock with so little bedding as to be unfit for stowing in the nettings. 1830 Apr. 311 Záboj is represented as..a very greyhound in pursuit, a lynx in perception. 1891 C. Bell & H. W. Fischer tr. H. von Moltke I. i. 117 The man is a perfect greyhound for doubling. 1905 29 Nov. 465/1 It is a veritable greyhound of a car, and literally slips along, without any apparent effort. 1935 T. Wolfe ii. xix. 202 A greyhound of a man named Speaker, quick as a deer to run, sharp as a hawk to see, swift as a cat to strike, stands facing him. 2003 12 Feb. 56/4 Watson and Crick were greyhounds who lived for the spirit. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel for transporting people or goods > passenger vessel > [noun] > fast ocean-going 1843 W. M. Thackeray Notes Tour Low Countries in (1945) II. 831 Certain sailors at a capstan are turning the bar in time to a melancholy howling tune,..a couple of men are cleaning & polishing a greyhound on some piles hard by. 1882 Oct. 754 In all ships there are innumerable weak places..; and this was demonstrated in a very forcible way..in one or two of the so-called ‘greyhounds of the oceans’. 1884 W. Bainbridge-Hoff 10 ‘Ocean greyhounds.’—Tactical changes likely to occur from great improvement in speed. 1887 1 Jan. 2/2 They [sc. ships]..are so swift of foot, as to have already become formidable rivals to the English ‘greyhounds’. 1888 E. S. Brooks ix. 185 These were the ‘greyhounds of the seas’, known as clipper ships. 1891 9 Oct. 301 The greyhounds of the Atlantic. 1913 F. H. Burnett xl. 519 An ocean greyhound had landed the pair at the dock. 1990 Feb. 42/2 The French Line knew exactly how to give its passengers a whale of a time aboard its speedy greyhound, the France. 1922 16 Oct. 3/2 (heading) Motor bus service for points east. Greyhound now making daily trips between Stevens Point and Fond du Lac. 1931 (Y.M.C.A.) July 505/1 Go Greyhound to the conventions and have more spending money when you arrive. 1940 ‘Blind Boy Fuller’ Bus Rider Blues in M. Taft (2005) 200 Going to catch that old Greyhound..going to ride from town to town. 1989 K. Green xxiii. 246 Rent a car or take the Greyhound down to Big Sur. 2011 Nov. 130/2 Obviously this wasn't an urgent summons to pack up my dreams and hop the next Greyhound north. Compounds C1. General attributive, appositive, and objective, frequently in the context of greyhound racing. See also greyhound race n., greyhound racing n.1711 Ld. Shaftesbury III. iv. iii. 217 His Hound or Greyhound-Bitch that eats her Puppys. a1800 S. Pegge (1814) Grew-bitch, a greyhound bitch. York. 1894 H. R. Sargent xvi. 275 Greyhound bitches that have been run hard..seldom produce their equals. 1991 D. Purcell (1992) ii. 82 A scrawny greyhound bitch..ran out of the house to meet them. 1653 C. Mauger 58 Levrier, a Greyhound dog. 1728 11 July 8/1 A white Greyhound Dog with a Tip of Tan on the Right Ear. 1897 H. W. Huntington 34 The bitches are bred to bulldogs, and that product..is then bred to a greyhound dog. 1968 4 Jan. 14/2 A fire killed three valuable greyhound dogs Wednesday. 2012 (Nexis) 20 Dec. 5 a Residents on Bills Creek Road in Putnam County are keeping large greyhound dogs inside a dump house in very small cages. 1927 28 June 1/6 (heading) Attention directed to extreme losses of greyhound fans. 1946 R. Genders xiii. 134 One of the famous Wireless Rally/Erin Green litter so well known to greyhound fans, he has been one of the finest sprinters this country has ever seen. 2009 (Nexis) 8 Apr. 76 I have been a greyhound fan and punter for over 20 years and have made some great friends over the years on dog tracks. 1831 W. Dansey in tr. Arrian 138 (note) Arrian..was too good a judge of the importance of purity of blood in the greyhound kennel to attend to the mongrel crosses recommended by other..writers. 1922 H. Cox ii. iii. 316 Vaccination..has been largely tried both in foxhound and greyhound kennels. 2011 (Nexis) 22 Oct. 136 He left school at 16 and began work in greyhound kennels. 1768 I. Bickerstaff ii. i. 17 One Joseph Perez, a taylor by trade; of the greyhound make, lank. 1771 P. Parsons II. 87 What a thin slim figure it [sc. a jockey] is!—very much of the grey-hound make. 1851 H. D. Richardson v. 41 These extracts are all confirmatory of the Irish wolf-dog having been a tall, rough dog, of the greyhound make, but far stronger. 1853 4 Dec. 3/3 The kill..is always laid hold of and paraded by the greyhound owner. 1927 ‘Leveret’ iii. 12 I have been asked by several would-be greyhound owners to find them dogs for track-racing purposes. 2011 (Nexis) 25 June 107 Paul Wheeler is Australia's..most successful greyhound owner. 1926 23 July 11/4 The Greyhound Racecourse, Kirkmanshulme Lane, Gorton, applied for an occasional licence to sell intoxicating drink. 2000 (Nexis) 8 Nov. 2 The 16 dogs were in kennels at the greyhound racecourse. 1908 13 July 9/4 (heading) Greyhound track is assuming shape. 1921 2 Apr. 8/5 Drawings for Sunday's races at the Emeryville greyhound track follow. 2005 (Nexis) 2 Oct. b1 The Tampa Bay area is home to three greyhound tracks. 1923 9 Aug. 1/2 An attempted robbery of passengers on the Greyhound passenger bus..was frustrated by the timely arrival of a group of tourists. 1930 30 Mar. 13/4 To know the full pleasure and romance of travel, go the Greyhound way. 1937 22 Feb. 16 A washout in Oregon stranded this Greyhound bus near Gardiner on Feb. 9. 1950 N. Cassady 12 Aug. (2005) 141 Just go to the greyhound bus depot at 7th & Market & get on next bus (leaves every hour or so) for Watsonville. 1961 Feb. 13 (advt.) [You're safe in] the hands of a Greyhound driver... He's one of thousands of Greyhound professionals. 1987 J. Kessel in 244 At the Greyhound station I purchased a ticket for the next bus to Toronto. 1998 (Nexis) 23 Dec. 1 e Greyhound passengers are college students, military people and senior citizens,..and folks trying to save a buck. 2009 12 Jan. 35/1 He caught a Greyhound bus heading south. C3. the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > [noun] > genus Vulpes > vulpes vulpes (fox) > varieties of 1766 T. Pennant i. 29/2 The Milgi or gre-hound fox, is the largest, tallest, and boldest..: the mastiff fox is less..: the Corgi, or cat fox, is the lest. 1814 44 87 The hounds..unkennelled a remarkably large greyhound fox. 1899 27 Jan. 22/1 We found the real old Cæsar, a great greyhound fox. He broke over the moor at once. 1913 Oct. 16/2 This dog has had speed and game enough for the greyhound foxes of Essex Rodings. 1983 D. B. Plummer 233 Hounds had put in a twenty-pound vixen of a type then called a greyhound fox. Derivatives 1615 G. Markham i. 6 His [sc. a hound's] generall composure much more slender, and Gray-hound-like. 1821 R. Southey Let. 7 Apr. in C. C. Southey (1849) I. 35 I..afterwards became the lean, lank, greyhound-like creature that I have ever since continued. 1860 7 July 298 The wolf..with a light greyhound-like form, which pursues deer. 1994 June 242/2 The Staghound is a Greyhoundlike breed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.eOE |
