单词 | graphic |
释义 | graphicadj.n. A. adj. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > [adjective] > drawn graphica1637 a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxxxiv. ix. 154 in Wks. (1640) III [God] can Find..Our closest Creekes, and Corners, and can trace Each line, as it were graphick, in the face. 2. Of or relating to drawing or painting. graphic arts: the fine arts of drawing, painting, engraving, etching, etc.; also, the techniques of production and design involved in printing and publishing; graphic design: graphics (sense B. 2 below); so graphic designer. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > [adjective] graphical1610 graphicc1756 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > [noun] painting?c1225 pencillingc1532 graphic arts1882 society > communication > printing > manner or style of printing > [noun] > artistic printing graphic arts1949 graphics1960 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > [noun] tracingc1440 drawing1467 draught1551 protracture1551 delineation1570 proposition1584 delineating1603 protracting1661 iconography1678 graphic design1956 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > [noun] > drawer or designer drawer1570 designer1598 draftsman1664 morphographer1697 draughtsmanc1720 composer1723 sketcher1809 draughtswoman1845 fancier1856 proportionalist1857 draftman1889 graphic designer1971 draughtsperson1976 c1756 Epit. G. Vertue in H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (1782) V. 267 With..all the genius of the Graphic Art, His fame shall each succeeding artist own. 1828 C. Lamb Guy Faux in Elia 2nd Ser. 143 I only notice the print as being one of the earliest graphic representations which woke my childhood into wonder. 1872 J. Ruskin Eagle's Nest §123 This faculty of sight..is the only proper faculty which the graphic artist is to use in his inquiries into nature. 1882 P. G. Hamerton (title) The Graphic Arts: a Treatise on the Varieties of Drawing, Painting and Engraving. 1949 Sci. Amer. Nov. 29 The new Graphic Arts Research Foundation, whose work is supported by 139 newspapers, printing firms and other interested groups. 1956 H. Williamson Methods Bk. Design Pref. Principles of graphic design which apply to all kinds of book production. 1967Graphic design [see sense B. 3]. 1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber Graphic Arts Procedures: Offset Processes ii. 9 Of the many methods and procedures used in the graphic arts, letterpress and offset-lithography account for 66·1% in monetary value. 1971 G. Perry & A. Aldridge Penguin Bk. Comics (ed. 2) Bastard title p. Alan Aldridge is one of the most original and creative graphic designers... His unique style of illustration has appeared in countless magazines, newspapers, record sleeves, posters. 3. Producing by words the effect of a picture; vividly descriptive, life-like. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [adjective] > describing vividly > graphic pictured1561 graphical1644 graphic1669 picturesquea1734 vivid1837 pictorial1841 1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I iii. i. 15 He shews..that Poesie was..a graphic Art, or Art of Imitation. a1745 J. Swift Dan Jackson's Pict. 1 Whilst you three merry poets traffic To give us a description graphic Of Dan's large nose in modern Sapphic. 1830 A. Cunningham Lives Brit. Painters (ed. 2) II. 228 They are all..graphic copies of common life. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. i. 14 Expressions, which not even the desire to be graphic in our account shall induce us to transcribe. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. iii. 265 A Venetian..wrote..to Henry, informing him in a very graphic manner of the treatment to which..he had been exposed. 1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals xi. 260 A graphic description of the face of a young Hindoo at the sight of castor-oil. 4. a. Of or pertaining to writing; fit to be written on. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > [adjective] graphical1643 pennish1646 scriptorian1656 scriptorya1682 graphic1778 scriptorial1781 scriptural1827 drawn-out1847 1778 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry II. viii. 157 [Chatterton] became a skilful practitioner in various kinds of hand-writing. Availing himself therefore of..his facility in the graphic art..he [etc.]. 1854 S. T. Dobell Balder xxiii. 87 I would..make eloquent The graphic bark of beech. 1863 D. Wilson Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. (ed. 2) II. iv. ii. 289 The later scribe executing his graphic art. 1877 E. R. Conder Basis of Faith v. 197 Letters, hieroglyphics, or any kind of graphic symbol. 1882 Skeat in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1880–1 iii. *176 If we now collate the two copies, we find..certain variations which are merely graphic, and of no linguistic significance. b. Of a mineral: Presenting on the surface, or in the fracture, an appearance of written or printed characters. graphic gold, graphic ore, graphic tellurium: = sylvanite n. graphic granite (see quot. 1859). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral structure or appearance > [adjective] > cleavage or fracture beddy1709 splintery1794 conchoid1802 conchoidal1802 graphic1814 axotomous1834 fendillated1853 plagioclastic1869 plagioclasic1913 1814 A. Aikin Man. Mineral. 70 Graphic tellurium. Graphic Gold. 1823 A. Ure Dict. Chem. (ed. 2) Graphic-ore, an ore of tellurium, occurring in veins in porphyry in Transylvania. 1828 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 14 362 Granite, is..graphic, when [etc.]. 1838 Penny Cycl. XI. 355/2 The felspar in graphic granite is almost one huge crystallized mass. 1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 185 Graphic Granite..a binary compound of felspar and quartz—the quartz being disposed through the felspar matrix like lines of Arabic writing. 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 81 Graphic Tellurium. 1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks xii. 211 The so-called graphic-granite..in which the quartz..roughly resembles Hebrew characters. 5. a. Pertaining to the use of diagrams, linear figures, or symbolic curves. graphic formula: in chemistry, a formula (see formula n. 3b) in which lines are employed to indicate the connections of the elements represented by the symbols. (Cf. graph n.1 1.) graphic method, graphic solution: a method of solving problems (e.g. in Statics; occasionally in Algebra) by the construction of a diagram from which the result is obtained by direct measurement instead of calculation. graphic method: the method of recording movements of a part of the body by some automatic instrument, e.g. the movement of the pulse by the sphygmograph. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > graph or diagram > [adjective] graphical1784 graphic1866 1866 E. Frankland Lect. Notes iii. 24 Graphic notation..is founded almost entirely upon the doctrine of atomicity, and consists in representing graphically the mode in which every bond in a chemical compound is disposed of. 1866 E. Frankland Lect. Notes iii. 24 The following comparative examples of symbolic and graphic formulæ. 1870 E. Atkinson tr. A. Ganot Elem. Treat. Physics §216 M. Duhamel's graphic method..consists in fixing a fine point to the body emitting the sound, and causing it to trace the vibrations on a properly prepared surface. 1884 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 6 175 (title) A Graphic Method of Solving Spherical Triangles. 1884 Science 3 164/1 Graphic representations are always specially valuable to the reader. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 326 A continuous graphic record of the blood pressure was obtained by means of a manometer. b. Of a geometrical proposition, or a branch of geometry: Concerned with position and form, not with measurement. Opposed to metric. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [adjective] > branches of stereometrical1656 Apollonian1704 Euclidean1714 isoperimetrical1743 stereotomical1828 stereotomic1860 stereometric1862 graphic1865 parabolic1872 metageometrical1882 pangeometrical1882 Riemannian1889 synthetic1889 polygonometric1890 Lobachevskian1896 topological1913 1865 W. K. Clifford Math. Papers (1882) 80 It may be possible to state the same theorem in two ways, so as to make it either metric or graphic. 6. graphic equalizer n. a device enabling the quality of an audio signal to be varied by adjusting its strength in each of a series of frequency bands independently, each band having its own control (usually a slider). ΘΚΠ society > communication > telecommunication > [noun] > signal > device enabling quality of signal to be varied graphic equalizer1969 1969 Jrnl. Audio Engin. Soc. 17 20/1 This circuit could easily be adapted to be a section of a graphic equalizer. 1976 Gramophone May 1826/2 The graphic equalizer is not for every hi-fi customer, because it does require some skill, time and patience in usage... JVC was the first to offer in their stereo and four-channel receivers a relatively simple 5-ganged sound equalisation system which went beyond the conventional tone controls. 1984 Listener 3 May 21/1 (advt.) It also boasts a twin deck cassette player with Dolby B and C and a stereo amplifier with graphic equalizer. B. n. 1. a. plural. The technical use of diagrams and figures as an aid to mathematical calculation or to engineering or architectural design. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > graph or diagram > [noun] > use of graphics1889 1889 R. H. Smith (title) Graphics: or the Art of Calculation by Drawing Lines. 1898 Perry Applied Mechanics 1 One teacher seems to think that applied mechanics is simply the study of kinematics and mechanisms..another, that it is mere graphics. 1912 D. A. Low (title) Practical geometry and graphics. 1929 W. Abbott Pract. Geom. & Engin. Graphics 3 In Part I considerable space has been devoted to Engineering Graphics, particularly to the applications of graphical integration. 1960 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. IV. 615/1 Engineering graphics includes preparation of drawings that show the shape of objects. b. plural. The production of diagrams, patterns, etc., by means of a computer. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > [noun] > by means of a computer computer graphic1963 graphics1966 object1973 society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program > graphics > production of computer graphic1963 graphics1966 paint1984 1966 Sci. Amer. Sept. 184 (caption) Perspective drawing of a vehicle designed for reentry from space was produced by a computer-graphics program. 1969 Computers & Humanities 4 66 Production of Visual Material by Computer. The formal name of this category is computer graphics, but you might prefer calling it computer art. 1970 Computers & Humanities 4 172 By concentrating on a single graphics language, each student will have the opportunity to prepare a computer-generated film sequence. 2. plural. Design and decoration that involves typographic elements; the production of pictures, diagrams, etc., in association with text. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > manner or style of printing > [noun] > artistic printing graphic arts1949 graphics1960 1960 Design Sept. 79/1 The type of credits designed by Saul Bass are an isolated example of good graphics for movies. 1965 Amer. Notes & Queries Apr. 122/1 A graphics exhibition centering on the production of a recent book published by the famous Gehenna Press. 1967 M. McLuhan & Q. Fiore Medium is Massage (back-flap of dust-cover) Quentin Fiore is a distinguished graphics designer and artist. 1971 Guardian 12 Oct. 8/2 Graphics, textile design, ceramics..and many other design courses. 3. An example of the graphic arts or of graphic design; also, a diagram, pattern, picture, etc., produced by means of a computer. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > [noun] > a graphic representation > produced by a computer graphic1961 1961 Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1967 Listener 2 Mar. 296/3 There is an exhibition of Polish graphics. These are not prints but examples of graphic design... Typography is used as an essential element in the design rather than as adjunct to photography and illustration. 1969 Computers & Humanities 4 66 Since the first computers used typewriters and punched cards, the first graphics were illustrations using clever combinations of typing characters, or simple arrays of holes. 1970 Guardian 17 June 12/6 At present neither multiples nor graphics (that is prints of all kinds) sell in really mass editions. DerivativesCategories » ˈgraphicly adv. rare (In modern dictionaries.)Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ˈgraphicness n. vividness of description. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] > graphic or vivid > graphicness vividness1828 pictorialness1857 graphicness1861 1861 A. Geikie Mem. E. Forbes xi. 330 This is brought out with a melancholy graphicness in his letters to Mr. Thompson. 1890 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 13 Sept. 23/3 I went on to describe with equal graphicness encounters with beasts. Draft additions 1993 7. graphic novel, a full-length (esp. science fiction or fantasy) story published as a book in comic-strip format. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > novel > [noun] > other types of novel political novel1735 comic novel1787 epistolary1804 autobiographical novel1832 Robinsonade1837 roman1867 sea-book1867 roman à clef1882 roman expérimental1884 hill-top novel1895 saga1895 Bildungsroman1910 pulp fiction1931 American Gothic1938 Künstlerroman1941 suspense novel1952 nouveau roman1959 sword and sorcery1961 graphic novel1964 non-fiction novel1965 schlockbuster1966 dark fantasy1968 celebrity novel1969 swashbuckler1975 chick lit1988 splatterpunk1988 Aga saga1992 1964 Richard Kyle's Wonderworld 4 in Capa-Alpha Nov. So, in future issues of Wonderworld, when you find me using the terms ‘graphic story’ and ‘graphic novel’ to describe the artistically serious ‘comic book strip’, you'll know what I mean. 1972 Sinister House Secret Love Jan. (front cover) A graphic novel of Gothic terror. 1978 W. Eisner (title) A contract with God: and other tenement stories... A graphic novel. 1983 N.Y. Times 5 Aug. c20/3 The second will focus on ‘graphic novels’, such as ‘Tintin’ and ‘Asterix’, which are selling up a storm throughout the world. 1986 Chicago Tribune 28 Aug. v. 1/5 One-shot ‘graphic novels’, printed on high-quality paper and retailing for, in some cases, upwards of $10. 1990 Rolling Stone 22 Mar. 76/4 Catalogs from America's finest comics publishers, featuring stunning European graphic novels. Draft additions December 2002 Providing or conveying full, unexpurgated detail; expressly stated or represented; explicit, esp. in the depiction of sex or violence. ΚΠ 1856 N.Y. Times 6 Dec. 3/2 The publishers..say it is a ‘graphic and thrilling description of a wrecking scene on the coast of New Jersey’, but it is not very graphic nor particularly thrilling. 1927 B. J. Stern Social Factors in Med. Progress 56 Condemning vaccination in violent abusive language and describing its resultant horrors in graphic detail. 1969 H. Raymont in N.Y. Times 24 Mar. 56/2 In addition to graphic, though simulated, scenes of sexual intercourse there is a frenzy of homosexual and other unorthodox sexual acts. 1976 Newsweek (Nexis) 24 May 22 His book was a pulpy thriller offering an intriguing view of the Washington power game, some locker-room sex, graphic violence. 2001 Mirror (Electronic ed.) 9 July A bit of graphic sex education doesn't do much harm to the average horny, hormone-crazed teenager. Draft additions December 2002 Sharp, well-defined (literal and figurative); clear, unequivocal. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > evident certainty > [adjective] > in meaning sure1493 univocal?1541 univoque?1541 inequivocal1779 unequivocal1785 rousing1836 resounding1873 unequivocable1921 graphic1937 full-frontal1971 1937 H. Shephard in Life 13 Sept. 9/2 Its finest department—color reproductions—has been wasted recently on airplanes and airplane cross-sections which are quite as graphic in black and white. 1954 Life 19 Apr. 85/1 For Executive Suite the studio picked a fabulous cast of eight stars... It was graphic, and probably not accidental, proof that M-G-M, long vaunted as the studio of the stars, could still throw in an all-American lineup if it felt like it. a1961 B. Burns in Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1961) (at cited word) Plush buildings..which I saw as a graphic contrast to the slums. 1997 Independent (Electronic ed.) 17 Dec. The people in our new television ads are graphic examples of the pain and suffering caused by smoking. Draft additions March 2003 graphic user interface n. Computing = graphical user interface n. at graphical adj. Additions. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > [noun] > user interface user interface1967 command line1971 graphic user interface1981 CLI1982 command line interface1983 WIMP1984 UI1990 1981 ACM Trans. Programming Lang. & Syst. 3 353 An interactive, graphic user interface is provided that allows the user to view and edit a simulation. 1992 InterCity Mag. Feb. 19/2 It also lets top managers select exactly the data they need through ‘graphic user interfaces’ which help technophobes deal with the computer. 2001 Broadcast Engin. (Electronic ed.) 1 Dec. Utilizing the simple application programming interface (API) and graphic user interface (GUI), the chip offers consumer electronics significant advantages over competitive solutions. Draft additions June 2015 graphic abbreviation n. Linguistics and Palaeography a written abbreviation of a word intended to be read as the full word, as distinguished from one which is pronounced as it is spelled. ΚΠ 1888 H. Sweet Hist. Eng. Sounds (new ed.) 116 Shortening of doubling.., as in..ealne, midne=eallne, middne, may be only a graphic abbreviation. 1951 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 72 196 The loss of the long vowel in sin(ā)s is of course not by syncope, but purely a graphic abbreviation. 1969 Jrnl. Egyptian Archaeol. 55 217 nb for nbt is by no means unusual and may be a graphic abbreviation. 2009 P. Durkin Oxf. Guide Etymol. iv. 116 Some early examples..may have originated as graphic abbreviations in the written language, at first read as the full word and only later coming to be realized by a clipped spoken form. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022). > see alsoalso refers to : -graphiccomb. form < adj.n.a1637 see also |
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