great circlen.

Brit.

/ˌɡreɪt ˈsəːkl/, U.S.

/ˌɡreɪt ˈsərk(ə)l/

Forms: see great adj., n., adv., and int. and circle n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: great adj., circle n.

Etymology: < great adj. + circle n.

Geometry.

Any circle on the surface of a sphere whose plane passes through the centre of the sphere, dividing the sphere into two equal portions (cf. small circle n. at small adj. and n.² Compounds 4); esp. a circle on the surface of the earth or on the celestial sphere whose plane passes through the centre of the earth.The shortest possible surface path between any two points on a spherical surface is an arc of a great circle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > closed curve > circle > on a sphere

great circle?1530

great circle1594

secondary circle1704

secondary1715

orthodrome1855

separator1869

?1530 tr. Compost of Ptholomeus sig. g.iv^v Of .ii. great cyrcles that is to say one merydyen & the other ozyron [sic] that intersequeth one the other.

?1558 H. Baker tr. O. Fine Rules Vse of Almanackes (new ed.) sig. D.iiii Euerye greate circle deuideth in the sphere all other great circles, into two halues, or equall partes.

1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets ii. sig. J1^v Circles of Azumuths, or verticall circles, are quarters of great circles, concurring together in the Zenith.

1649 S. Gerbier 1st Lect. Geogr. 4 The great Circles have their center equall with that of the Earth, which they divide in two equall Parts, there are six, The Equinoctiall, the Zodiack, the Meridien, the Horizon, and the two imperfect Circles [i.e. the equinoctial and solstitial colures].

1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 4 He finds, that this Star moveth just enough in the Plan of a Great Circle, which inclineth to the Equinoctial about 30 degrees.

1730 J. Harris Treat. Navigation ii. 60 A Degree of a Great Circle upon the Superficies is divided into 60 Geographical or Nautical Miles.

1834 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) III. Navigation 27 Great circles..passing through the zenith of any place, are called vertical circles.

1849 C. C. Felton tr. A. Guyot Earth & Man i. 25 Ritter showed..that, if we draw a great circle at once through the coast of Peru and the south of Asia, the surface of the globe is found to be divided into two hemispheres, of which the one contains the most extensive terrestrial masses.

1940 M. Tornich Radius Action Aircraft ii. 7 Bearing, the angle subtended between the meridian of an observer and the great circle passing through the observer's position and the observed object.

1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 36/2 This telescope moves only along the celestial meridian (the great circle including both celestial poles and the observer's zenith).

2005 M. Lockwood Labyrinth of Time (2007) iv. 76 On the surface of a sphere,..the geodesics are curves that follow great circles.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, chiefly with reference to the use of great circles in navigation, as great circle route, etc.

ΚΠ

1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets i. sig. A1 Great Circle Navigation, which teacheth how vpon a great Circle drawn betweene any 2. places assigned,..the Ship may be conducted.

1848 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 18 p. lxvii If..we take a common terrestrial globe, and draw a string tightly across it from Panama to Shanghae, it will show the shortest distance between the two places, and will represent the great circle route between them.

1881 Science 24 Sept. 457/1 The great circle track between San Francisco, Cal., and Yokohama, Japan, reaches nearly to latitude 52° N.

1952 R. B. Fuller in Perspecta 1 30/1 The new structure has been named geodesic structure because of its employment of great circle geometry.

1996 Economist 17 Aug. 22/3 European airlines, such as Lufthansa of Germany and Cargolux of Luxembourg, also use Prestwick, which is on a great circle route between Europe and North America.

C2.

great circle sailing n. Nautical navigation along the arc of a great circle of the earth.

ΚΠ

1656 B. Hubbard (title) Orthodoxal Navigation; or the admirable and excellent Art of Arithmetical Great Circle Sailing.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Sailing Hence we say..parallel and great circle sailing.

1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 50 In 1561, Cortez..advocated the adoption of Great Circle Sailing, in opposition to that by Plumb-lines.

1992 Yachting May 60/2 Unlike rhumb-line sailing, where one true course takes you all the way from point A to B, great-circle sailing demands regular changes in heading.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	great circle
释义	great circlen. Brit. /ˌɡreɪt ˈsəːkl/, U.S. /ˌɡreɪt ˈsərk(ə)l/ Forms: see great adj., n., adv., and int. and circle n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: great adj., circle n. Etymology: < great adj. + circle n. Geometry. Any circle on the surface of a sphere whose plane passes through the centre of the sphere, dividing the sphere into two equal portions (cf. small circle n. at small adj. and n.² Compounds 4); esp. a circle on the surface of the earth or on the celestial sphere whose plane passes through the centre of the earth.The shortest possible surface path between any two points on a spherical surface is an arc of a great circle. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > closed curve > circle > on a sphere great circle?1530 great circle1594 secondary circle1704 secondary1715 orthodrome1855 separator1869 ?1530 tr. Compost of Ptholomeus sig. g.iv^v Of .ii. great cyrcles that is to say one merydyen & the other ozyron [sic] that intersequeth one the other. ?1558 H. Baker tr. O. Fine Rules Vse of Almanackes (new ed.) sig. D.iiii Euerye greate circle deuideth in the sphere all other great circles, into two halues, or equall partes. 1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets ii. sig. J1^v Circles of Azumuths, or verticall circles, are quarters of great circles, concurring together in the Zenith. 1649 S. Gerbier 1st Lect. Geogr. 4 The great Circles have their center equall with that of the Earth, which they divide in two equall Parts, there are six, The Equinoctiall, the Zodiack, the Meridien, the Horizon, and the two imperfect Circles [i.e. the equinoctial and solstitial colures]. 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 4 He finds, that this Star moveth just enough in the Plan of a Great Circle, which inclineth to the Equinoctial about 30 degrees. 1730 J. Harris Treat. Navigation ii. 60 A Degree of a Great Circle upon the Superficies is divided into 60 Geographical or Nautical Miles. 1834 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) III. Navigation 27 Great circles..passing through the zenith of any place, are called vertical circles. 1849 C. C. Felton tr. A. Guyot Earth & Man i. 25 Ritter showed..that, if we draw a great circle at once through the coast of Peru and the south of Asia, the surface of the globe is found to be divided into two hemispheres, of which the one contains the most extensive terrestrial masses. 1940 M. Tornich Radius Action Aircraft ii. 7 Bearing, the angle subtended between the meridian of an observer and the great circle passing through the observer's position and the observed object. 1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 36/2 This telescope moves only along the celestial meridian (the great circle including both celestial poles and the observer's zenith). 2005 M. Lockwood Labyrinth of Time (2007) iv. 76 On the surface of a sphere,..the geodesics are curves that follow great circles. Compounds C1. General attributive, chiefly with reference to the use of great circles in navigation, as great circle route, etc. ΚΠ 1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets i. sig. A1 Great Circle Navigation, which teacheth how vpon a great Circle drawn betweene any 2. places assigned,..the Ship may be conducted. 1848 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 18 p. lxvii If..we take a common terrestrial globe, and draw a string tightly across it from Panama to Shanghae, it will show the shortest distance between the two places, and will represent the great circle route between them. 1881 Science 24 Sept. 457/1 The great circle track between San Francisco, Cal., and Yokohama, Japan, reaches nearly to latitude 52° N. 1952 R. B. Fuller in Perspecta 1 30/1 The new structure has been named geodesic structure because of its employment of great circle geometry. 1996 Economist 17 Aug. 22/3 European airlines, such as Lufthansa of Germany and Cargolux of Luxembourg, also use Prestwick, which is on a great circle route between Europe and North America. C2. great circle sailing n. Nautical navigation along the arc of a great circle of the earth. ΚΠ 1656 B. Hubbard (title) Orthodoxal Navigation; or the admirable and excellent Art of Arithmetical Great Circle Sailing. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Sailing Hence we say..parallel and great circle sailing. 1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 50 In 1561, Cortez..advocated the adoption of Great Circle Sailing, in opposition to that by Plumb-lines. 1992 Yachting May 60/2 Unlike rhumb-line sailing, where one true course takes you all the way from point A to B, great-circle sailing demands regular changes in heading. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas great circle great circle n. a circle on the surface of a sphere, whose plane passes through the centre.extracted from circlen. < n.?1530 as lemmas
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great circlen.

Compounds

> as lemmas