graniten.

/ˈɡranɪt/

Forms: Also 1700s granate, granet.

Etymology: < Italian granito (originally a participial adjective = ‘grained’), < grano grain n.¹ The Italian word has been adopted in most of the European languages: French granit (cited in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter from 1690), Spanish granito, Portuguese granito, German, Swedish, Danish granit, Dutch graniet. The 18th cent. form granate is due to etymologizing identification of the word with granate adj. Compare granated marble , s.v. granate v.

a. A granular crystalline rock consisting essentially of quartz, orthoclase-feldspar, and mica, much used in building.It varies in colour, light grey being the predominating tint. Other varieties are white and light red or pink.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > plutonic rocks > granite

granite1646

granitoc1660

a1652 I. Jones in B. Allsopp & R. A. Sayce Inigo Jones on Palladio (1970) II. iv. 79 O purfiry. P granitello.]

1646 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 232 Columns of great height, of Egyptian granite.

1686 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) ii. 148 Pillars..all of a granite or speckled Marble.

1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 31 July (1965) I. 421 Vast pieces of Granite..are daily lessen'd by the prodigious Balls that the Turks make from them for their Canon.

1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia II. xxvii. 84 Palaces and temples will be demolished to make stables of granate.

1763 Philos. Trans. 1762 (Royal Soc.) 52 510 The school-house all of square granet.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. xv. 100 Huge terraces of granite black.

1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains II. ii. ii. 250 A country..rich in stone and costly granites.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. vii. 50 The Aiguille..piercing with its spikes of granite the clear air.

1868 B. J. Lossing Hudson (new ed.) 364 The mansion is built of blue granite.

1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. vii. 233 The tremendous granites of the Grimsel.

b. figurative. Applied to ‘stony’, hard-headed, or hard-hearted persons. Often attributive and in other combinations (cf. also granite-like adj. at Derivatives).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > callousness or hard-heartedness > type or emblem

stonea1400

iron1483

millstone1802

granite1839

1839 J. R. Lowell Ye Yankees in Boston Morning Post 1/5 Stern granite hearted ones!

1902 Daily Chron. 12 Nov. 5/6 That granite-headed ship-owner, Sir Alfred L. Jones.

1908 Daily Chron. 7 Nov. 4/4 His countenance expressed neither the sweetness and tenderness of the saint nor the granite severity of the prophet.

1916 Punch 14 June 398/2 I stole a look at Hercules over my shoulder, but he was granite.

1920 C. Jerdan Sc. Clerical Stories viii. 164 Strong-boned, granite-headed, and endowed with all kinds of vitality.

2. U.S. ‘A kind of rough-grained water-ice or sherbet. Also called rock-punch and rock ice-cream’ ( Cent. Dict.).

ΚΠ

1887 N.Y. Tribune 7 Apr. Granites..must be frozen without beating, or even much stirring, as the design is to have a rough, icy-substance.

1892 Star 14 May 4/3 Delicious ‘granites’ in custard glasses.

Compounds

C1.

a. Simple attributive or quasi-adj. Consisting of or made of granite. the granite capital, the granite city, Aberdeen. the granite State, New Hampshire, U.S.

ΚΠ

a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 124 Granite Pillars.

1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. x. 142 A pile of granite fragments.

1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 283 Granite mountains are known at a distance by their rounded tops.

1842 J. F. Cooper Jack o' Lantern I. iv. 112 I come from New Hampshire, or what we call the Granite state.

1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter (1863) 307 Aberdeen, the granite capital of the far north.

1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 21 Sept. 6/1 A well-known surgeon..in the granite city.

1898 Daily News 10 May 8/2 A..thoroughfare..paved with granite setts.

b. Objective and instrumental.

(a)

granite-dispersion n.

ΚΠ

1879 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 35 431 The great Kirkcudbrightshire Granite-dispersion.

(b)

granite-dispersing adj.

ΚΠ

1879 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 35 431 The granite dispersing capacity of Kirkcudbrightshire must have been very great.

granite-sprinkled adj.

ΚΠ

1867 R. S. Hawker Prose Wks. (1893) 147 A boundless reach of granite-sprinkled moor.

C2.

granite-porphyry n. = granophyre n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > porphyrite rock > subdivision

melaphyre1824

orthophyre1869

granophyre1882

vitrophyre1882

granite-porphyry1885

1885 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 2) ii. ii. vii. 140 Granophyre (Granite-porphyry)—a rock composed of a compact, but thoroughly crystalline (microgranitic) base, through which are porphyritically dispersed crystals of felspar, mica, and quartz (often doubly terminated).

granite-quartzy adj. intermediate between granite and quartz.

ΚΠ

1882 A. Elwes tr. H. C. de B. Capello & R. Ivens From Benguella to Yacca I. 232 We find..the ground to be composed of granite-quartzy rock.

granite ware n. (a) pottery with a speckled colouring imitating that of granite; (b) the name given to a kind of enamelled ironware.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > ironware > enamelled

granite ware1876

1876 J. S. Ingram Centennial Expos. 706 Upon the bottom of a granite ware basin.

1895 Tradesman's List Pie Dishes—Best White Granite Ware.

Derivatives

granite-like adj.

ΚΠ

1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 113 The first and granite-like effect Of things.

1849 R. Cobden Speeches 20 The granite-like hardihood and consistency of the man.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	granite
释义	graniten. /ˈɡranɪt/ Forms: Also 1700s granate, granet. Etymology: < Italian granito (originally a participial adjective = ‘grained’), < grano grain n.¹ The Italian word has been adopted in most of the European languages: French granit (cited in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter from 1690), Spanish granito, Portuguese granito, German, Swedish, Danish granit, Dutch graniet. The 18th cent. form granate is due to etymologizing identification of the word with granate adj. Compare granated marble , s.v. granate v. 1. a. A granular crystalline rock consisting essentially of quartz, orthoclase-feldspar, and mica, much used in building.It varies in colour, light grey being the predominating tint. Other varieties are white and light red or pink. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > plutonic rocks > granite granite1646 granitoc1660 a1652 I. Jones in B. Allsopp & R. A. Sayce Inigo Jones on Palladio (1970) II. iv. 79 O purfiry. P granitello.] 1646 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 232 Columns of great height, of Egyptian granite. 1686 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) ii. 148 Pillars..all of a granite or speckled Marble. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 31 July (1965) I. 421 Vast pieces of Granite..are daily lessen'd by the prodigious Balls that the Turks make from them for their Canon. 1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia II. xxvii. 84 Palaces and temples will be demolished to make stables of granate. 1763 Philos. Trans. 1762 (Royal Soc.) 52 510 The school-house all of square granet. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. xv. 100 Huge terraces of granite black. 1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains II. ii. ii. 250 A country..rich in stone and costly granites. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. vii. 50 The Aiguille..piercing with its spikes of granite the clear air. 1868 B. J. Lossing Hudson (new ed.) 364 The mansion is built of blue granite. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. vii. 233 The tremendous granites of the Grimsel. b. figurative. Applied to ‘stony’, hard-headed, or hard-hearted persons. Often attributive and in other combinations (cf. also granite-like adj. at Derivatives). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > callousness or hard-heartedness > type or emblem stonea1400 iron1483 millstone1802 granite1839 1839 J. R. Lowell Ye Yankees in Boston Morning Post 1/5 Stern granite hearted ones! 1902 Daily Chron. 12 Nov. 5/6 That granite-headed ship-owner, Sir Alfred L. Jones. 1908 Daily Chron. 7 Nov. 4/4 His countenance expressed neither the sweetness and tenderness of the saint nor the granite severity of the prophet. 1916 Punch 14 June 398/2 I stole a look at Hercules over my shoulder, but he was granite. 1920 C. Jerdan Sc. Clerical Stories viii. 164 Strong-boned, granite-headed, and endowed with all kinds of vitality. 2. U.S. ‘A kind of rough-grained water-ice or sherbet. Also called rock-punch and rock ice-cream’ ( Cent. Dict.). ΚΠ 1887 N.Y. Tribune 7 Apr. Granites..must be frozen without beating, or even much stirring, as the design is to have a rough, icy-substance. 1892 Star 14 May 4/3 Delicious ‘granites’ in custard glasses. Compounds C1. a. Simple attributive or quasi-adj. Consisting of or made of granite. the granite capital, the granite city, Aberdeen. the granite State, New Hampshire, U.S. ΚΠ a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 124 Granite Pillars. 1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. x. 142 A pile of granite fragments. 1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 283 Granite mountains are known at a distance by their rounded tops. 1842 J. F. Cooper Jack o' Lantern I. iv. 112 I come from New Hampshire, or what we call the Granite state. 1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter (1863) 307 Aberdeen, the granite capital of the far north. 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 21 Sept. 6/1 A well-known surgeon..in the granite city. 1898 Daily News 10 May 8/2 A..thoroughfare..paved with granite setts. b. Objective and instrumental. (a) granite-dispersion n. ΚΠ 1879 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 35 431 The great Kirkcudbrightshire Granite-dispersion. (b) granite-dispersing adj. ΚΠ 1879 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 35 431 The granite dispersing capacity of Kirkcudbrightshire must have been very great. granite-sprinkled adj. ΚΠ 1867 R. S. Hawker Prose Wks. (1893) 147 A boundless reach of granite-sprinkled moor. C2. granite-porphyry n. = granophyre n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > porphyrite rock > subdivision melaphyre1824 orthophyre1869 granophyre1882 vitrophyre1882 granite-porphyry1885 1885 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 2) ii. ii. vii. 140 Granophyre (Granite-porphyry)—a rock composed of a compact, but thoroughly crystalline (microgranitic) base, through which are porphyritically dispersed crystals of felspar, mica, and quartz (often doubly terminated). granite-quartzy adj. intermediate between granite and quartz. ΚΠ 1882 A. Elwes tr. H. C. de B. Capello & R. Ivens From Benguella to Yacca I. 232 We find..the ground to be composed of granite-quartzy rock. granite ware n. (a) pottery with a speckled colouring imitating that of granite; (b) the name given to a kind of enamelled ironware. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > ironware > enamelled granite ware1876 1876 J. S. Ingram Centennial Expos. 706 Upon the bottom of a granite ware basin. 1895 Tradesman's List Pie Dishes—Best White Granite Ware. Derivatives granite-like adj. ΚΠ 1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 113 The first and granite-like effect Of things. 1849 R. Cobden Speeches 20 The granite-like hardihood and consistency of the man. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1646
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