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单词 grand unified theory
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grand unified theory
grand unified theory n. Physics a theory in which the strong, the weak, and the electromagnetic interactions between particles are treated mathematically as different manifestations of a single force; abbreviated GUT.
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unified (field) theory1935
grand unified theory1977
GUT1978
1976 Physics Lett. B. 63 217 The value of the angle required to unify weak, e.m. and strong interaction (grand unified schemes).]
1977 Nucl. Physics B. 22 Aug. 57 Spontaneous compactification can be used to provide the correct mass scale generating the superstrong symmetry breaking which, in grand unified theory, separates quarks from leptons.
1982 McGraw-Hill Yearbk. Sci. & Technol. 1982–3 440/1 The last, and the most ambitious, stage of unification deals with the possibility of combining grand unified and gravitation theories into a superunified theory.
2003 Connecting Quarks with Cosmos (U.S. National Res. Council: Div. Engin. & Phys. Sci.) ii. 29/2 Speculative extensions of the Standard Model, known as grand unified theories or as supersymmetric extensions, add even more symmetries.
extracted from grandadj.n.adv.
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