gravitonn.

Brit.

/ˈɡravᵻtɒn/, U.S.

/ˈɡrævəˌtɑn/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: gravitation n., -on suffix¹.

Etymology: < gravit- (in gravitation n.) + -on suffix¹, after Russian graviton (D. Bloxincev & F. Gal'perin 1934, in Pod znamenem marksizma No. 6. 156).

Particle Physics.

A hypothetical subatomic particle thought of as propagating the action of gravitational force.The graviton would be analogous to the photon (for the electromagnetic force), the gluon (for the strong force), and certain bosons (for the weak force), and is predicted to be a massless boson of spin 2; in practice it has not been directly observed because of the weakness of its interaction and the extreme sensitivity required of any detector.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > [noun] > hypothetical particle > propagating gravitational force

graviton1935

1935 Science 15 Mar. 271/2 Sulaiman bases his theory of gravitation on ‘gravitons’, fine particles ‘at present beyond the range of our perceptions’.

1942 Chem. Abstr. 36 6074 Plane waves of a particle with spin 2 (graviton).

1953 Physical Rev. 89 587/1 We introduce here a theory of the interaction of gravitons and photons which leads to results very similar to those of the general theory of relativity.

1960 New Scientist 2 June 1433/2 To produce gravitons, one would need rapidly varying gravitational fields. Such fields are familiar in astronomy and accompany double stars. However..it will be a very long time before (astronomical) gravitons can be detected even if these exist.

1971 Sci. Amer. May 22/2 This fact, together with the small value of the gravitational constant, means that only one graviton (the quantum of gravitational radiation) would be emitted by an atom or a molecule for every 10⁴³ photons (light quanta) emitted.

1989 R. Penrose Emperor's New Mind viii. 367 One graviton would be the smallest unit of curvature that would be allowed according to the quantum theory.

2010 S.-T. Yan & S. Nadis Shape Inner Space x. 228 These moduli particles would interact with other particles with roughly the same strength as gravitons (the particles thought to mediate the gravitational force), thereby wreaking havoc with Einstein's theory of gravity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	graviton
释义	gravitonn. Brit. /ˈɡravᵻtɒn/, U.S. /ˈɡrævəˌtɑn/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: gravitation n., -on suffix¹. Etymology: < gravit- (in gravitation n.) + -on suffix¹, after Russian graviton (D. Bloxincev & F. Gal'perin 1934, in Pod znamenem marksizma No. 6. 156). Particle Physics. A hypothetical subatomic particle thought of as propagating the action of gravitational force.The graviton would be analogous to the photon (for the electromagnetic force), the gluon (for the strong force), and certain bosons (for the weak force), and is predicted to be a massless boson of spin 2; in practice it has not been directly observed because of the weakness of its interaction and the extreme sensitivity required of any detector. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > [noun] > hypothetical particle > propagating gravitational force graviton1935 1935 Science 15 Mar. 271/2 Sulaiman bases his theory of gravitation on ‘gravitons’, fine particles ‘at present beyond the range of our perceptions’. 1942 Chem. Abstr. 36 6074 Plane waves of a particle with spin 2 (graviton). 1953 Physical Rev. 89 587/1 We introduce here a theory of the interaction of gravitons and photons which leads to results very similar to those of the general theory of relativity. 1960 New Scientist 2 June 1433/2 To produce gravitons, one would need rapidly varying gravitational fields. Such fields are familiar in astronomy and accompany double stars. However..it will be a very long time before (astronomical) gravitons can be detected even if these exist. 1971 Sci. Amer. May 22/2 This fact, together with the small value of the gravitational constant, means that only one graviton (the quantum of gravitational radiation) would be emitted by an atom or a molecule for every 10⁴³ photons (light quanta) emitted. 1989 R. Penrose Emperor's New Mind viii. 367 One graviton would be the smallest unit of curvature that would be allowed according to the quantum theory. 2010 S.-T. Yan & S. Nadis Shape Inner Space x. 228 These moduli particles would interact with other particles with roughly the same strength as gravitons (the particles thought to mediate the gravitational force), thereby wreaking havoc with Einstein's theory of gravity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1935
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