greenhouse effectn.

Brit.

/ˈɡriːnhaʊs ᵻˌfɛkt/, U.S.

/ˈɡrinˌ(h)aʊs əˌfɛk(t)/,

/ˈɡrinˌ(h)aʊs iˌfɛk(t)/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: greenhouse n., effect n.

Etymology: < greenhouse n. + effect n. Compare hothouse effect n.

1. A visual effect of brightness and space within a building, likened to the interior of a greenhouse and typically resulting from the use of large, closely set windows.

ΚΠ

1849 Ecclesiologist Oct. 104 The windows, which are of two lights, are so closely set as to have almost a green-house effect.

1861 Dublin Univ. Mag. Aug. 230/2 Such a blaze of window—such a dazzling greenhouse effect—such an eyrie to look down from.

1976 N.Y. Times 15 Aug. viii. 4/2 Vast curving windows..will extend out beyond the facade of the building on the upper floors to create what the developer calls ‘a greenhouse effect’.

2003 M. Langley Tearing down Walls (2004) vii. 155 They designed the executive floor,..creating a greenhouse effect with tall, sloping windows.

2. A heating effect which occurs in a greenhouse or similar space enclosed by glass.The large area of transparent glass allows much sunlight to enter and heat the interior of the greenhouse. Glass, however, is opaque to infrared radiation so that heat radiated by the warm interior cannot escape and is trapped. The analogy between this effect of the glass and the effect of gases in trapping radiant heat has led to the extension of the term to planetary atmospheres (see sense 3), although in a greenhouse cooling is also hindered by the stillness of the air in the absence of ventilation, and this is usually more important in maintaining a high temperature there.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > heat generated within

top-heat1842

greenhouse effect1905

1905 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 76 409 This heating up of the leaf will..partly be due to checking of transpiration in the enclosed space, but the effect comes on so quickly that it must chiefly be due to ‘the greenhouse effect’, the imprisonment of the reflected dark-heat rays by the glass plates which are almost impervious to them.

1911 H. C. Gore Stud. Fruit Respiration ii. 29 The jars were screened from direct sunlight to avoid the rapid rise in temperature due to the ‘greenhouse’ effect.

1981 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 17 Apr. The new street cars with their large windows have been creating a greenhouse effect.

1999 Coventry Evening Tel. (Nexis) 8 Mar. 31 The increasing use of assault screening for the driver's cab has resulted in a greenhouse effect. Drivers are reluctant to open the windows in traffic because of air pollution.

3. Atmospheric Physics and Environmental Science. The phenomenon whereby the lower atmosphere and surface of a planet are warmer than they would otherwise be because the atmosphere, while transparent to visible radiation from the sun, is relatively opaque to heat rays (infrared radiation) re-emitted from the surface and within the atmosphere.The greenhouse effect is a normal process which occurs where an atmosphere contains gases which absorb infrared radiation. On the earth a permanent greenhouse effect, largely due to water vapour but also to carbon dioxide, methane, and some other gases (see greenhouse gas n. at greenhouse n. Compounds 2), is believed to raise mean temperatures by about 30 degrees Celsius. It is thought that release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere through human activities may increase the greenhouse effect and cause climate change (cf. global warming n.).On Venus the dense carbon dioxide atmosphere has a stronger greenhouse effect and the surface temperature is very much higher than would otherwise be the case.The effect was described by J. B. J. Fourier in 1827 ( Mém. de l’Acad. Royale des Sci. de l’Inst. de France 7 585–7), but he did not use an equivalent expression to describe it. It is also (less commonly) called the hothouse effect (see hothouse effect n. 1b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > [noun] > greenhouse effect

greenhouse effect1907

hothouse effect1911

1867 Geol. Mag. 4 366 The atmosphere..would permit the solar heat to pass through..but would prevent its escape by radiation after it had once heated the surface of the earth, and would thus immensely augment the temperature..precisely as if we had covered the whole earth with an immense dome of glass,—had transformed it into a great Orchid-house.]

1907 J. H. Poynting in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 14 749 Prof. Lowell..pays hardly any attention to the ‘blanketing effect’ or, as I prefer to call it, the ‘greenhouse effect’ of the atmosphere.

1928 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 119 p. xvi Arrhenius calculated that from this greenhouse effect the temperature in the arctic regions might rise 8° C. if the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere increased to somewhat more than double its present value.

1962 F. I. Ordway et al. Basic Astronautics iii. 78 On Mars the greenhouse effect is not expected to be very significant.

1971 U. K. Le Guin Lathe of Heaven ii. 6 The Greenhouse Effect had been quite gradual, and Haber, born in 1962, could clearly remember the blue skies of his childhood.

1994 D. Rushkoff Cyberia iv. xiv. 180 I worry about quotidian things like the greenhouse effect and topsoil depletion.

2003 Observer 12 Jan. i. 14/7 Iron-fertilised plankton blooms also produce emissions of..isoprene—a gas that actually increases the greenhouse effect.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	greenhouse effect
释义	greenhouse effectn. Brit. /ˈɡriːnhaʊs ᵻˌfɛkt/, U.S. /ˈɡrinˌ(h)aʊs əˌfɛk(t)/, /ˈɡrinˌ(h)aʊs iˌfɛk(t)/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: greenhouse n., effect n. Etymology: < greenhouse n. + effect n. Compare hothouse effect n. 1. A visual effect of brightness and space within a building, likened to the interior of a greenhouse and typically resulting from the use of large, closely set windows. ΚΠ 1849 Ecclesiologist Oct. 104 The windows, which are of two lights, are so closely set as to have almost a green-house effect. 1861 Dublin Univ. Mag. Aug. 230/2 Such a blaze of window—such a dazzling greenhouse effect—such an eyrie to look down from. 1976 N.Y. Times 15 Aug. viii. 4/2 Vast curving windows..will extend out beyond the facade of the building on the upper floors to create what the developer calls ‘a greenhouse effect’. 2003 M. Langley Tearing down Walls (2004) vii. 155 They designed the executive floor,..creating a greenhouse effect with tall, sloping windows. 2. A heating effect which occurs in a greenhouse or similar space enclosed by glass.The large area of transparent glass allows much sunlight to enter and heat the interior of the greenhouse. Glass, however, is opaque to infrared radiation so that heat radiated by the warm interior cannot escape and is trapped. The analogy between this effect of the glass and the effect of gases in trapping radiant heat has led to the extension of the term to planetary atmospheres (see sense 3), although in a greenhouse cooling is also hindered by the stillness of the air in the absence of ventilation, and this is usually more important in maintaining a high temperature there. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > heat generated within top-heat1842 greenhouse effect1905 1905 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 76 409 This heating up of the leaf will..partly be due to checking of transpiration in the enclosed space, but the effect comes on so quickly that it must chiefly be due to ‘the greenhouse effect’, the imprisonment of the reflected dark-heat rays by the glass plates which are almost impervious to them. 1911 H. C. Gore Stud. Fruit Respiration ii. 29 The jars were screened from direct sunlight to avoid the rapid rise in temperature due to the ‘greenhouse’ effect. 1981 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 17 Apr. The new street cars with their large windows have been creating a greenhouse effect. 1999 Coventry Evening Tel. (Nexis) 8 Mar. 31 The increasing use of assault screening for the driver's cab has resulted in a greenhouse effect. Drivers are reluctant to open the windows in traffic because of air pollution. 3. Atmospheric Physics and Environmental Science. The phenomenon whereby the lower atmosphere and surface of a planet are warmer than they would otherwise be because the atmosphere, while transparent to visible radiation from the sun, is relatively opaque to heat rays (infrared radiation) re-emitted from the surface and within the atmosphere.The greenhouse effect is a normal process which occurs where an atmosphere contains gases which absorb infrared radiation. On the earth a permanent greenhouse effect, largely due to water vapour but also to carbon dioxide, methane, and some other gases (see greenhouse gas n. at greenhouse n. Compounds 2), is believed to raise mean temperatures by about 30 degrees Celsius. It is thought that release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere through human activities may increase the greenhouse effect and cause climate change (cf. global warming n.).On Venus the dense carbon dioxide atmosphere has a stronger greenhouse effect and the surface temperature is very much higher than would otherwise be the case.The effect was described by J. B. J. Fourier in 1827 ( Mém. de l’Acad. Royale des Sci. de l’Inst. de France 7 585–7), but he did not use an equivalent expression to describe it. It is also (less commonly) called the hothouse effect (see hothouse effect n. 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > [noun] > greenhouse effect greenhouse effect1907 hothouse effect1911 1867 Geol. Mag. 4 366 The atmosphere..would permit the solar heat to pass through..but would prevent its escape by radiation after it had once heated the surface of the earth, and would thus immensely augment the temperature..precisely as if we had covered the whole earth with an immense dome of glass,—had transformed it into a great Orchid-house.] 1907 J. H. Poynting in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 14 749 Prof. Lowell..pays hardly any attention to the ‘blanketing effect’ or, as I prefer to call it, the ‘greenhouse effect’ of the atmosphere. 1928 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 119 p. xvi Arrhenius calculated that from this greenhouse effect the temperature in the arctic regions might rise 8° C. if the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere increased to somewhat more than double its present value. 1962 F. I. Ordway et al. Basic Astronautics iii. 78 On Mars the greenhouse effect is not expected to be very significant. 1971 U. K. Le Guin Lathe of Heaven ii. 6 The Greenhouse Effect had been quite gradual, and Haber, born in 1962, could clearly remember the blue skies of his childhood. 1994 D. Rushkoff Cyberia iv. xiv. 180 I worry about quotidian things like the greenhouse effect and topsoil depletion. 2003 Observer 12 Jan. i. 14/7 Iron-fertilised plankton blooms also produce emissions of..isoprene—a gas that actually increases the greenhouse effect. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1849
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