† greaven.¹

Forms: Middle English–1600s greve, 1500s–1600s greave, (Middle English Scottish grewe, 1500s plural grevous, Scottish greis, graiwis, 1600s greeve, grieve).

Etymology: Old English grǽfa weak masculine or grǽfe feminine < prehistoric *graiƀjon- , < *graiƀo- grove n.

Obsolete.

a. (Old English only.) Brushwood.

ΚΠ

a1000 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 852 He scolde gife ilca gear in to þe minstre sixtiga foðra wuda and twælf foður græfan and sex foður gearda.

b. In plural. Branches, twigs. (Used once by Drayton as singular.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > twig > twigs or spray

riceeOE

sproteOE

spray1297

spraya1300

greavesc1385

browse?1523

fruz1693

witch knot1806

plica1829

rowel1869

twiggery1909

twiggage1923

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Prol. 159 Of silk I-broudede ful of grene grevys.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 649 To maken hym a gerland of the greues Were it of wodebynde or hawethorn leues.

?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) Prol. l. 22 in Shorter Poems (1967) 8 The birdes sat on twistis and on greis.

1563 N. Winȝet Wks. (1890) II. 59 God forbid, I say, that in this spiritual paradise, of the graiwis [L. surculis] of cannal and balme, fra hand spring wp guild and humlokis.

1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 27 How oft haue we of grasse and greaues preparde a homely bedde?

1604 M. Drayton Moyses ii. 43 A swarming cast of Bees..Pressing each plant and loding eu'rie greaue.

1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xiii. 215 Some hid among the leaues, Some in the taller trees, some in the lower greaues.

2. A thicket.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] > thicket, brake, or brush

shaw755

thicketa1000

thyvela1000

greavec1050

wood-shawc1275

boscagec1400

greenwood shawc1405

thickc1430

brakec1440

shaw of wood1462

queach1486

bush1523

tuft1555

bushment1587

bocage1644

cripple1675

virgult1736

bluffc1752

thick-set1766

sylvagea1774

thicket-maze1813

bosk1815

woodlet1821

rush1822

puckerbrush1867

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 406/33 Frondosis dumis, þæm gehilmdum græfum.

c1100 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 517/36 Per dumos, þurh græfan.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9210 Whær se iss all unnsmeþe ȝet. Þurrh bannkess. & þurrh græfess.

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 14 Þis greues wexen al gray, þat in her time were grene.

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 1144 By hedge, by tre, by greue.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. ii. 149 Ther as wrecched greues [L. misera virgulta] Sour lond, to weet, or salt is, neuer delue.

1460 Lybeaus Disc. 551 A logge they dyghte of leves, In the grene greves.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur vi. xvi There with al came oute syre phelot oute of the greuys sodenly.

?c1475 Hunt. Hare 107 Yonder syttes [the hare] in a greyve.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 13 All grewis [1489 Adv. gressys] begouth to spryng.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. x. sig. Mm6^v It is best..that ye doe leaue Your treasure..Either fast closed in some hollow greaue, Or buried in the ground from ieopardy.

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iii. vi. 40 The winde in houltes and shadie greaues A murmur makes, among the boughes and leaues.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xix. viii. 134 We made speed through greves and groves [L. per dumeta et silvas] toward the high mountains.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

greaven.²

Brit.

/ɡriːv/, U.S.

/ɡriv/

Forms: plural Middle English grayvez, grevez, Middle English greves, grevys, Scottish greis, 1500s–1600s graves, 1600s greeves, greves, 1500s– greaves. singular 1500s– greave, (1500s greve, 1600s grieve).

Etymology: < Old French greve shin, armour for the legs (12th cent. in Littré), of unknown origin; compare Spanish grebas, grevas (Minsheu).

1. Armour for the leg below the knee.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for limbs > [noun] > leg armour > greave

hosesc1275

jamberc1330

jambeauc1380

boot1388

shinbawde?a1400

greavec1400

leg piece1653

jamb1834

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 575 His legeȝ lapped in stel with luflych greuez [MS reads greueȝ].

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. viii. 847 Cusseis or greis or braseris.

1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 215 To Cakebrede ffor a harneyse complet, ssave salatt and grevys, v. marc.

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. P.iii Zoroas..The carelesse king there smote, aboue the greaue, At thopening of his quishes.

1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars ii. xi. 28 Marching in greaues, a helmet on her head.

1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre v. ii. 166 From the close Caske downe to the Greaue.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1121 Put on..thy broad Habergeon, Vant-brass and Greves, and Gauntlet, add thy Spear.

1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xviii. 707 The Greaves of ductile Tin.

1813 Ld. Byron Bride Abydos ii. ix. 145 The greaves below his knee that wound With silvery scales were sheathed and bound.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Lady of Shalott iii, in Poems (new ed.) 13 The sun came dazzling thro' the leaves, And flamed upon the brazen greaves Of bold Sir Launcelot.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets v. 133 The burnished brazen greaves that hang upon the wall.

†2. The part of the leg on which the greave is worn; the shin, leg. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > leg > lower leg > [noun] > shin

shina1000

greave1600

1600 New Year's Gift in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth (1823) III. 474 A slender greve swifter than roe.

Compounds

greave-stud n.

ΚΠ

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxii. xxii. 132 A greive-stud or leg harneis-naile.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† greaven.³

Etymology: < French grève: see gravel n.

Obsolete. rare.

The sandy shore of a river.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bank > [noun] > of river

sidec1275

rive1296

bankc1303

brae1330

riversidea1425

brook-sidec1450

ripec1475

pleyc1503

riverbanka1522

burn-sidec1540

greave1579

wharf1603

watera1800

riva1819

brook-bank1861

riverine1864

hag1886

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin ii. 103 The french men forbare not to march, partly upon the breache or greaue of the riuer, partely by the skirtes or stretching out of the banke.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

n.¹a1000

n.²c1400

n.³1579

单词	greave
释义	† greaven.¹ Forms: Middle English–1600s greve, 1500s–1600s greave, (Middle English Scottish grewe, 1500s plural grevous, Scottish greis, graiwis, 1600s greeve, grieve). Etymology: Old English grǽfa weak masculine or grǽfe feminine < prehistoric graiƀjon- , < graiƀo- grove n. Obsolete. 1. a. (Old English only.) Brushwood. ΚΠ a1000 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 852 He scolde gife ilca gear in to þe minstre sixtiga foðra wuda and twælf foður græfan and sex foður gearda. b. In plural. Branches, twigs. (Used once by Drayton as singular.) ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > twig > twigs or spray riceeOE sproteOE spray1297 spraya1300 greavesc1385 browse?1523 fruz1693 witch knot1806 plica1829 rowel1869 twiggery1909 twiggage1923 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Prol. 159 Of silk I-broudede ful of grene grevys. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 649 To maken hym a gerland of the greues Were it of wodebynde or hawethorn leues. ?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) Prol. l. 22 in Shorter Poems (1967) 8 The birdes sat on twistis and on greis. 1563 N. Winȝet Wks. (1890) II. 59 God forbid, I say, that in this spiritual paradise, of the graiwis [L. surculis] of cannal and balme, fra hand spring wp guild and humlokis. 1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 27 How oft haue we of grasse and greaues preparde a homely bedde? 1604 M. Drayton Moyses ii. 43 A swarming cast of Bees..Pressing each plant and loding eu'rie greaue. 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xiii. 215 Some hid among the leaues, Some in the taller trees, some in the lower greaues. 2. A thicket. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] > thicket, brake, or brush shaw755 thicketa1000 thyvela1000 greavec1050 wood-shawc1275 boscagec1400 greenwood shawc1405 thickc1430 brakec1440 shaw of wood1462 queach1486 bush1523 tuft1555 bushment1587 bocage1644 cripple1675 virgult1736 bluffc1752 thick-set1766 sylvagea1774 thicket-maze1813 bosk1815 woodlet1821 rush1822 puckerbrush1867 c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 406/33 Frondosis dumis, þæm gehilmdum græfum. c1100 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 517/36 Per dumos, þurh græfan. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9210 Whær se iss all unnsmeþe ȝet. Þurrh bannkess. & þurrh græfess. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 14 Þis greues wexen al gray, þat in her time were grene. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 1144 By hedge, by tre, by greue. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. ii. 149 Ther as wrecched greues [L. misera virgulta] Sour lond, to weet, or salt is, neuer delue. 1460 Lybeaus Disc. 551 A logge they dyghte of leves, In the grene greves. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur vi. xvi There with al came oute syre phelot oute of the greuys sodenly. ?c1475 Hunt. Hare 107 Yonder syttes [the hare] in a greyve. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 13 All grewis [1489 Adv. gressys] begouth to spryng. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. x. sig. Mm6^v It is best..that ye doe leaue Your treasure..Either fast closed in some hollow greaue, Or buried in the ground from ieopardy. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iii. vi. 40 The winde in houltes and shadie greaues A murmur makes, among the boughes and leaues. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xix. viii. 134 We made speed through greves and groves [L. per dumeta et silvas] toward the high mountains. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021). greaven.² Brit. /ɡriːv/, U.S. /ɡriv/ Forms: plural Middle English grayvez, grevez, Middle English greves, grevys, Scottish greis, 1500s–1600s graves, 1600s greeves, greves, 1500s– greaves. singular 1500s– greave, (1500s greve, 1600s grieve). Etymology: < Old French greve shin, armour for the legs (12th cent. in Littré), of unknown origin; compare Spanish grebas, grevas (Minsheu). 1. Armour for the leg below the knee. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for limbs > [noun] > leg armour > greave hosesc1275 jamberc1330 jambeauc1380 boot1388 shinbawde?a1400 greavec1400 leg piece1653 jamb1834 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 575 His legeȝ lapped in stel with luflych greuez [MS reads greueȝ]. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. viii. 847 Cusseis or greis or braseris. 1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 215 To Cakebrede ffor a harneyse complet, ssave salatt and grevys, v. marc. 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. P.iii Zoroas..The carelesse king there smote, aboue the greaue, At thopening of his quishes. 1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars ii. xi. 28 Marching in greaues, a helmet on her head. 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre v. ii. 166 From the close Caske downe to the Greaue. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1121 Put on..thy broad Habergeon, Vant-brass and Greves, and Gauntlet, add thy Spear. View more context for this quotation 1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xviii. 707 The Greaves of ductile Tin. 1813 Ld. Byron Bride Abydos ii. ix. 145 The greaves below his knee that wound With silvery scales were sheathed and bound. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Lady of Shalott iii, in Poems (new ed.) 13 The sun came dazzling thro' the leaves, And flamed upon the brazen greaves Of bold Sir Launcelot. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets v. 133 The burnished brazen greaves that hang upon the wall. †2. The part of the leg on which the greave is worn; the shin, leg. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > leg > lower leg > [noun] > shin shina1000 greave1600 1600 New Year's Gift in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth (1823) III. 474 A slender greve swifter than roe. Compounds greave-stud n. ΚΠ 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxii. xxii. 132 A greive-stud or leg harneis-naile. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † greaven.³ Etymology: < French grève: see gravel n. Obsolete. rare. The sandy shore of a river. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bank > [noun] > of river sidec1275 rive1296 bankc1303 brae1330 riversidea1425 brook-sidec1450 ripec1475 pleyc1503 riverbanka1522 burn-sidec1540 greave1579 wharf1603 watera1800 riva1819 brook-bank1861 riverine1864 hag1886 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin ii. 103 The french men forbare not to march, partly upon the breache or greaue of the riuer, partely by the skirtes or stretching out of the banke. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.¹a1000n.²c1400n.³1579
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† greaven.1

greaven.2

Compounds

† greaven.3

† greaven.¹

greaven.²

† greaven.³