gradualn.

/ˈɡradjuːəl/

Etymology: < medieval Latin graduāle noun, originally neuter of graduālis adjective: see gradual adj.

1. An antiphon sung between the Epistle and the Gospel at the Eucharist, so called because it was sung at the steps of the altar or while the deacon was ascending the steps of the ambo. (Cf. grail n.¹ 1.)

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > parts of service > gradual > [noun]

grailc1380

gradual1563

gradalea1746

1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 895/2 The Responsorie, which is called the Gradual (being wont to be songe at the steps going vp).

1674 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4) (at cited word) Gradual is also a Book, containing certain Offices belonging to the Roman church, called also a Graile.

1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers I. iii. 217 A part of a psalm was chanted between the Epistle and the Gospel, which..came to be called the gradual.

1896 Church Times 14 Aug. A special Collect, Epistle, and Gospel have been licensed for this festival by the Bishop of the diocese, and the proper Introit and Gradual were also used.

2. A book of such antiphons. = grail n.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > music books > [noun] > antiphonary > containing graduals

grailc1440

gradual1620

society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > [noun] > music book > church music > antiphonary > book of graduals

grailc1440

gradual1620

1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent viii. 752 Authoritie may bee giuen to reforme Missals, Breuiaries, Agends, and Graduals.

1674 in T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4)

1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 137 The following is another Alleluja, from an ancient Gradual.

1846 W. Maskell Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiae Anglicanae I. p. xxxiii It certainly is not easy, if it be possible, to lay down express signs by which the Antiphoner and the Gradual are always to be distinguished.

1866 J. H. Blunt Annot. Bk. Common Prayer 68 A third [volume] for the Anthems, called the Antiphonarius or Gradual.

†3. The steps of an altar. Obsolete (? nonce-use.)

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > gradual > [noun]

settle1611

altar step1637

gradual1693

predella1757

solea1858

dais1888

1693 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Metamorphoses i, in Examen Poeticum 33 Before the Gradual, prostrate they ador'd; The Pavement kiss'd, and thus the Saint implor'd.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

gradualadj.

/ˈɡradjuːəl/

Forms: Also 1500s -ale, 1600s -all.

Etymology: < medieval Latin graduālis, < gradus step. Compare French graduel.

†1.

a. Of or pertaining to degree; only in gradual difference = difference in degree. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical classification > [noun] > a division, group, or class > member of > distinguishing feature(s) of member of

difference?c1425

differentia1551

gradual difference1651

1651 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest iii. xi. §12 A Moral specifical difference is usually founded in a Natural Gradual difference.

a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1821) vi. ii. 190 Besides this gradual difference between Moses and the prophets, there is [etc.].

1658 R. Baxter Of Saving Faith ii. 15 The difference is only gradual, and not specifical.

†b. Music. gradual tone = degree n. 11(a). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > interval > [noun] > degree

degree1655

gradual tone1665

step1889

1665 C. Simpson Princ. Pract. Mvs. 3 All Musick..is formed of Seven Gradual Tones, or Degrees of Sound.

†2. Music. Corresponding to the degrees of the natural scale; giving the ‘natural’ notes. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1694 W. Holder Treat. Harmony vi. 155 The Breves representing the Tones of the broad Gradual Keys of an Organ; the Semibreves representing the Narrow Upper Keys.

†3. Arranged in, or admitting of, degrees or gradation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > [adjective] > of or relating to a system > arranged in gradations

gradual?1541

degreed1581

graduate1628

scalary1646

graduated1679

gradatory1793

gradationed1805

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Gij^v And in both the endes of y^e same ben pyttes receyuynge the roundnesses, Towarde the elbowe ben receyued y^e roundnesses graduales of the adiutory [L. rotunditates gradatas adiutorii].

1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper iii. 168 A graduall expression, growing up to the height of its emphasis by foure steps.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 483 Flours and thir fruit Mans nourishment, by gradual scale sublim'd To vital Spirits aspire.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 129 Moral Evidence is gradual, according to the variety of circumstances.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 270. ⁋1 So great an Assembly of Ladies placed in gradual Rows.

a. Of a process: Taking place by degrees; advancing step by step; slowly progressive. Of a slope: Gentle, not steep or abrupt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > gradual change > [adjective]

transitory1592

transitive1660

transitional1663

transitionary1685

gradual1692

gradative1840

gradational1842

unabrupt1865

liminala1916

the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective] > gradual or in stages

gradual1692

soft1794

gradationary1824

pedetentous1837

gradational1842

stair-step1959

1692 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §184 By a gradual Progress from the plainest and easiest Historians, he may at last come to read the most difficult and sublime of the Latin Authours.

1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra ii. viii. §14 The Transition from Humane unto Perfect Mind, is made by a Gradual Ascent.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 61 The compleat Success of Virtue, as of Reason, cannot,..be otherwise than gradual.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. xxix. 105 The gradual discovery of the weakness of Arcadius and Honorius.

1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 65 Isabel By gradual decay from beauty fell.

1840 H. S. Tanner Canals & Rail Roads U.S. 73 The ascents and descents of the summits are very gradual, not exceeding 30 feet per mile.

1844 R. W. Emerson New Eng. Reformers in Wks. (1906) I. 260 A gradual withdrawal of tender consciences from the social organizations.

1854 H. Miller Schools & Schoolmasters (1860) xxiv. 269/1 The increasing roll of the sea, showed the gradual shallowing of the water.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 66 We should consider how gradual the process is by which..a legal system..becomes perfected.

b. poetic in nonce-uses. Of objects with regard to form, movement, etc.: Tapering; sloping gradually; moving or changing gradually.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > [adjective]

taper1496

rush-grown1545

taper-fashion1545

taperinga1625

tapered1669

gradual1739

diminishing1842

the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective] > moving, changing, etc., gradually

gradual1739

the world > space > relative position > inclination > [adjective] > inclined from level or sloping > gradually

gradual1850

1739 G. Ogle Gualtherus & Griselda 5 The rounded Turret, and the gradual Spire.

1747 W. Collins Odes 38 Thy Dewy Fingers draw The gradual dusky Veil.

1764 W. Falconer Shipwreck (new ed.) i. 36 Along the arch the gradual index slides.

1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) I. 75 Back to the gradual banks and vernal bowers.

1890 W. Watson Wordsworth's Grave, etc. 71 How welcome—after drum and trumpet's din—The continuity, the long slow slope And vast curves of the gradual violin!

c. quasi-adv. (poetic).

ΚΠ

1736 J. Thomson Britain: 4th Pt. Liberty 227 Arts gradual gather Streams.

a1793 G. White Invitation in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1813) 565 There spreads the distant view, That gradual fades till sunk in misty blue.

1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. v. 313 Gradual as by prayer The sin was purged away.

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 93 Now twenty years these children of the skies Beheld their gradual growing empire rise.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby ii. ii. 56 What prospects, from his watch-tower high, Gleam gradual on the warder's eye!

1850 T. T. Lynch Memorials Theophilus Trinal v. 82 Now, gradual, earth withdraws from view.

5. gradual psalms n. fifteen psalms (cxx–cxxxiv) each of which is entitled in the King James Bible ‘Song of Degrees’, in the Revised Version ‘Song of Ascents’; in the Vulgate Canticum graduum, in the Septuagint ᾠδὴ ἀναβαθμῶν = Hebrew shīr hammaʿalōth, the sense of which is disputed. (Cf. French psaumes graduels.)

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > church music > psalm > kinds of psalm > 120 to 134 > [noun]

quinzièmesa1325

canticle or song of grees1382

gradual psalms1656

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > religious or devotional > [noun] > psalm > selection from psalms > specific

sept psaumesc1300

penitentialsc1450

penitential psalms1508

gradual psalms1656

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Gradual Psalms, are fifteen Psalms so called, that is, those fifteen together from the 118. to 133. or from the 120. to 135.

1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel v. 319 Some of the gradual psalms suit well to the habitual low estate of the returned exiles.

1893 C. L. Marson Psalms at Work (1894) 178/1 The gradual psalms..were for the ascent to the Temple.

Derivatives

ˈgradualness n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [noun] > gradualness

graduality1806

gradualness1842

1842 E. B. Pusey Crisis Eng. Church 16 We..have been exempt from the degree of trial to which a younger generation is exposed, through the very gradualness with which our conceptions of the Unity of the Church came upon us.

1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World (1884) ii. 92 The gradualness of growth is a characteristic which strikes the simplest observer.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gradual
释义	gradualn. /ˈɡradjuːəl/ Etymology: < medieval Latin graduāle noun, originally neuter of graduālis adjective: see gradual adj. 1. An antiphon sung between the Epistle and the Gospel at the Eucharist, so called because it was sung at the steps of the altar or while the deacon was ascending the steps of the ambo. (Cf. grail n.¹ 1.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > parts of service > gradual > [noun] grailc1380 gradual1563 gradalea1746 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 895/2 The Responsorie, which is called the Gradual (being wont to be songe at the steps going vp). 1674 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4) (at cited word) Gradual is also a Book, containing certain Offices belonging to the Roman church, called also a Graile. 1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers I. iii. 217 A part of a psalm was chanted between the Epistle and the Gospel, which..came to be called the gradual. 1896 Church Times 14 Aug. A special Collect, Epistle, and Gospel have been licensed for this festival by the Bishop of the diocese, and the proper Introit and Gradual were also used. 2. A book of such antiphons. = grail n.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > music books > [noun] > antiphonary > containing graduals grailc1440 gradual1620 society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > [noun] > music book > church music > antiphonary > book of graduals grailc1440 gradual1620 1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent viii. 752 Authoritie may bee giuen to reforme Missals, Breuiaries, Agends, and Graduals. 1674 in T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4) 1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 137 The following is another Alleluja, from an ancient Gradual. 1846 W. Maskell Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiae Anglicanae I. p. xxxiii It certainly is not easy, if it be possible, to lay down express signs by which the Antiphoner and the Gradual are always to be distinguished. 1866 J. H. Blunt Annot. Bk. Common Prayer 68 A third [volume] for the Anthems, called the Antiphonarius or Gradual. †3. The steps of an altar. Obsolete (? nonce-use.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > gradual > [noun] settle1611 altar step1637 gradual1693 predella1757 solea1858 dais1888 1693 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Metamorphoses i, in Examen Poeticum 33 Before the Gradual, prostrate they ador'd; The Pavement kiss'd, and thus the Saint implor'd. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online September 2019). gradualadj. /ˈɡradjuːəl/ Forms: Also 1500s -ale, 1600s -all. Etymology: < medieval Latin graduālis, < gradus step. Compare French graduel. †1. a. Of or pertaining to degree; only in gradual difference = difference in degree. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical classification > [noun] > a division, group, or class > member of > distinguishing feature(s) of member of difference?c1425 differentia1551 gradual difference1651 1651 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest iii. xi. §12 A Moral specifical difference is usually founded in a Natural Gradual difference. a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1821) vi. ii. 190 Besides this gradual difference between Moses and the prophets, there is [etc.]. 1658 R. Baxter Of Saving Faith ii. 15 The difference is only gradual, and not specifical. †b. Music. gradual tone = degree n. 11(a). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > interval > [noun] > degree degree1655 gradual tone1665 step1889 1665 C. Simpson Princ. Pract. Mvs. 3 All Musick..is formed of Seven Gradual Tones, or Degrees of Sound. †2. Music. Corresponding to the degrees of the natural scale; giving the ‘natural’ notes. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1694 W. Holder Treat. Harmony vi. 155 The Breves representing the Tones of the broad Gradual Keys of an Organ; the Semibreves representing the Narrow Upper Keys. †3. Arranged in, or admitting of, degrees or gradation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > [adjective] > of or relating to a system > arranged in gradations gradual?1541 degreed1581 graduate1628 scalary1646 graduated1679 gradatory1793 gradationed1805 ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Gij^v And in both the endes of y^e same ben pyttes receyuynge the roundnesses, Towarde the elbowe ben receyued y^e roundnesses graduales of the adiutory [L. rotunditates gradatas adiutorii]. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper iii. 168 A graduall expression, growing up to the height of its emphasis by foure steps. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 483 Flours and thir fruit Mans nourishment, by gradual scale sublim'd To vital Spirits aspire. View more context for this quotation a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 129 Moral Evidence is gradual, according to the variety of circumstances. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 270. ⁋1 So great an Assembly of Ladies placed in gradual Rows. 4. a. Of a process: Taking place by degrees; advancing step by step; slowly progressive. Of a slope: Gentle, not steep or abrupt. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > gradual change > [adjective] transitory1592 transitive1660 transitional1663 transitionary1685 gradual1692 gradative1840 gradational1842 unabrupt1865 liminala1916 the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective] > gradual or in stages gradual1692 soft1794 gradationary1824 pedetentous1837 gradational1842 stair-step1959 1692 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §184 By a gradual Progress from the plainest and easiest Historians, he may at last come to read the most difficult and sublime of the Latin Authours. 1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra ii. viii. §14 The Transition from Humane unto Perfect Mind, is made by a Gradual Ascent. 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 61 The compleat Success of Virtue, as of Reason, cannot,..be otherwise than gradual. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. xxix. 105 The gradual discovery of the weakness of Arcadius and Honorius. 1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 65 Isabel By gradual decay from beauty fell. 1840 H. S. Tanner Canals & Rail Roads U.S. 73 The ascents and descents of the summits are very gradual, not exceeding 30 feet per mile. 1844 R. W. Emerson New Eng. Reformers in Wks. (1906) I. 260 A gradual withdrawal of tender consciences from the social organizations. 1854 H. Miller Schools & Schoolmasters (1860) xxiv. 269/1 The increasing roll of the sea, showed the gradual shallowing of the water. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 66 We should consider how gradual the process is by which..a legal system..becomes perfected. b. poetic in nonce-uses. Of objects with regard to form, movement, etc.: Tapering; sloping gradually; moving or changing gradually. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > [adjective] taper1496 rush-grown1545 taper-fashion1545 taperinga1625 tapered1669 gradual1739 diminishing1842 the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective] > moving, changing, etc., gradually gradual1739 the world > space > relative position > inclination > [adjective] > inclined from level or sloping > gradually gradual1850 1739 G. Ogle Gualtherus & Griselda 5 The rounded Turret, and the gradual Spire. 1747 W. Collins Odes 38 Thy Dewy Fingers draw The gradual dusky Veil. 1764 W. Falconer Shipwreck (new ed.) i. 36 Along the arch the gradual index slides. 1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) I. 75 Back to the gradual banks and vernal bowers. 1890 W. Watson Wordsworth's Grave, etc. 71 How welcome—after drum and trumpet's din—The continuity, the long slow slope And vast curves of the gradual violin! c. quasi-adv. (poetic). ΚΠ 1736 J. Thomson Britain: 4th Pt. Liberty 227 Arts gradual gather Streams. a1793 G. White Invitation in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1813) 565 There spreads the distant view, That gradual fades till sunk in misty blue. 1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. v. 313 Gradual as by prayer The sin was purged away. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 93 Now twenty years these children of the skies Beheld their gradual growing empire rise. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby ii. ii. 56 What prospects, from his watch-tower high, Gleam gradual on the warder's eye! 1850 T. T. Lynch Memorials Theophilus Trinal v. 82 Now, gradual, earth withdraws from view. 5. gradual psalms n. fifteen psalms (cxx–cxxxiv) each of which is entitled in the King James Bible ‘Song of Degrees’, in the Revised Version ‘Song of Ascents’; in the Vulgate Canticum graduum, in the Septuagint ᾠδὴ ἀναβαθμῶν = Hebrew shīr hammaʿalōth, the sense of which is disputed. (Cf. French psaumes graduels.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > church music > psalm > kinds of psalm > 120 to 134 > [noun] quinzièmesa1325 canticle or song of grees1382 gradual psalms1656 society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > religious or devotional > [noun] > psalm > selection from psalms > specific sept psaumesc1300 penitentialsc1450 penitential psalms1508 gradual psalms1656 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Gradual Psalms, are fifteen Psalms so called, that is, those fifteen together from the 118. to 133. or from the 120. to 135. 1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel v. 319 Some of the gradual psalms suit well to the habitual low estate of the returned exiles. 1893 C. L. Marson Psalms at Work (1894) 178/1 The gradual psalms..were for the ascent to the Temple. Derivatives ˈgradualness n. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [noun] > gradualness graduality1806 gradualness1842 1842 E. B. Pusey Crisis Eng. Church 16 We..have been exempt from the degree of trial to which a younger generation is exposed, through the very gradualness with which our conceptions of the Unity of the Church came upon us. 1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World (1884) ii. 92 The gradualness of growth is a characteristic which strikes the simplest observer. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1563adj.?1541
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