gradatev.

Brit.

/ɡrəˈdeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈɡreɪˌdeɪt/

Etymology: Back-formation < gradation n.

1. With reference to colour:

a. intransitive. To pass by imperceptible grades from one tone or shade to another; to shade off. Const. into.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > change of colour > change colour [verb (intransitive)] > merge gradate

gradate1753

shadow1839

shade1841

1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty xii. 96 Retiring shades, which gradate or go off by degrees.

1775 C. Davy & F. Davy tr. M.-T. Bourrit Relation of Journey to Glaciers Savoy 113 The deeper colour of a single neighbouring mountain, which gradated from top to bottom.

1823 Examiner 186/1 The light..admirably gradates into and contrasts the solemn dark on the shore.

b. transitive. To cause so to pass by imperceptible grades.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > colour [verb (transitive)] > pass gradually from one to another

ennew1430

gradate1853

grade1871

1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice III. ii. 46 Let the reader take the two extreme tints, and carefully gradate the one into the other.

1857 J. Ruskin Elements Drawing iii. 219 It is not enough..that colour should be gradated by being made merely paler or darker at one place than another.

absolute.1857 J. Ruskin Elements Drawing i. 20 If you cannot gradate well with pure black lines, you will never gradate well with pale ones.1874 R. St. J. Tyrwhitt Our Sketching Club 70 Now gradate over the gray to nothing with a little vermillion and yellow ochre.

2. transitive. To arrange in steps or grades (material or immaterial). ? Only in passive. Const. into. Also with off.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > other specific shapes > make into other specific shape [verb (transitive)] > arrange in steps or terrace

bench1615

gradate1869

the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)] > reduce to order > arrange in gradations

graduate1610

gradate1869

scale1934

1869 A. W. Ward tr. E. Curtius Hist. Greece II. iii. i. 254 The surrounding heights are gradated off in artificial terraces up to their summit.

1885 W. Black White Heather in Longman's Mag. 6 126 In the old country, where society is gradated into ranks.

Categories »

3. Chemistry (? U.S. only.) ‘To bring to a certain strength or grade of concentration; as, to gradate a saline solution’ (Webster 1897); ‘to concentrate as by evaporation’ (Funk's Stand. Dict.). Cf. graduate adj. and n., graduation n., graduator n.

Derivatives

graˈdated adj.

ΚΠ

1846 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters II. 44 Compare the gradated colours of the rainbow with the stripes of a target.

1863 E. V. Neale Analogy Thought & Nature 179 These currents would produce, in all substances possessing a ‘gradated’ structure, secondary currents circulating round them.

1886 Spectator 18 Dec. 1711 Glowing with rich and carefully gradated colour.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gradate
释义	gradatev. Brit. /ɡrəˈdeɪt/, U.S. /ˈɡreɪˌdeɪt/ Etymology: Back-formation < gradation n. 1. With reference to colour: a. intransitive. To pass by imperceptible grades from one tone or shade to another; to shade off. Const. into. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > change of colour > change colour [verb (intransitive)] > merge gradate gradate1753 shadow1839 shade1841 1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty xii. 96 Retiring shades, which gradate or go off by degrees. 1775 C. Davy & F. Davy tr. M.-T. Bourrit Relation of Journey to Glaciers Savoy 113 The deeper colour of a single neighbouring mountain, which gradated from top to bottom. 1823 Examiner 186/1 The light..admirably gradates into and contrasts the solemn dark on the shore. b. transitive. To cause so to pass by imperceptible grades. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > colour [verb (transitive)] > pass gradually from one to another ennew1430 gradate1853 grade1871 1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice III. ii. 46 Let the reader take the two extreme tints, and carefully gradate the one into the other. 1857 J. Ruskin Elements Drawing iii. 219 It is not enough..that colour should be gradated by being made merely paler or darker at one place than another. absolute.1857 J. Ruskin Elements Drawing i. 20 If you cannot gradate well with pure black lines, you will never gradate well with pale ones.1874 R. St. J. Tyrwhitt Our Sketching Club 70 Now gradate over the gray to nothing with a little vermillion and yellow ochre. 2. transitive. To arrange in steps or grades (material or immaterial). ? Only in passive. Const. into. Also with off. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > other specific shapes > make into other specific shape [verb (transitive)] > arrange in steps or terrace bench1615 gradate1869 the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)] > reduce to order > arrange in gradations graduate1610 gradate1869 scale1934 1869 A. W. Ward tr. E. Curtius Hist. Greece II. iii. i. 254 The surrounding heights are gradated off in artificial terraces up to their summit. 1885 W. Black White Heather in Longman's Mag. 6 126 In the old country, where society is gradated into ranks. Categories » 3. Chemistry (? U.S. only.) ‘To bring to a certain strength or grade of concentration; as, to gradate a saline solution’ (Webster 1897); ‘to concentrate as by evaporation’ (Funk's Stand. Dict.). Cf. graduate adj. and n., graduation n., graduator n. Derivatives graˈdated adj. ΚΠ 1846 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters II. 44 Compare the gradated colours of the rainbow with the stripes of a target. 1863 E. V. Neale Analogy Thought & Nature 179 These currents would produce, in all substances possessing a ‘gradated’ structure, secondary currents circulating round them. 1886 Spectator 18 Dec. 1711 Glowing with rich and carefully gradated colour. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1753
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