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单词 graceless
释义

gracelessadj.n.

Brit. /ˈɡreɪslᵻs/, U.S. /ˈɡreɪslᵻs/
Forms: see grace n. and -less suffix; also late Middle English graciles.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: grace n., -less suffix.
Etymology: < grace n. + -less suffix.
A. adj.
1. Not in a state of grace, unregenerate; depraved, wicked, ungodly, impious.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil and graceless > [adjective]
gracelessc1400
ungracious1415
society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [adjective] > reprobate
ungracious?c1225
gracelessc1400
reprobate1557
abrupt1583
perditious1600
perdite1625
deperdit1641
castaway1818
c1400 W. Langland Piers Plowman (Cambr. Dd.3.13) (1873) C. xxi. l. 479 Graselese [c1400 Huntington HM 137 May no grysliche gost glyde þer hit shadeweþ].
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 161 (MED) Þe peple schal be graceles, vnmyȝty in batayle, & vnstedfast in þe feyth of holy cherch.
a1500 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Douce) l. 163 Now am I a graceles [c1440 Thornton grisely] gost... With lucifer in a lake loȝ am I lighte.
a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. v. sig. F.viiiv Lette no man sinne in hope of grace.. he eyther gracelesse goe lynger on carelesse, or with a care fruitelesse, fall into dispayre.
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 256 Hee was glad..to receiue at his hipocritall hands a gracelesse blessing for his better speed.
1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 96 Hereby you do a great deal more bolster graceless fellows in their wickedness, than you are aware of.
1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. iv. 100 Even our Father and Mother themselves have been negligent, godless, and graceless.
1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. i. vi. 82 The graceless Furniture of the Old Man with his Affections and Lusts.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iv, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. II. 91 There's a minister in the Tolbooth—wha will ca' it a graceless place, now?
1853 J. B. Marsden Hist. Early Puritans (ed. 2) 305 They [sc. the pilgrim fathers] saw the graceless intruders wasting their substance in riot.
1912 Dublin Rev. Jan. 31 The wicked are seldom wholly graceless if you peep within.
1961 E. Prosser Drama & Relig. in Eng. Myst. Plays i. ii. 37 All life lost in a graceless state is wasted and must be accounted for after death.
1995 Methodist Recorder 3 Aug. 3/2 He insists on the primary requirement of loving behaviour in the use of the many gifts God has given to his Church; which otherwise are graceless.
2. Unfavoured; unfortunate. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disfavour > [adjective] > disfavoured
gracelessa1413
discountenanced1749
unfavoured1774
demonish1808
disfavoured1865
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) i. l. 781 How wostow so þat þow art graceles.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 2253 (MED) O woful wrecchis..Vnhappy eke, and graceles also, Infortunat and inly wo-be-go!
1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 789 It war ane graceles gude that I war cummin to.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Aug. 113 If for gracelesse griefe I die.
3. Merciless, unfeeling, cruel, pitiless. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > pitilessness > [adjective] > merciless
orelesseOE
sternc1275
fell?c1335
unmerciablea1382
wantona1393
mercilessc1400
unmercifula1425
gracelessc1425
unmercifula1450
unmerciless1545
unsparinga1586
spareless1589
unhuman1611
inclement1621
unmercied1627
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. l. 1690 Horestes—þat so merciles, Liche a tyraunte þat were graciles, His moder slowe.
1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 31 His honor could not obtaine this small suit at your graceles hands.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. xii. sig. Y5v He shund his strokes, where euer they did fall, And way did giue vnto their gracelesse speed. View more context for this quotation
1658 J. Mennes & J. Smith Wit Restor'd 32 Asking grace of a graceles face.
1774 J. W. Fletcher Zelotes & Honestus Reconciled x. 102 God never remembered to show any mercy to Judas..God was a graceless God to Iscariot.
4. Lacking grace, charm, or elegance; not graceful; unlovely.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > inelegance > [adjective] > ungraceful
graceless?1507
clumsy1597
ungainly1611
awkwarda1616
disgraceful1615
unwieldya1635
dishonest1653
ungraceful1667
ungracious1695
ungain1710
unswan-like1837
unheppen1855
disgracious1870
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 51 Me thoght him gracelese on to goif.
1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Spirituall Husbandry i, in tr. Popish Kingdome f. 64v Gracelesse cockle lothsome to the eye.
1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 37 The most ill-favoured and gracelesse Pictures most commonly wrought by them that [etc.].
1720 A. Pennecuik Streams from Helicon (ed. 2) i. 36 Giles struck him on the Breech with manly Force, His graceless baudy Buttocks hang an A—.
1796 M. G. Lewis Monk I. Pref. p. vii Of graceless form and dwarfish stature.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 490 Crowns, coronets, mitres, and similar graceless objects.
1884 St. James's Gaz. 26 Jan. 6/1 The composition is graceless, the colour sombre, and the handling broad.
1922 ‘R. West’ Judge i. ii. 55 The graceless embarrassment that he had shown..by purposeless rubbings of his hands and twisting of the ankles.
1970 N. Bawden Birds on Trees vii. 128 It was as if something malign worked in her,..making her clumsy and graceless so that everyone despised her!
2003 C. Berlinski Loose Lips ix. 204 An elderly Asian woman practiced a graceless but enthusiastic species of Tai Chi.
5. Wanting sense of decency or propriety; improper, uncouth.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > unfittingness > [adjective]
unbecomelyc1200
uncomelyc1230
unsetec1325
unconablea1340
unhonestc1380
unsitting1390
undue1398
ungainanda1400
disconvenienta1425
unjustc1443
unconvenient1450
unsoundablec1450
inconvenientc1460
unorderly1471
mis-seeminga1522
unconvenable1542
undecent1546
ungreeing1560
graceless1562
unsetting1567
unhovable1570
ill1586
uncouth1589
unfittinga1592
unbeseeming1593
seemless1596
unbecoming1598
unbefitting1598
ill-seta1627
unbeseemly1648
ungainlya1660
indecorous1681
paw-paw1723
ungain-like1796
jive1971
society > morality > dueness or propriety > moral impropriety > [adjective]
unbecomelyc1200
uncomelyc1230
unseemlya1300
unsetec1325
unseemly1338
unconablea1340
unseeminga1340
uncovenablec1374
unsitting1390
undue1398
ungainanda1400
unseemc1425
unjustc1443
unconvenient1450
unsoundablec1450
unhonestc1503
inconvenienta1513
mis-seeminga1522
unconvenable1542
undecent1546
graceless1562
unsetting1567
indecent1570
misbecoming1589
misbeseeming1589
uncouth1589
unbeseeming1593
seemless1596
unbecoming1598
unbefitting1598
wry1601
disbecominga1639
unbeseemly1648
improper1739
ugly1879
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > improper
unjustc1443
graceless1562
ill1586
ugly1594
incorrect1672
paw-paw1723
improper1739
unproper1797
pah1835
1562 in T. Stretton Marital Litigation Court of Requests (2008) 46 What greater provucacion canne there be then to gyve bowldnes to all graceles and unshamefast women to runne the lyke base yf she..shoul[d] be favored or spared.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. iv. sig. Q1 In sooth (answered Dametas with a gracelesse skorne) the Lad may proue wel enough, if [etc.].
1642 T. Fuller Holy State v. xiv. 412 To mouth an oath with a gracelesse grace.
1715 J. Addison Spectator No. 559. ¶3 The graceless Youth, in less than a quarter of an Hour, pulled the old Gentleman by the Beard.
1796 H. Macneill Waes o' War iii. 20 Villain! wha wi' graceless folly Ruin'd her he ought to save.
1885 Manch. Examiner 10 Apr. 5/2 If graceless insults are levelled at them they are not worthy a reply.
1914 T. W. Burgess Adventures of Jerry Muskrat ii. 8 Bobby Coon is a graceless young scamp and does not always show proper respect to his neighbors.
1970 Life 11 Dec. 4/1 The latest manifestation was the graceless and unfeeling firing of six of Interior Secretary Walter Hickel's staff.
2003 J. Park Tongues of Angels 11 As young as Rob was, the seminary took him, educated him, taught him manners and how to speak well, made a man from the graceless boy.
6. Of a meal: that is eaten without grace being said. Also (in quot. 1699) of a person: that has not said grace before a meal. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. Graceless, (that has not said Grace) Qui n'a point rendu graces.
1756 J. Graham Jrnl. 17 Aug. in E. Forbes Paul Revere & World he lived In (1942) ii. vi. 47 Brakfasted this morning with the General. But a graceless meal; never a blessing asked, nor thanks given.
1802 Monthly Mag. Jan. 482/1 I have escaped from a lonely crowd..and palled a graceless meal, which began without a thought of thanks to God, and ended with a loud and general call for the Devil.
1862 J. R. Balme Amer. States, Churches, & Slavery 368 No food was tasted by him without asking a divine blessing on it. He had no graceless meals, and performed no graceless exploits.
B. n.
1. A graceless person; a person lacking (God's) favour. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil and graceless > [noun] > person
gracelessc1405
want-grace1603
slack-grace1623
society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > reprobacy > person
gracelessc1405
castaway1526
losthope?c1550
reprobate1592
want-grace1603
perdu1611
slack-grace1623
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale (Ellesmere) (1875) l. 1078 O gracelees [c1410 Harl. 7334 graceles], ful blynd is thy conceite.
a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 207 Our gallowis gaipis, lo, quhair ane greceles gais.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vi. 14 Gracelesse, wilt thou deny thy Parentage. View more context for this quotation
1767 A. Murphy School for Guardians v. 85 Where is the graceless, the profligate, the abandoned!
1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. vi. vi. 99 Rejoicing to find something of a soldier in the young graceless, after all.
2. With plural agreement. With the. Graceless people as a class.
ΚΠ
a1500 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1932) 161 195 What kyngdome þat ys waryed so Þe commons dystroyed plogh & wayne Than wakeþ all þe gentyls woo For ofte the graceles ben yslayne.
1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. ii. vi. 124 Do the Armenians hold that the Wills of the graceless and unsanctified are freed from sinful habits?
1779 Pictures of Men, Manners & Times II. 33 He perceives the idea of the Graces to have affected the graceless, and to have produced in the outward behaviour of the most notorious debauchees the affectation of delicacy.
1874 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David IV. Ps. xcii. 12 Contrasts the condition of the righteous with that of the graceless.
1903 Expos. Bible I. 18/1 Do not accept it as a thing fixed that you are to be one of the graceless and ungodly.
1999 J. D. Faubion in G. E. Marcus Paranoia within Reason xv. 396 So the ‘graceless’ and the ‘haunted’ often find positions as jesters, as artists, as university professors.

Compounds

graceless florin n. a British florin minted in 1849, which omitted the letters D.G. (Dei Gratia) after Queen Victoria's name; cf. godless florin n. at godless adj. and n. Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > florin or two shillings
florin1849
godless florin1849
graceless florin1862
Scotchman1879
lamb-florin1885
swy1924
peg1950
1862 Notes & Queries 16 Aug. 126/1 (heading) The graceless florin and the potato disease.
1894 Morning Post 10 Aug. 3/3 By a most extraordinary coincidence I yesterday received in change for half a sovereign a ‘graceless florin’... There are still specimens in circulation, albeit they must now be very rare.
1992 Times (Nexis) 15 Feb. It was much disliked at the time, being known as the ‘godless’ florin because it omitted F.D . (Fidei Defensor, defender of the faith), and the ‘graceless’ florin, because it omitted the usual Dei Gratia (by the grace of God).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.n.c1400
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