Gondwanan.

/ɡɒndˈwɑːnə/

Forms: Also Gondwána.

Etymology: Name of a region in central north India, < Sanskrit goṇḍavana , < goṇḍa Gond n. and adj. + vana forest.

Geology.

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a. The name given originally to an extensive series of rocks in India, chiefly sandstone and shales of fluviatile origin, ranging in age from the Upper Carboniferous to the Jurassic or the Cretaceous; later used to designate similar rock systems with the same characteristic fossil flora found in other countries. Also: = Gondwanaland n.

b. Hence as quasi-adj.: of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the Gondwana systems or the period during which they were formed. See also Gondwanaland n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] > others

Menevian1871

Gondwana1873

Purbeckian1874

Ozarkian1909

1873 H. F. Blanford Rudiments Physical Geogr. Indian Sch. x. 116 An enormous series of deposits in Central India and Bengal, apparently of fresh water origin, for which the name ‘Gondwána series’ has been proposed by Mr. Medlicott.

1876 O. Feistmantel in Rec. Geol. Surv. India IX. 28 The best known, because almost the only fossiliferous, rock-series in the peninsula area of India, is that usually spoken of collectively as the plant-bearing series. This is an awkward designation; and I will at once adopt instead the name Gondwána series or system, to be understood in the same wide sense as when we speak of the Jurassic or Silurian series or system. The name was proposed some years ago by Mr. Medlicott, and has since been more or less current on the survey.

1879 H. B. Medlicott & W. T. Blanford Geol. India Introd. p. xxviii The Gondwána beds are distributed in large basins.

1880 O. Feistmantel in Rec. Geol. Surv. India XIII. 190 (heading) The correlation of the Gondwána flora with other flora.

1895 O. Feistmantel in Rec. Geol. Surv. India XXVIII. 117 The discovery of Gondwana plants in Argentina.

1909 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 65 p. ii Expedition to the Falkland Islands... Fossils, principally leaves of Glossopteris, occur in many places, and it is evident that the whole southern part of East Falkland..belongs to the Gondwana System.

1919 D. N. Wadia Geol. India 133 The soil yielded by the weathering of the Upper Gondwanas, as of nearly all Gondwana rocks, is a sandy shallow soil.

1936 J. C. Brown India's Min. Wealth (ed. 2) i. 11 Over 98 per cent of the coal is mined from the Lower Gondwana rocks of the peninsula.

1943 M. S. Krishnan Geol. India & Burma (1949) x. 242 The name Gondwana was introduced by H. B. Medlicott in 1872 in a manuscript report.

1956 W. J. Arkell Jurassic Geol. World xiv. 384 It is necessary to return to the threefold division of the Gondwana system... According to this classification the Lower Gondwanas are Upper Palaeozoic, the Middle are Triassic and the Upper are Cretaceous.

1961 L. C. King in A. E. M. Nairn Descr. Palaeoclimatol. 309 By virtue of its size Gondwanaland must have extended beyond any simple climatic girdle... The huge landspread of Gondwana, indeed, does exhibit palaeoclimatic zoning appropriate to two or three of these girdles.

1965 New Scientist 14 Oct. 96/2 Any reconstruction of the Gondwana supercontinent results in several Texas-sized missing pieces to this jigsaw puzzle.

1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 484/1 The Gondwana landscape was broken up by the fragmentation of Gondwanaland.

c. absol. or as n. Short for Gondwana bed, formation, period, rock, etc.

ΚΠ

1879 H. B. Medlicott & W. T. Blanford Geol. India Introd. p. xxviii The plants of the lower Gondwánas consist of acrogens and gymnogens.

1880 Rec. Geol. Surv. India XIII. 90 The fluviatile deposits of the upper Gondwánas.

1895 Rec. Geol. Surv. India XXVIII. 117 A patch of Gondwanas..contained several rather fair coal-seams.

1933 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 89 p. lxxxiii These latter beds..are typical ‘Gondwanas’, corresponding with the upper part of the Santa Catherina system in Brazil, the Stormberg of South Africa, and the Rajmahals of India.

1953 D. N. Wadia Geol. India (ed. 3) ix. 188 The Middle Gondwana was also the epoch of most extensive land-conditions in India. During the Upper Gondwana, epeiric seas began to encroach on its borders from the north-west and south-east.

1956 [see sense b].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	gondwana
释义	Gondwanan. /ɡɒndˈwɑːnə/ Forms: Also Gondwána. Etymology: Name of a region in central north India, < Sanskrit goṇḍavana , < goṇḍa Gond n. and adj. + vana forest. Geology. Thesaurus » Categories » a. The name given originally to an extensive series of rocks in India, chiefly sandstone and shales of fluviatile origin, ranging in age from the Upper Carboniferous to the Jurassic or the Cretaceous; later used to designate similar rock systems with the same characteristic fossil flora found in other countries. Also: = Gondwanaland n. b. Hence as quasi-adj.: of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the Gondwana systems or the period during which they were formed. See also Gondwanaland n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] > others Menevian1871 Gondwana1873 Purbeckian1874 Ozarkian1909 1873 H. F. Blanford Rudiments Physical Geogr. Indian Sch. x. 116 An enormous series of deposits in Central India and Bengal, apparently of fresh water origin, for which the name ‘Gondwána series’ has been proposed by Mr. Medlicott. 1876 O. Feistmantel in Rec. Geol. Surv. India IX. 28 The best known, because almost the only fossiliferous, rock-series in the peninsula area of India, is that usually spoken of collectively as the plant-bearing series. This is an awkward designation; and I will at once adopt instead the name Gondwána series or system, to be understood in the same wide sense as when we speak of the Jurassic or Silurian series or system. The name was proposed some years ago by Mr. Medlicott, and has since been more or less current on the survey. 1879 H. B. Medlicott & W. T. Blanford Geol. India Introd. p. xxviii The Gondwána beds are distributed in large basins. 1880 O. Feistmantel in Rec. Geol. Surv. India XIII. 190 (heading) The correlation of the Gondwána flora with other flora. 1895 O. Feistmantel in Rec. Geol. Surv. India XXVIII. 117 The discovery of Gondwana plants in Argentina. 1909 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 65 p. ii Expedition to the Falkland Islands... Fossils, principally leaves of Glossopteris, occur in many places, and it is evident that the whole southern part of East Falkland..belongs to the Gondwana System. 1919 D. N. Wadia Geol. India 133 The soil yielded by the weathering of the Upper Gondwanas, as of nearly all Gondwana rocks, is a sandy shallow soil. 1936 J. C. Brown India's Min. Wealth (ed. 2) i. 11 Over 98 per cent of the coal is mined from the Lower Gondwana rocks of the peninsula. 1943 M. S. Krishnan Geol. India & Burma (1949) x. 242 The name Gondwana was introduced by H. B. Medlicott in 1872 in a manuscript report. 1956 W. J. Arkell Jurassic Geol. World xiv. 384 It is necessary to return to the threefold division of the Gondwana system... According to this classification the Lower Gondwanas are Upper Palaeozoic, the Middle are Triassic and the Upper are Cretaceous. 1961 L. C. King in A. E. M. Nairn Descr. Palaeoclimatol. 309 By virtue of its size Gondwanaland must have extended beyond any simple climatic girdle... The huge landspread of Gondwana, indeed, does exhibit palaeoclimatic zoning appropriate to two or three of these girdles. 1965 New Scientist 14 Oct. 96/2 Any reconstruction of the Gondwana supercontinent results in several Texas-sized missing pieces to this jigsaw puzzle. 1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 484/1 The Gondwana landscape was broken up by the fragmentation of Gondwanaland. c. absol. or as n. Short for Gondwana bed, formation, period, rock, etc. ΚΠ 1879 H. B. Medlicott & W. T. Blanford Geol. India Introd. p. xxviii The plants of the lower Gondwánas consist of acrogens and gymnogens. 1880 Rec. Geol. Surv. India XIII. 90 The fluviatile deposits of the upper Gondwánas. 1895 Rec. Geol. Surv. India XXVIII. 117 A patch of Gondwanas..contained several rather fair coal-seams. 1933 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 89 p. lxxxiii These latter beds..are typical ‘Gondwanas’, corresponding with the upper part of the Santa Catherina system in Brazil, the Stormberg of South Africa, and the Rajmahals of India. 1953 D. N. Wadia Geol. India (ed. 3) ix. 188 The Middle Gondwana was also the epoch of most extensive land-conditions in India. During the Upper Gondwana, epeiric seas began to encroach on its borders from the north-west and south-east. 1956 [see sense b]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.1873
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