goldfishn.

Brit.

/ˈɡəʊl(d)fɪʃ/, U.S.

/ˈɡoʊl(d)ˌfɪʃ/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, goldfishes;

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: gold n.¹, fish n.¹

Etymology: < gold n.¹ + fish n.¹, with reference to the golden markings or golden-coloured appearance of the various fishes.Compare German Goldfisch (from 15th cent. denoting various gold-coloured fishes, e.g. the allis shad (late 15th cent.) and the ruffe (16th cent.); now chiefly in sense 1c). Specific senses. In quot. 1598² at sense 1a in sense ‘John Dory’, as an etymologizing gloss of dory n.² In sense 1b after French dorade, †dorate dorado n. In sense 1c perhaps (ultimately) after Chinese huángjīnyú (17th cent. or earlier; < huángjīn , lit. ‘yellow precious metal, yellow gold’ + yú fish; perhaps the form underlying the Dutch translated quot. 1669) or the shorter form jīnyú. Compare also French poisson d'or (1764). In sense 2 after French dorade (1746 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1750), itself after post-classical Latin dorado (for both, see dorado n.); compare earlier dorado n. 3.

†a. Any of various fishes of a yellowish colour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun]

whalec950

tumbrelc1300

sprout1340

squame1393

codmop1466

whitefish1482

lineshark?a1500

salen1508

glaucus1509

bretcock1522

warcodling1525

razor1530

bassinatc1540

goldeney1542

smy1552

maiden1555

grail1587

whiting1587

needle1589

pintle-fish1591

goldfish1598

puffin fish1598

quap1598

stork1600

black-tail1601

ellops1601

fork-fish1601

sea-grape1601

sea-lizard1601

sea-raven1601

barne1602

plosher1602

whale-mouse1607

bowman1610

catfish1620

hog1620

kettle-fish1630

sharpa1636

carda1641

housewifea1641

roucotea1641

ox-fisha1642

sea-serpent1646

croaker1651

alderling1655

butkin1655

shamefish1655

yard1655

sea-dart1664

sea-pelican1664

Negro1666

sea-parrot1666

sea-blewling1668

sea-stickling1668

skull-fish1668

whale's guide1668

sennet1671

barracuda1678

skate-bread1681

tuck-fish1681

swallowtail1683

piaba1686

pit-fish1686

sand-creeper1686

horned hog1702

soldier1704

sea-crowa1717

bran1720

grunter1726

calcops1727

bennet1731

bonefish1734

Negro fish1735

isinglass-fish1740

orb1740

gollin1747

smelt1776

night-walker1777

water monarch1785

hardhead1792

macaw-fish1792

yellowback1796

sea-raven1797

blueback1812

stumpnose1831

flat1847

butterfish1849

croppie1856

gubbahawn1857

silt1863

silt-snapper1863

mullet-head1866

sailor1883

hogback1893

skipper1898

stocker1904

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Aspredo, a fish called a ruffe or a gold-fish.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Pesce san Pietro, a fish called a dorea, or gold fish.

1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 342 The Gold Fish is very beautiful, shap'd in the Body almost like the Silver Fish.

1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 192 Gold-Fishes are never seen near the Cape, but in the Months of May, June, July and August.

1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina 44 The gold-fish is about the size of the anchovy.

†b. A dolphinfish or dorado of the genus Coryphaena, which has a metallic golden lustre. Obsolete.Translated from the French.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > member of family Coryphaenidae (dolphin)

gilthead1538

dorado1604

dolphin1626

golden-poll1655

goldfish1670

pudding-wife1735

river porpoise1736

river dolphin1781

pudding fish?a1808

mahimahi1905

lampuki1925

1670 tr. N. Villaut Relation Coasts Guinee 271 Their Sea-fish are the Gold-fish [Fr. Dorades], Bonnittes, Jacos, as bigg as our Calves, Sea-pikes, fresh-Cod, Tunny-fish, and Thorneback.

1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 45 The Gold-Fish [Fr. La Dorate] and the Bonite continually make War with them in the Water.

1771 tr. A.-J. Pernety Hist. Voy. Malouine Islands 12 We saw great numbers of flying fishes. They were pursued by thunnies and gold fish.

c. A small golden-red freshwater fish, Carrasius auratus (family Cyprinidae), native to China, and commonly kept in ponds, cold-water tanks, or (esp. formerly) glass globes.A long history of breeding (esp. in China and Japan) has resulted in many varieties of form and colour. Cf. lion-head n. at lion n. Compounds 2a, telescope goldfish n. at telescope n. Compounds 2, veiltail n., etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) > carassius auratus (gold-fish)

goldfish1752

crucian1763

gold carp1765

crusoe1799

telescope-eye1848

telescope goldfish1880

shubunkin1917

lion-head1928

Oranda1928

1669 J. Ogilby tr. J. Nieuhof Embassy E.-India Company 270 In the Province of Chekiang, near the City Canghoa, lyes the Mountain Cienking, upon which is a Pool famous for the Gold or yellow Fish [Du. de gout-geele visschen] that is in it.]

1752 H. Walpole Let. 6 June in Corr. (1941) IX. 134 There are some mandarin-cats fishing for gold fish which will delight you.

1804 W. Bingley Animal Biogr. (ed. 2) III. 196 Gold Fish..are natives of China... They were first introduced into England about the year 1691.

1873 B. Stewart Conservation of Energy i. 8 A glass globe containing numerous goldfish.

1904 ‘Saki’ Reginald 115 I might have been a gold-fish in a glass bowl for all the privacy I got.

1955 Househ. Guide & Almanac (News of World) 131/1 The common goldfish is undoubtedly the most popular cold-water fish.

2003 Independent 29 Dec. i. 6/5 Binh has a goldfish in her room and a pin board covered with pictures of Cliff Richard.

d. U.S. The Garibaldi damselfish, Hypsypops rubicundus, of the eastern Pacific Ocean, which is of a bright orange colour (= Garibaldi n. 2). Also more fully Garibaldi goldfish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > family Pomacentridae > member of (damsel-fish)

Beau-gregory1847

coral-fish1880

goldfish1882

demoiselle1884

Garibaldi1885

damsel-fish1905

white-ear1922

anemonefish1924

maomao1926

1882 Proc. U.S. National Mus. 1881 4 52 Hypsypops rubicundus (Grd.) Gill.—Garibaldi; Red Perch; Gold-fish. Abundant about the Santa Barbara Islands and southward.

1967 J. Dugan et al. World Beneath Sea iv. 75/1 Weaving through kelp and peeking out from holes in the rocks, garibaldi goldfish, perch, and rockfish kept a wary eye on me.

2009 Vanity Fair Mar. 316/1 You'd get down to the beach and you'd be able to see garibaldi, which were the goldfish in the Pacific Ocean.

2. Astronomy. With the and capital initial. (An English name of) the constellation Dorado. Chiefly as a conscious translation (cf. sense 1b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > Southern constellations > [noun] > Dorado

xiphias1728

goldfish1750

dorado1813

1750 J. Robertson tr. N. L. de La Caille Elements Astron. i. i. 28 Navigators.., having discovered those stars which are never seen in Europe, have formed them into twelve new constellations, viz. the Peacock, Crane, Toucan, Phenix, Gold Fish, Flying Fish, [etc.].

1899 R. H. Allen Star-names 201 (heading) Dorado, the Goldfish.

1964 D. H. Menzel Field Guide Stars & Planets 113 Dorado (the Goldfish).

2004 G. Schilling Evolving Cosmos 131 (caption) A double nebula (NGC 1850) in the Large Magellanic Cloud at a distance of 170 000 light-years in the constellation Dorado (The Goldfish).

3. U.S. colloquial (originally and chiefly Army slang). Tinned fish, esp. tinned salmon. Now archaic and historical. [The semantic motivation for this sense is unclear.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > tinned fish

goldfish1900

1900 C. R. Mabey Utah Batteries 92 Mess time..was not an occasion of the greatest felicity to the returning volunteers.... They made comments,..not at all flattering to the bill of fare, about ‘gold fish’ and ‘slum–gullion’.

a1918 J. R. Crowe Pat Crowe, Aviator (1919) iii. x. 74 The hated Bully Beef and canned Goldfish and Army Punk.

1944 A. Ind Bataan, Judgment Seat 238 They had real roast beef. No one asked where, or how come. We just ate fast, lest it should turn into ‘goldfish’.

1981 W. V. Benedict Hist. White Pine Blister Rust Control 27/2 Dinner that night was typical for those days [sc. in the Forest Service]... Canned salmon, dubbed ‘goldfish’, was the main entree.

2014 P. A. Bakker 104th Field Artillery Regiment N.Y. National Guard vii. 135 The men at the front largely lived on canned corned beef... Some units had canned roast beef, called ‘monkey meat’, or salmon, called ‘goldfish’.

Compounds

General attributive, as goldfish pond, goldfish tank, etc.

ΚΠ

1755 H. Walpole Let. 17 July in Corr. (1973) XXXV. 238 After dinner we dragged a gold-fish pond for my Lady F— and Lord S.

1820 Morning Post 5 May (advt.) Clarke's seed and gold fish warehouse.

1848 Reynolds's Misc. 12 Feb. 222/2 She..filled her gold-fish globes with leeches, the gyrations and tortuous evolutions of which she watched by the hour.

1871 H. T. Williams Window Gardening (1876) 275 The flower basket, with goldfish basin, is very cheerful to look at when standing in a bay window.

1908 H. E. Haskell O-Heart-San iv. 26 The goldfish pond, where the fat, red fish came to the surface of the water begging silently for lard cakes.

1952 G. F. Hervey & J. Hems Freshwater Trop. Aquarium Fishes i. 4 As early as 1889 a goldfish farm had been established in Maryland, and long before the end of the century..books on goldfish-culture were enjoying good sales.

1994 Face Aug. 25 A five-gallon goldfish tank.

2003 M. E. Ostrow Goldfish (new ed.) 86/2 Some goldfish varieties have long dorsal fins that..interfere with swimming and rolling stability.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	goldfish
释义	goldfishn. Brit. /ˈɡəʊl(d)fɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈɡoʊl(d)ˌfɪʃ/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, goldfishes; Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: gold n.¹, fish n.¹ Etymology: < gold n.¹ + fish n.¹, with reference to the golden markings or golden-coloured appearance of the various fishes.Compare German Goldfisch (from 15th cent. denoting various gold-coloured fishes, e.g. the allis shad (late 15th cent.) and the ruffe (16th cent.); now chiefly in sense 1c). Specific senses. In quot. 1598² at sense 1a in sense ‘John Dory’, as an etymologizing gloss of dory n.² In sense 1b after French dorade, †dorate dorado n. In sense 1c perhaps (ultimately) after Chinese huángjīnyú (17th cent. or earlier; < huángjīn , lit. ‘yellow precious metal, yellow gold’ + yú fish; perhaps the form underlying the Dutch translated quot. 1669) or the shorter form jīnyú. Compare also French poisson d'or (1764). In sense 2 after French dorade (1746 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1750), itself after post-classical Latin dorado (for both, see dorado n.); compare earlier dorado n. 3. 1. †a. Any of various fishes of a yellowish colour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun] whalec950 tumbrelc1300 sprout1340 squame1393 codmop1466 whitefish1482 lineshark?a1500 salen1508 glaucus1509 bretcock1522 warcodling1525 razor1530 bassinatc1540 goldeney1542 smy1552 maiden1555 grail1587 whiting1587 needle1589 pintle-fish1591 goldfish1598 puffin fish1598 quap1598 stork1600 black-tail1601 ellops1601 fork-fish1601 sea-grape1601 sea-lizard1601 sea-raven1601 barne1602 plosher1602 whale-mouse1607 bowman1610 catfish1620 hog1620 kettle-fish1630 sharpa1636 carda1641 housewifea1641 roucotea1641 ox-fisha1642 sea-serpent1646 croaker1651 alderling1655 butkin1655 shamefish1655 yard1655 sea-dart1664 sea-pelican1664 Negro1666 sea-parrot1666 sea-blewling1668 sea-stickling1668 skull-fish1668 whale's guide1668 sennet1671 barracuda1678 skate-bread1681 tuck-fish1681 swallowtail1683 piaba1686 pit-fish1686 sand-creeper1686 horned hog1702 soldier1704 sea-crowa1717 bran1720 grunter1726 calcops1727 bennet1731 bonefish1734 Negro fish1735 isinglass-fish1740 orb1740 gollin1747 smelt1776 night-walker1777 water monarch1785 hardhead1792 macaw-fish1792 yellowback1796 sea-raven1797 blueback1812 stumpnose1831 flat1847 butterfish1849 croppie1856 gubbahawn1857 silt1863 silt-snapper1863 mullet-head1866 sailor1883 hogback1893 skipper1898 stocker1904 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Aspredo, a fish called a ruffe or a gold-fish. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Pesce san Pietro, a fish called a dorea, or gold fish. 1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 342 The Gold Fish is very beautiful, shap'd in the Body almost like the Silver Fish. 1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 192 Gold-Fishes are never seen near the Cape, but in the Months of May, June, July and August. 1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina 44 The gold-fish is about the size of the anchovy. †b. A dolphinfish or dorado of the genus Coryphaena, which has a metallic golden lustre. Obsolete.Translated from the French. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > member of family Coryphaenidae (dolphin) gilthead1538 dorado1604 dolphin1626 golden-poll1655 goldfish1670 pudding-wife1735 river porpoise1736 river dolphin1781 pudding fish?a1808 mahimahi1905 lampuki1925 1670 tr. N. Villaut Relation Coasts Guinee 271 Their Sea-fish are the Gold-fish [Fr. Dorades], Bonnittes, Jacos, as bigg as our Calves, Sea-pikes, fresh-Cod, Tunny-fish, and Thorneback. 1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 45 The Gold-Fish [Fr. La Dorate] and the Bonite continually make War with them in the Water. 1771 tr. A.-J. Pernety Hist. Voy. Malouine Islands 12 We saw great numbers of flying fishes. They were pursued by thunnies and gold fish. c. A small golden-red freshwater fish, Carrasius auratus (family Cyprinidae), native to China, and commonly kept in ponds, cold-water tanks, or (esp. formerly) glass globes.A long history of breeding (esp. in China and Japan) has resulted in many varieties of form and colour. Cf. lion-head n. at lion n. Compounds 2a, telescope goldfish n. at telescope n. Compounds 2, veiltail n., etc. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) > carassius auratus (gold-fish) goldfish1752 crucian1763 gold carp1765 crusoe1799 telescope-eye1848 telescope goldfish1880 shubunkin1917 lion-head1928 Oranda1928 1669 J. Ogilby tr. J. Nieuhof Embassy E.-India Company 270 In the Province of Chekiang, near the City Canghoa, lyes the Mountain Cienking, upon which is a Pool famous for the Gold or yellow Fish [Du. de gout-geele visschen] that is in it.] 1752 H. Walpole Let. 6 June in Corr. (1941) IX. 134 There are some mandarin-cats fishing for gold fish which will delight you. 1804 W. Bingley Animal Biogr. (ed. 2) III. 196 Gold Fish..are natives of China... They were first introduced into England about the year 1691. 1873 B. Stewart Conservation of Energy i. 8 A glass globe containing numerous goldfish. 1904 ‘Saki’ Reginald 115 I might have been a gold-fish in a glass bowl for all the privacy I got. 1955 Househ. Guide & Almanac (News of World) 131/1 The common goldfish is undoubtedly the most popular cold-water fish. 2003 Independent 29 Dec. i. 6/5 Binh has a goldfish in her room and a pin board covered with pictures of Cliff Richard. d. U.S. The Garibaldi damselfish, Hypsypops rubicundus, of the eastern Pacific Ocean, which is of a bright orange colour (= Garibaldi n. 2). Also more fully Garibaldi goldfish. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > family Pomacentridae > member of (damsel-fish) Beau-gregory1847 coral-fish1880 goldfish1882 demoiselle1884 Garibaldi1885 damsel-fish1905 white-ear1922 anemonefish1924 maomao1926 1882 Proc. U.S. National Mus. 1881 4 52 Hypsypops rubicundus (Grd.) Gill.—Garibaldi; Red Perch; Gold-fish. Abundant about the Santa Barbara Islands and southward. 1967 J. Dugan et al. World Beneath Sea iv. 75/1 Weaving through kelp and peeking out from holes in the rocks, garibaldi goldfish, perch, and rockfish kept a wary eye on me. 2009 Vanity Fair Mar. 316/1 You'd get down to the beach and you'd be able to see garibaldi, which were the goldfish in the Pacific Ocean. 2. Astronomy. With the and capital initial. (An English name of) the constellation Dorado. Chiefly as a conscious translation (cf. sense 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > Southern constellations > [noun] > Dorado xiphias1728 goldfish1750 dorado1813 1750 J. Robertson tr. N. L. de La Caille Elements Astron. i. i. 28 Navigators.., having discovered those stars which are never seen in Europe, have formed them into twelve new constellations, viz. the Peacock, Crane, Toucan, Phenix, Gold Fish, Flying Fish, [etc.]. 1899 R. H. Allen Star-names 201 (heading) Dorado, the Goldfish. 1964 D. H. Menzel Field Guide Stars & Planets 113 Dorado (the Goldfish). 2004 G. Schilling Evolving Cosmos 131 (caption) A double nebula (NGC 1850) in the Large Magellanic Cloud at a distance of 170 000 light-years in the constellation Dorado (The Goldfish). 3. U.S. colloquial (originally and chiefly Army slang). Tinned fish, esp. tinned salmon. Now archaic and historical. [The semantic motivation for this sense is unclear.] ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > tinned fish goldfish1900 1900 C. R. Mabey Utah Batteries 92 Mess time..was not an occasion of the greatest felicity to the returning volunteers.... They made comments,..not at all flattering to the bill of fare, about ‘gold fish’ and ‘slum–gullion’. a1918 J. R. Crowe Pat Crowe, Aviator (1919) iii. x. 74 The hated Bully Beef and canned Goldfish and Army Punk. 1944 A. Ind Bataan, Judgment Seat 238 They had real roast beef. No one asked where, or how come. We just ate fast, lest it should turn into ‘goldfish’. 1981 W. V. Benedict Hist. White Pine Blister Rust Control 27/2 Dinner that night was typical for those days [sc. in the Forest Service]... Canned salmon, dubbed ‘goldfish’, was the main entree. 2014 P. A. Bakker 104th Field Artillery Regiment N.Y. National Guard vii. 135 The men at the front largely lived on canned corned beef... Some units had canned roast beef, called ‘monkey meat’, or salmon, called ‘goldfish’. Compounds General attributive, as goldfish pond, goldfish tank, etc. ΚΠ 1755 H. Walpole Let. 17 July in Corr. (1973) XXXV. 238 After dinner we dragged a gold-fish pond for my Lady F— and Lord S. 1820 Morning Post 5 May (advt.) Clarke's seed and gold fish warehouse. 1848 Reynolds's Misc. 12 Feb. 222/2 She..filled her gold-fish globes with leeches, the gyrations and tortuous evolutions of which she watched by the hour. 1871 H. T. Williams Window Gardening (1876) 275 The flower basket, with goldfish basin, is very cheerful to look at when standing in a bay window. 1908 H. E. Haskell O-Heart-San iv. 26 The goldfish pond, where the fat, red fish came to the surface of the water begging silently for lard cakes. 1952 G. F. Hervey & J. Hems Freshwater Trop. Aquarium Fishes i. 4 As early as 1889 a goldfish farm had been established in Maryland, and long before the end of the century..books on goldfish-culture were enjoying good sales. 1994 Face Aug. 25 A five-gallon goldfish tank. 2003 M. E. Ostrow Goldfish (new ed.) 86/2 Some goldfish varieties have long dorsal fins that..interfere with swimming and rolling stability. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1598
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