gourdn.¹

Brit.

/ɡʊəd/,

/ɡɔːd/, U.S.

/ɡɔrd/

Forms: Middle English–1500s goord(e, gourde, gowrd(e, (Middle English gurd, 1500s goward(e, gord, 1700s goard), Middle English– gourd.

Etymology: < French gourde, representing Latin cucurbita.

a. The large fleshy fruit of the trailing or climbing plants of the family Cucurbitaceæ; spec. the fruit of Lagenaria vulgaris, which when dried and hollowed out is used as a vessel (see sense 4).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > gourd > [noun]

gourd1303

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > gourd

gourd1303

calabash1658

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 2105 He behelde a fruyt ryȝt feire and swete ‘Gourdys’ þus men clepe þe name.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Num. xi. 5 Into mynde come to vs the goordis [L. cucumeres], and the peponys, and the leeke, and the vniowns.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 203/2 Goord, cucumer, cucurbita.

1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) ii. xiv. 24 Gourdes rawe be vnpleasant in eatinge.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. iii. f. 11 Melones, Gourdes, Cucumers, and suche other, [waxe rype] within the space of .xxxvi. dayes.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 62 in Sylva Melons, Cucumbers, Gourds.

1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 446 The prickly and green-coated gourd, So grateful to the palate.

1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 98 Candied apple, quince, and plum, and gourd.

1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire V. l. 601 Numbers of unwieldy and bloated gourds..sun their speckled bellies before the doors.

†b. wild gourd: = colocynth n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > bitter-apple plant or berry

wild vinea1382

coloquintidaa1398

coloquintc1420

wild gourd1540

colocynth1565

coloquinto1683

coloquintid1732

bitter gourd1755

bitter cucumber1811

karela1839

bitter-apple1865

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > gourd > [noun] > colocynth

coloquintidaa1398

coloquintc1420

wild gourd1540

colocynth1565

coloquinto1683

coloquintid1732

1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xxviii Take wyld goward [L. colocynten] & seth it in water.

1560 Bible (Geneva) 2 Kings iv. 39 One..founde, as it were, a wilde vine, and gathered thereof wilde gourdes his garment ful [margin. Which the Apoticaries call colloquintida].

a. The plant which bears the fruit; a plant of the family Cucurbitaceæ; spec. Lagenaria vulgaris, the bottle-gourd. bitter gourd: = colocynth n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible gourds > gourd plant

gourdc1400

cucurbit1866

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 60 Þe leeues of a gourde, & þe rote of fenegrek.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. iv. 456 The gourde is good this citur nygh to sowe.

1560 Bible (Geneva) Jonah iv. 6 And the Lord God prepared a gourde, and made it to come vp ouer Ionah. [Earlier versions have ivy, wild vine, etc.]

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 321 Forth crept The smelling Gourd .

1740 J. Dyer Ruins of Rome 20 The Gourd and Olive brown Weave the light Roof.

1844 T. Hood Haunted House i, in Hood's Mag. Jan. 4 The gourd embraced the rose bush in its ramble.

1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 175 The fruit of the Gourd sometimes attains an enormous size.

1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 356 Bottle or Club Gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris).

b. Used allusively, after Jonah 4: 6–10.

ΚΠ

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar xv. §19 We should have been but as an Ephemeron, man should have lived the life of a fly or a Gourd.

1658 Addr. in Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (1704) III. xv. 492 All those pleasant Gourds, under which We were..solacing..our selves..how are they wither'd in a Night?

3. Applied to plants of other orders, with fruit resembling that of the Cucurbitaceæ (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

gourd1851

1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters I. xxii. 295 A small convolvulus—known as the ‘prairie gourd’—is lying at his feet.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Adansonia digitata, the Baobab, Ethiopian Sour Gourd, or Monkey-bread.

1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 337 White Gourd of India (Benincasa cerifera, Savi.). Herbaceous plant.

a. The ‘shell’ or whole rind of the fruit dried and excavated, used as a water-bottle, float, rattle, etc. Cf. calabash n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > gourd

gourd1596

calabash1657

gourd-shell1784

snuff-gourd1901

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > [noun] > rattle

sistruma1398

sistre1538

siester1595

gourd1596

maraca1598

salt-box1763

horse-fiddle1807

anklung1817

shack-shack1848

chac-chac1870

shaker1943

lagerphone1956

vibraslap1970

the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > movement in or on water > [noun] > moving freely on surface > that which or one who

gourd1538

natation1542

floater1717

gourd1774

floatable1864

1596 W. Raleigh Discoverie Guiana (new ed.) 16 He..called for his Calabaza or gords of the gold beades.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia ii. 34 Their chiefe instruments are Rattles made of small gourds, or Pumpeons shels.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 139 Whenever the fowler sees a number of ducks settled in any particular plash of water, he sends off two or three gourds to float among them. These gourds resemble our pompions.

1808 M. L. Weems Life G. Washington (ed. 6) viii. 57 The servants supplied him with water, which he threw on the fire from an American gourd.

1870 W. M. Baker New Timothy 183 Dozens of gourds hang also suspended from the tops of long and leaning poles, each gourd the home of a family of martins.

1873 ‘Ouida’ Pascarèl I. 6 An empty gourd in which the shrivelled beans of the world's spent pleasures are shaken.

b. = gourdful n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > amount that fills a receptacle > gourd

gourd1768

gourdful1859

1768 J. Boswell Acct. Corsica (ed. 2) 288 They put me up a gourd of their best wine.

1893 T. N. Page Marse Chan etc. 146 She poured a gourd of water over it.

†5. transferred.

a. A bottle or cup (of any material).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > flask, flagon, or bottle > [noun] > bottle or cup

gourda1340

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxviii[i]. 83 For i am made as gourde [L. sicut uter] in ryme froste.

c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Prol. 82 I haue heer in a gourde A draght of wyn.

a1400–50 Alexander 3701 Gurds & Goblets of gold althire-finest.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xii. 125 It is an old byworde, ‘It is a good bowrde For to drynk of a gowrde’.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Siii/1 A Gourd, cup, calix.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 62 With chuffe chaffe wynesops lyke a gourd bourrachoe replennisht.

†b. = cucurbit n.¹ 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > general vessels > retorts or stills

limbeckc1350

cucurbitc1386

alembicc1405

serpentaryc1450

pelican1527

retort1527

gourd1582

cucurbittel1605

horse-belly1660

long neck1660

philosophical egg1660

infuser1688

chapel1694

rencounter1694

1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes iii. i. 3 Take the water..and put it into a Goorde of glasse beeyng well luted.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. lxi. 565 The containing vessell [in distilling]..some call it the body or corpulent vessell, or the gourd.

1651 J. French Art Distillation i. 19 Distill this liquor in a glasse gourd.

1683 W. Salmon Doron Medicum ii. 511 Put this Liquor into a ‘Gourd’ of Iron.

6. Heraldry. A representation of the fruit.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of vegetation > [noun] > other vegetation

pease ricea1325

garbc1460

gourd1513

sengreenc1550

orme1688

sag-spear1688

sedge1688

grain-tree1780

pea-rice1780

scrog1780

1513 in Retrospect. Rev. (1828) II. 520 Sir William Gresley bayryth assur a Lyon sylver passant, and gourds gold.

1828–40 W. Berry Encycl. Her. II. Stenkle, az. three gourds or, stalks upwards.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

gourd-kind n.

ΚΠ

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 456 They [sc. worms] are described as..sometimes distinctly cucurbitinous, of the fasciola, fluke, or gourd-kind.

gourd-seed n.

ΚΠ

1751 J. Hill Hist. Materia Medica ii. vi. xvii. 531 The Plant which produces the officinal Gourd Seed.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 299 The broken-off joints [of the tape worm] have, when discharged, the appearance of gourd-seeds.

1827 Western Monthly Rev. 1 313 Gourd-seed maize as high as the waist.

gourd-shape n.

ΚΠ

1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind ix. 270 The frequent adoption of gourd-shapes in the earthenware of distant parts of the world.

† gourd-lord n. Obsolete (Cf. sense 2b.)

ΚΠ

1660 J. Gauden Serm. Funeral Brounrig 72 We have lived to see many short-lived Gourd-Lords, created in a chaos of times.

gourd-shaped adj.

ΚΠ

1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 208 They..began tuning big, gourd-shaped guitars and pot-bellied mandolines.

C2.

† gourd-fashioned adj. Obsolete (see quot. and gourd-worm).

ΚΠ

1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 1110 It breeds round Worms, and Gourd-fushioned [sic: L. cucurbitinos], and Ascarides, and all sorts of Worms.

gourd fiddle n. U.S. a rude fiddle made from a gourd.

ΚΠ

1858 D. K. Bennett Chronol. N. Carolina 102 ‘Gourd fiddles’ were then in vogue, ‘puncheon floors’, and ‘corn-stalk bows’!

gourd maize n.

gourd-melon n. the tallow or wax gourd ( Benincasa).

ΚΠ

1884 tr. A. P. de Candolle Origin of Cultivated Plants 268 White Gourd-melon, or Benincasa—Benincasa hispida.

gourd-pear n. a pear shaped like a gourd (Latin pirum cucurbitinum).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > pear > [noun] > other types of pear

calewey1377

choke-pear1530

muscadel1555

lording1573

bon-chrétienc1575

Burgundian pear1578

king pear1585

amiot1600

bergamot1600

butter pear1600

dew-pear1600

greening1600

bottle pear1601

gourd-pear1601

critling1611

pearc1612

nutmeg1629

rosewater pear1629

amber pear1638

Christian1651

chesil1664

diego1664

frith-pear1664

primate1664

saffron pear1664

Windsor pear1664

nonsuch1674

muscat1675

burnt-cat1676

ambrette1686

sanguinole1693

satin1693

St. Germain pear1693

amadot1706

burree1719

Doyenne1731

beurré1736

colmar1736

chaumontel1755

Marie Louise1817

seckel1817

vergaloo1828

Passe Colmar1837

glou-morceau1859

London sugar1860

Kieffer pear1880

sand pear1880

sandy pear1884

nashi1892

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of

calewey1377

honey peara1400

pome-pear1440

pome-wardena1513

choke-pear1530

muscadel1555

worry pear1562

lording1573

bon-chrétienc1575

Burgundian pear1578

king pear1585

pound pear1585

poppering1597

wood of Jerusalem1597

muscadine1598

amiot1600

bergamot1600

butter pear1600

dew-pear1600

greening1600

mollart1600

roset1600

wax pear1600

bottle pear1601

gourd-pear1601

Venerian pear1601

musk pear1611

rose pear1611

pusill1615

Christian1629

nutmeg1629

rolling pear1629

surreine1629

sweater1629

amber pear1638

Venus-pear1648

horse-pear1657

Martin1658

russet1658

rousselet1660

diego1664

frith-pear1664

maudlin1664

Messire Jean1664

primate1664

sovereign1664

spindle-pear1664

stopple-pear1664

sugar-pear1664

virgin1664

Windsor pear1664

violet-pear1666

nonsuch1674

muscat1675

burnt-cat1676

squash pear1676

rose1678

Longueville1681

maiden-heart1685

ambrette1686

vermilion1691

admiral1693

sanguinole1693

satin1693

St. Germain pear1693

pounder pear1697

vine-pear1704

amadot1706

marchioness1706

marquise1706

Margaret1707

short-neck1707

musk1708

burree1719

marquis1728

union pear1728

Doyenne pear1731

Magdalene1731

beurré1736

colmar1736

Monsieur Jean1736

muscadella1736

swan's egg1736

chaumontel1755

St Michael's pear1796

Williams1807

Marie Louise1817

seckel1817

Bartlett1828

vergaloo1828

Passe Colmar1837

glou-morceau1859

London sugar1860

snow-pear1860

Comice1866

Kieffer pear1880

sand pear1880

sandy pear1884

snowy pear1884

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 439 As for the Gourd-pears, they are by nature of a brutish or sauage kind.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Poire de Serteau, the Allablaster Peare..or Gourd Peare.

gourd-seed corn n. U.S. a variety of Indian corn.

ΚΠ

1780 W. Dunbar Diary 27 May in E.O. Rowland Life W. Dunbar (1930) 73 Planted white Corn & goard Seed Corn.

1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants ii. 38 The species of corn called the gourd seed.

1835 Knickerbocker 6 173 The rich scenery of forty acres of most luxuriant gourd-seed corn.

1872 E. Eggleston End of World viii. 60 The relative merits of ‘gourd-seed’ and ‘flint corn’.

gourd-shell n. = sense 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > gourd

gourd1596

calabash1657

gourd-shell1784

snuff-gourd1901

1784 J. Douglas Cook's Voy. Pacific II. iii. xii. 234 Gourd-shells, which they convert into vessels that serve as bottles to hold water [etc.].

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 520 The balsam..comes to Europe in small gourd shells.

gourd tree n. the calabash-tree (see calabash n.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants, nuts, seeds, or fruits used as beads or vessels > [noun] > calabash plant

calabash1596

calabash-tree1737

calabash gourd1824

hue1843

gourd tree1854

jicara1859

1854 R. Glisan Jrnl. Army Life (1874) xii. 161 The palm, mango, bread-tree, gourd-tree, [etc.].

1876 Daily News 22 Sept. 6/1 The roofs of the cottages, in which grow the gourd tree.

gourd-vine n. U.S. = sense 2.

ΚΠ

1892 Harper's Mag. May 936/2 The rank, malodorous gourd-vine that straggled over the remains of last year's bean poles.

gourd-worm n. a name for the fluke (see fluke n.¹ 2), and for the segments of the tapeworm, from the resemblance to the seeds of the gourd (cf. cucurbitin n.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Platyhelminthes > [noun] > class Trematodes > member of

fluke1668

plaicea1722

gourd-worm1756

weevil1789

trematode1859

bloodworm1872

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Platyhelminthes > [noun] > class Cestodes > member of > segmented > segments of

gourd-worm1756

proglottis1855

cucurbitin1861

proglottid1878

1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. iii. 382 The Gourd-Worm with a dark-brown head.

1794–6 E. Darwin Zoonomia (1801) II. 216 The separate joints are called gourd-worms.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 309 In two patients..there was room for suspecting, that the gourd-worm had induced epileptic fits.

1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 554 It bears some resemblance to the seed of the common gourd, and, hence, is often called the gourd-worm.

Derivatives

gourd-like adj. and adv.

ΚΠ

1911 E. M. Clowes On Wallaby ii. 30 The odd impression that all the lodging-houses had sprung up, gourd~like, to their present proportions the very night after the lease had been signed.

1927 H. Peake & H. J. Fleure Priests & Kings 149 The gourd-like form of the earliest Moravian wares seems to indicate an eastern origin.

1952 A. G. L. Hellyer Sanders' Encycl. Gardening (ed. 22) 288 Luffa,..stove climbing annual, bearing curious gourd-like fruits.

Draft additions 1993

U.S. slang. The head or mind; now frequently in out of (one's) gourd.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun] > as seat of mind

noddle1579

pate1598

the (also one's) upper storey (also storeys)1699

gourda1844

the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with

woodc725

woodsekc890

giddyc1000

out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000

witlessc1000

brainsickOE

amadc1225

lunaticc1290

madc1330

sickc1340

brain-wooda1375

out of one's minda1387

frenetica1398

fonda1400

formada1400

unwisea1400

brainc1400

unwholec1400

alienate?a1425

brainless1434

distract of one's wits1470

madfula1475

furious1475

distract1481

fro oneself1483

beside oneself1490

beside one's patience1490

dementa1500

red-wood?1507

extraught1509

misminded1509

peevish1523

bedlam-ripe1525

straughta1529

fanatic1533

bedlama1535

daft1540

unsounda1547

stark raving (also staring) mad1548

distraughted1572

insane1575

acrazeda1577

past oneself1576

frenzy1577

poll-mad1577

out of one's senses1580

maddeda1586

frenetical1588

distempered1593

distraught1597

crazed1599

diswitted1599

idle-headed1599

lymphatical1603

extract1608

madling1608

distracteda1616

informala1616

far gone1616

crazy1617

March mada1625

non compos mentis1628

brain-crazed1632

demented1632

crack-brained1634

arreptitiousa1641

dementate1640

dementated1650

brain-crackeda1652

insaniated1652

exsensed1654

bedlam-witteda1657

lymphatic1656

mad-like1679

dementative1685

non compos1699

beside one's gravity1716

hyte1720

lymphated1727

out of one's head1733

maddened1735

swivel-eyed1758

wrong1765

brainsickly1770

fatuous1773

derangedc1790

alienated1793

shake-brained1793

crack-headed1796

flighty1802

wowf1802

doitrified1808

phrenesiac1814

bedlamite1815

mad-braineda1822

fey1823

bedlamitish1824

skire1825

beside one's wits1827

as mad as a hatter1829

crazied1842

off one's head1842

bemadded1850

loco1852

off one's nut1858

off his chump1864

unsane1867

meshuga1868

non-sane1868

loony1872

bee-headed1879

off one's onion1881

off one's base1882

(to go) off one's dot1883

locoed1885

screwy1887

off one's rocker1890

balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891

meshuggener1892

nutty1892

buggy1893

bughouse1894

off one's pannikin1894

ratty1895

off one's trolley1896

batchy1898

twisted1900

batsc1901

batty1903

dippy1903

bugs1904

dingy1904

up the (also a) pole1904

nut1906

nuts1908

nutty as a fruitcake1911

bugged1920

potty1920

cuckoo1923

nutsy1923

puggled1923

blah1924

détraqué1925

doolally1925

off one's rocket1925

puggle1925

mental1927

phooey1927

crackers1928

squirrelly1928

over the edge1929

round the bend1929

lakes1934

ding-a-ling1935

wacky1935

screwball1936

dingbats1937

Asiatic1938

parlatic1941

troppo1941

up the creek1941

screwed-up1943

bonkers1945

psychological1952

out to lunch1955

starkers1956

off (one's) squiff1960

round the twist1960

yampy1963

out of (also off) one's bird1966

out of one's skull1967

whacked out1969

batshit1971

woo-woo1971

nutso1973

out of (one's) gourd1977

wacko1977

off one's meds1986

a1844 in Filson Club Hist. Q. (1935) 9 226 Tell him not to show his damned old gourd.

1891 ‘M. Twain’ tr. Hoffmann's Slovenly Peter (1935) 22 He..never got it through his gourd That he was walking overboard.

1974 E. Brawley Rap 381 I can operate six scams at one time right in my gourd.

1977 C. McFadden Serial xxxiii. 73/2 She was still stoned out of her gourd.

1985 New Yorker 22 Apr. 66/3 Anybody who lends a billion dollars to Mexico is out of his ever-lovin' gourd.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gourd
释义	gourdn.¹ Brit. /ɡʊəd/, /ɡɔːd/, U.S. /ɡɔrd/ Forms: Middle English–1500s goord(e, gourde, gowrd(e, (Middle English gurd, 1500s goward(e, gord, 1700s goard), Middle English– gourd. Etymology: < French gourde, representing Latin cucurbita. 1. a. The large fleshy fruit of the trailing or climbing plants of the family Cucurbitaceæ; spec. the fruit of Lagenaria vulgaris, which when dried and hollowed out is used as a vessel (see sense 4). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > gourd > [noun] gourd1303 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > gourd gourd1303 calabash1658 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 2105 He behelde a fruyt ryȝt feire and swete ‘Gourdys’ þus men clepe þe name. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Num. xi. 5 Into mynde come to vs the goordis [L. cucumeres], and the peponys, and the leeke, and the vniowns. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 203/2 Goord, cucumer, cucurbita. 1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) ii. xiv. 24 Gourdes rawe be vnpleasant in eatinge. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. iii. f. 11 Melones, Gourdes, Cucumers, and suche other, [waxe rype] within the space of .xxxvi. dayes. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 62 in Sylva Melons, Cucumbers, Gourds. 1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 446 The prickly and green-coated gourd, So grateful to the palate. 1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 98 Candied apple, quince, and plum, and gourd. 1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire V. l. 601 Numbers of unwieldy and bloated gourds..sun their speckled bellies before the doors. †b. wild gourd: = colocynth n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > bitter-apple plant or berry wild vinea1382 coloquintidaa1398 coloquintc1420 wild gourd1540 colocynth1565 coloquinto1683 coloquintid1732 bitter gourd1755 bitter cucumber1811 karela1839 bitter-apple1865 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > gourd > [noun] > colocynth coloquintidaa1398 coloquintc1420 wild gourd1540 colocynth1565 coloquinto1683 coloquintid1732 1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xxviii Take wyld goward [L. colocynten] & seth it in water. 1560 Bible (Geneva) 2 Kings iv. 39 One..founde, as it were, a wilde vine, and gathered thereof wilde gourdes his garment ful [margin. Which the Apoticaries call colloquintida]. 2. a. The plant which bears the fruit; a plant of the family Cucurbitaceæ; spec. Lagenaria vulgaris, the bottle-gourd. bitter gourd: = colocynth n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible gourds > gourd plant gourdc1400 cucurbit1866 c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 60 Þe leeues of a gourde, & þe rote of fenegrek. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. iv. 456 The gourde is good this citur nygh to sowe. 1560 Bible (Geneva) Jonah iv. 6 And the Lord God prepared a gourde, and made it to come vp ouer Ionah. [Earlier versions have ivy, wild vine, etc.] 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 321 Forth crept The smelling Gourd . View more context for this quotation 1740 J. Dyer Ruins of Rome 20 The Gourd and Olive brown Weave the light Roof. 1844 T. Hood Haunted House i, in Hood's Mag. Jan. 4 The gourd embraced the rose bush in its ramble. 1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 175 The fruit of the Gourd sometimes attains an enormous size. 1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 356 Bottle or Club Gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris). b. Used allusively, after Jonah 4: 6–10. ΚΠ 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar xv. §19 We should have been but as an Ephemeron, man should have lived the life of a fly or a Gourd. 1658 Addr. in Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (1704) III. xv. 492 All those pleasant Gourds, under which We were..solacing..our selves..how are they wither'd in a Night? 3. Applied to plants of other orders, with fruit resembling that of the Cucurbitaceæ (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible gourds > gourd plant > similar plant gourd1851 1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters I. xxii. 295 A small convolvulus—known as the ‘prairie gourd’—is lying at his feet. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Adansonia digitata, the Baobab, Ethiopian Sour Gourd, or Monkey-bread. 1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 337 White Gourd of India (Benincasa cerifera, Savi.). Herbaceous plant. 4. a. The ‘shell’ or whole rind of the fruit dried and excavated, used as a water-bottle, float, rattle, etc. Cf. calabash n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > gourd gourd1596 calabash1657 gourd-shell1784 snuff-gourd1901 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > [noun] > rattle sistruma1398 sistre1538 siester1595 gourd1596 maraca1598 salt-box1763 horse-fiddle1807 anklung1817 shack-shack1848 chac-chac1870 shaker1943 lagerphone1956 vibraslap1970 the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > movement in or on water > [noun] > moving freely on surface > that which or one who gourd1538 natation1542 floater1717 gourd1774 floatable1864 1596 W. Raleigh Discoverie Guiana (new ed.) 16 He..called for his Calabaza or gords of the gold beades. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia ii. 34 Their chiefe instruments are Rattles made of small gourds, or Pumpeons shels. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 139 Whenever the fowler sees a number of ducks settled in any particular plash of water, he sends off two or three gourds to float among them. These gourds resemble our pompions. 1808 M. L. Weems Life G. Washington (ed. 6) viii. 57 The servants supplied him with water, which he threw on the fire from an American gourd. 1870 W. M. Baker New Timothy 183 Dozens of gourds hang also suspended from the tops of long and leaning poles, each gourd the home of a family of martins. 1873 ‘Ouida’ Pascarèl I. 6 An empty gourd in which the shrivelled beans of the world's spent pleasures are shaken. b. = gourdful n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > amount that fills a receptacle > gourd gourd1768 gourdful1859 1768 J. Boswell Acct. Corsica (ed. 2) 288 They put me up a gourd of their best wine. 1893 T. N. Page Marse Chan etc. 146 She poured a gourd of water over it. †5. transferred. a. A bottle or cup (of any material). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > flask, flagon, or bottle > [noun] > bottle or cup gourda1340 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxviii[i]. 83 For i am made as gourde [L. sicut uter] in ryme froste. c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Prol. 82 I haue heer in a gourde A draght of wyn. a1400–50 Alexander 3701 Gurds & Goblets of gold althire-finest. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xii. 125 It is an old byworde, ‘It is a good bowrde For to drynk of a gowrde’. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Siii/1 A Gourd, cup, calix. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 62 With chuffe chaffe wynesops lyke a gourd bourrachoe replennisht. †b. = cucurbit n.¹ 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > general vessels > retorts or stills limbeckc1350 cucurbitc1386 alembicc1405 serpentaryc1450 pelican1527 retort1527 gourd1582 cucurbittel1605 horse-belly1660 long neck1660 philosophical egg1660 infuser1688 chapel1694 rencounter1694 1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes iii. i. 3 Take the water..and put it into a Goorde of glasse beeyng well luted. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. lxi. 565 The containing vessell [in distilling]..some call it the body or corpulent vessell, or the gourd. 1651 J. French Art Distillation i. 19 Distill this liquor in a glasse gourd. 1683 W. Salmon Doron Medicum ii. 511 Put this Liquor into a ‘Gourd’ of Iron. 6. Heraldry. A representation of the fruit. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of vegetation > [noun] > other vegetation pease ricea1325 garbc1460 gourd1513 sengreenc1550 orme1688 sag-spear1688 sedge1688 grain-tree1780 pea-rice1780 scrog1780 1513 in Retrospect. Rev. (1828) II. 520 Sir William Gresley bayryth assur a Lyon sylver passant, and gourds gold. 1828–40 W. Berry Encycl. Her. II. Stenkle, az. three gourds or, stalks upwards. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. gourd-kind n. ΚΠ 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 456 They [sc. worms] are described as..sometimes distinctly cucurbitinous, of the fasciola, fluke, or gourd-kind. gourd-seed n. ΚΠ 1751 J. Hill Hist. Materia Medica ii. vi. xvii. 531 The Plant which produces the officinal Gourd Seed. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 299 The broken-off joints [of the tape worm] have, when discharged, the appearance of gourd-seeds. 1827 Western Monthly Rev. 1 313 Gourd-seed maize as high as the waist. gourd-shape n. ΚΠ 1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind ix. 270 The frequent adoption of gourd-shapes in the earthenware of distant parts of the world. b. † gourd-lord n. Obsolete (Cf. sense 2b.) ΚΠ 1660 J. Gauden Serm. Funeral Brounrig 72 We have lived to see many short-lived Gourd-Lords, created in a chaos of times. c. gourd-shaped adj. ΚΠ 1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 208 They..began tuning big, gourd-shaped guitars and pot-bellied mandolines. C2. † gourd-fashioned adj. Obsolete (see quot. and gourd-worm). ΚΠ 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 1110 It breeds round Worms, and Gourd-fushioned [sic: L. cucurbitinos], and Ascarides, and all sorts of Worms. gourd fiddle n. U.S. a rude fiddle made from a gourd. ΚΠ 1858 D. K. Bennett Chronol. N. Carolina 102 ‘Gourd fiddles’ were then in vogue, ‘puncheon floors’, and ‘corn-stalk bows’! gourd maize n. gourd-melon n. the tallow or wax gourd ( Benincasa). ΚΠ 1884 tr. A. P. de Candolle Origin of Cultivated Plants 268 White Gourd-melon, or Benincasa—Benincasa hispida. gourd-pear n. a pear shaped like a gourd (Latin pirum cucurbitinum). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > pear > [noun] > other types of pear calewey1377 choke-pear1530 muscadel1555 lording1573 bon-chrétienc1575 Burgundian pear1578 king pear1585 amiot1600 bergamot1600 butter pear1600 dew-pear1600 greening1600 bottle pear1601 gourd-pear1601 critling1611 pearc1612 nutmeg1629 rosewater pear1629 amber pear1638 Christian1651 chesil1664 diego1664 frith-pear1664 primate1664 saffron pear1664 Windsor pear1664 nonsuch1674 muscat1675 burnt-cat1676 ambrette1686 sanguinole1693 satin1693 St. Germain pear1693 amadot1706 burree1719 Doyenne1731 beurré1736 colmar1736 chaumontel1755 Marie Louise1817 seckel1817 vergaloo1828 Passe Colmar1837 glou-morceau1859 London sugar1860 Kieffer pear1880 sand pear1880 sandy pear1884 nashi1892 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of calewey1377 honey peara1400 pome-pear1440 pome-wardena1513 choke-pear1530 muscadel1555 worry pear1562 lording1573 bon-chrétienc1575 Burgundian pear1578 king pear1585 pound pear1585 poppering1597 wood of Jerusalem1597 muscadine1598 amiot1600 bergamot1600 butter pear1600 dew-pear1600 greening1600 mollart1600 roset1600 wax pear1600 bottle pear1601 gourd-pear1601 Venerian pear1601 musk pear1611 rose pear1611 pusill1615 Christian1629 nutmeg1629 rolling pear1629 surreine1629 sweater1629 amber pear1638 Venus-pear1648 horse-pear1657 Martin1658 russet1658 rousselet1660 diego1664 frith-pear1664 maudlin1664 Messire Jean1664 primate1664 sovereign1664 spindle-pear1664 stopple-pear1664 sugar-pear1664 virgin1664 Windsor pear1664 violet-pear1666 nonsuch1674 muscat1675 burnt-cat1676 squash pear1676 rose1678 Longueville1681 maiden-heart1685 ambrette1686 vermilion1691 admiral1693 sanguinole1693 satin1693 St. Germain pear1693 pounder pear1697 vine-pear1704 amadot1706 marchioness1706 marquise1706 Margaret1707 short-neck1707 musk1708 burree1719 marquis1728 union pear1728 Doyenne pear1731 Magdalene1731 beurré1736 colmar1736 Monsieur Jean1736 muscadella1736 swan's egg1736 chaumontel1755 St Michael's pear1796 Williams1807 Marie Louise1817 seckel1817 Bartlett1828 vergaloo1828 Passe Colmar1837 glou-morceau1859 London sugar1860 snow-pear1860 Comice1866 Kieffer pear1880 sand pear1880 sandy pear1884 snowy pear1884 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 439 As for the Gourd-pears, they are by nature of a brutish or sauage kind. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Poire de Serteau, the Allablaster Peare..or Gourd Peare. gourd-seed corn n. U.S. a variety of Indian corn. ΚΠ 1780 W. Dunbar Diary 27 May in E.O. Rowland Life W. Dunbar (1930) 73 Planted white Corn & goard Seed Corn. 1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants ii. 38 The species of corn called the gourd seed. 1835 Knickerbocker 6 173 The rich scenery of forty acres of most luxuriant gourd-seed corn. 1872 E. Eggleston End of World viii. 60 The relative merits of ‘gourd-seed’ and ‘flint corn’. gourd-shell n. = sense 4. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > gourd gourd1596 calabash1657 gourd-shell1784 snuff-gourd1901 1784 J. Douglas Cook's Voy. Pacific II. iii. xii. 234 Gourd-shells, which they convert into vessels that serve as bottles to hold water [etc.]. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 520 The balsam..comes to Europe in small gourd shells. gourd tree n. the calabash-tree (see calabash n.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants, nuts, seeds, or fruits used as beads or vessels > [noun] > calabash plant calabash1596 calabash-tree1737 calabash gourd1824 hue1843 gourd tree1854 jicara1859 1854 R. Glisan Jrnl. Army Life (1874) xii. 161 The palm, mango, bread-tree, gourd-tree, [etc.]. 1876 Daily News 22 Sept. 6/1 The roofs of the cottages, in which grow the gourd tree. gourd-vine n. U.S. = sense 2. ΚΠ 1892 Harper's Mag. May 936/2 The rank, malodorous gourd-vine that straggled over the remains of last year's bean poles. gourd-worm n. a name for the fluke (see fluke n.¹ 2), and for the segments of the tapeworm, from the resemblance to the seeds of the gourd (cf. cucurbitin n.). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Platyhelminthes > [noun] > class Trematodes > member of fluke1668 plaicea1722 gourd-worm1756 weevil1789 trematode1859 bloodworm1872 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Platyhelminthes > [noun] > class Cestodes > member of > segmented > segments of gourd-worm1756 proglottis1855 cucurbitin1861 proglottid1878 1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. iii. 382 The Gourd-Worm with a dark-brown head. 1794–6 E. Darwin Zoonomia (1801) II. 216 The separate joints are called gourd-worms. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 309 In two patients..there was room for suspecting, that the gourd-worm had induced epileptic fits. 1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 554 It bears some resemblance to the seed of the common gourd, and, hence, is often called the gourd-worm. Derivatives gourd-like adj. and adv. ΚΠ 1911 E. M. Clowes On Wallaby ii. 30 The odd impression that all the lodging-houses had sprung up, gourd~like, to their present proportions the very night after the lease had been signed. 1927 H. Peake & H. J. Fleure Priests & Kings 149 The gourd-like form of the earliest Moravian wares seems to indicate an eastern origin. 1952 A. G. L. Hellyer Sanders' Encycl. Gardening (ed. 22) 288 Luffa,..stove climbing annual, bearing curious gourd-like fruits. Draft additions 1993 U.S. slang. The head or mind; now frequently in out of (one's) gourd. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun] > as seat of mind noddle1579 pate1598 the (also one's) upper storey (also storeys)1699 gourda1844 the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with woodc725 woodsekc890 giddyc1000 out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000 witlessc1000 brainsickOE amadc1225 lunaticc1290 madc1330 sickc1340 brain-wooda1375 out of one's minda1387 frenetica1398 fonda1400 formada1400 unwisea1400 brainc1400 unwholec1400 alienate?a1425 brainless1434 distract of one's wits1470 madfula1475 furious1475 distract1481 fro oneself1483 beside oneself1490 beside one's patience1490 dementa1500 red-wood?1507 extraught1509 misminded1509 peevish1523 bedlam-ripe1525 straughta1529 fanatic1533 bedlama1535 daft1540 unsounda1547 stark raving (also staring) mad1548 distraughted1572 insane1575 acrazeda1577 past oneself1576 frenzy1577 poll-mad1577 out of one's senses1580 maddeda1586 frenetical1588 distempered1593 distraught1597 crazed1599 diswitted1599 idle-headed1599 lymphatical1603 extract1608 madling1608 distracteda1616 informala1616 far gone1616 crazy1617 March mada1625 non compos mentis1628 brain-crazed1632 demented1632 crack-brained1634 arreptitiousa1641 dementate1640 dementated1650 brain-crackeda1652 insaniated1652 exsensed1654 bedlam-witteda1657 lymphatic1656 mad-like1679 dementative1685 non compos1699 beside one's gravity1716 hyte1720 lymphated1727 out of one's head1733 maddened1735 swivel-eyed1758 wrong1765 brainsickly1770 fatuous1773 derangedc1790 alienated1793 shake-brained1793 crack-headed1796 flighty1802 wowf1802 doitrified1808 phrenesiac1814 bedlamite1815 mad-braineda1822 fey1823 bedlamitish1824 skire1825 beside one's wits1827 as mad as a hatter1829 crazied1842 off one's head1842 bemadded1850 loco1852 off one's nut1858 off his chump1864 unsane1867 meshuga1868 non-sane1868 loony1872 bee-headed1879 off one's onion1881 off one's base1882 (to go) off one's dot1883 locoed1885 screwy1887 off one's rocker1890 balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891 meshuggener1892 nutty1892 buggy1893 bughouse1894 off one's pannikin1894 ratty1895 off one's trolley1896 batchy1898 twisted1900 batsc1901 batty1903 dippy1903 bugs1904 dingy1904 up the (also a) pole1904 nut1906 nuts1908 nutty as a fruitcake1911 bugged1920 potty1920 cuckoo1923 nutsy1923 puggled1923 blah1924 détraqué1925 doolally1925 off one's rocket1925 puggle1925 mental1927 phooey1927 crackers1928 squirrelly1928 over the edge1929 round the bend1929 lakes1934 ding-a-ling1935 wacky1935 screwball1936 dingbats1937 Asiatic1938 parlatic1941 troppo1941 up the creek1941 screwed-up1943 bonkers1945 psychological1952 out to lunch1955 starkers1956 off (one's) squiff1960 round the twist1960 yampy1963 out of (also off) one's bird1966 out of one's skull1967 whacked out1969 batshit1971 woo-woo1971 nutso1973 out of (one's) gourd1977 wacko1977 off one's meds1986 a1844 in Filson Club Hist. Q. (1935) 9 226 Tell him not to show his damned old gourd. 1891 ‘M. Twain’ tr. Hoffmann's Slovenly Peter (1935) 22 He..never got it through his gourd That he was walking overboard. 1974 E. Brawley Rap 381 I can operate six scams at one time right in my gourd. 1977 C. McFadden Serial xxxiii. 73/2 She was still stoned out of her gourd. 1985 New Yorker 22 Apr. 66/3 Anybody who lends a billion dollars to Mexico is out of his ever-lovin' gourd. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † gourdn.² Forms: Also 1500s gowrde, 1500s–1600s gord(e. Etymology: < Old French gourt, gourd: see gorce n., gore n.⁴ Obsolete. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > whirlpool > [noun] swallowa700 weelc897 suckc1220 swallowinga1387 swelthc1400 swirlc1425 gorce1480 vorage1490 whirlpool1530 gourd1538 gulf1538 poolc1540 hurlpool1552 whirlpit1564 sea-gulf1571 maelstrom1588 vorago1654 well1654 gurges1664 gurge1667 swelchiea1688 vortex1704 tourbillion1712 whirly-pool1727 wheel-pit1828 sea-puss1839 turn-hole1851 suck-hole1909 the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > movement in or on water > [noun] > moving freely on surface > that which or one who gourd1538 natation1542 floater1717 gourd1774 floatable1864 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Addicion Aquilegium, a gourde of water, which cometh of rayne. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Colliquiae, greate gourdes of water runnyng through fieldes. 1589 J. Rider Bibliotheca Scholastica 669 A Gorde of water, which commeth by raine, aquilegium. 1670 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 3) Gord,..a Whirlpool, or deep hole in a River or other waters. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † gourdn.³ Forms: Also 1500s–1600s gord(e, (1600s goade?). Etymology: Compare Old French gourd a swindle, ‘fourberie’, of which Godefroy has one example. Obsolete. A kind of false dice. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > die or dice > false or loaded stop-dice1540 bar1545 flat1545 gourd1545 barred dicec1555 bristle-dicec1555 fulhamc1555 graviersc1555 high manc1555 langretc1555 low manc1555 cheat1567 dice of vantage?1577 demy1591 forger1591 squarier1592 tallmen?1592 stop cater trey1605 demi-bar1606 downhill1664 high runner1670 low runner1670 doctor1688 tat1688 uphill1699 cut1711 loaded dice1771 dispatcher1798 dispatch1819 miss-out1928 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 19 What false dise vse they: as..dise of a vauntage, flattes, gourdes to chop and chaunge whan they lyste. c1555 Manifest Detection Diceplay sig. Ai^v A bale of Gordes with as many hyghe men as lowe men for passage. 1606 No-body & Some-body sig. I2^v Heares fulloms and gourds: heeres tall-men & low-men. 1606 G. Chapman Monsieur D'Oliue iv. i. F 3 The Goade, the Fulham, and the stop-kater-tre. a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) i. iii. 80 Let Vultures gripe thy guts: for gourd, and Fullam holds: & high and low beguiles the rich & poore. View more context for this quotation 1616 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Scornful Ladie iv. sig. H1 Thy dry bones can reach at nothing now, but gords or ninepinnes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹1303n.²1538n.³1545
随便看	blondmetal blondness blondnesses blonds bloness blonk blonks blood blood accusation blood affinity blood agar blood alcohol blood alley blood and fire blood and gore blood and guts blood and iron blood and soil blood and thunder blood band blood bank blood banker blood banking blood baptism blood bay

gourdn.1

Compounds

Derivatives

Draft additions 1993

† gourdn.2

† gourdn.3

gourdn.¹

† gourdn.²

† gourdn.³