Abban.¹

Brit.

/ˈabə/, U.S.

/ˈɑbə/,

/əˈbɑ/

Forms: also occasionally with lower-case initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Coptic. Partly a borrowing from Geez. Partly a borrowing from Hebrew. Partly a borrowing from Aramaic. Etymons: Latin abba; Coptic abba; Geez 'abbā; Hebrew 'abbā; Aramaic 'abbā.

Etymology: In sense 1 < post-classical Latin abba (Vulgate) < Hellenistic Greek ἀββά (New Testament) < Aramaic 'abbā ‘father’, in extended use also as invocation to God the Father, emphatic form of 'ab father, cognate with the Semitic words for ‘father’ cited at Abuna n. Compare Spanish abba (c1270), Italian abba (14th–15th cent.). In sense 2 partly (with reference to the Desert Fathers and to male religious and clergy in the Coptic Orthodox Church) < Coptic abba (more usually apa ; < Byzantine Greek ἀββάς : see abbot n.), partly (with reference to male religious and clergy in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church) < Geez 'abbā, partly (with reference to male religious and clergy in the Syrian Orthodox Church) after Syriac 'aḇā, and partly (in quot. a1762) < post-biblical Hebrew 'abbā, a title given to scholars, and its etymon Aramaic 'abbā; compare father n. 7, and also padre n. 1, pater n.² 1, père n. 1.

1. An invocation to God as father. Chiefly in Abba, father.Originally in biblical use, Abba being retained in the text of the New Testament along with its translation father.In quot. OE² in an exegetical passage applying Romans 8:15 to the role of the abbot as head of the monastery (cf. discussion at abbot n.).

ΚΠ

OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) xiv. 36 Þa cwæð he, abba, þæt is fæder on ure geþeode, ealle þing þe synt mihtiglice.

OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) ii. 10 Ge onfengon bearna gewiscinge gast, on þæm we clypiað abba, þæt is fæder [a1225 Winteney abba, þat is fæder; L. abba pater].

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. viii. 15 Ȝe han taken the spirit of adopcioun of sones..in which spirit we cryen ‘Abba, fadir’ [L. Abba (Pater)].

1557 Bible (Whittingham) Rom. viii. 15 The Sprite of adoption, whereby we crye Abba, that is to say, Father.

1611 Bible (King James) Mark xiv. 36 And he said, Abba, father, all things are possible vnto thee.

1707 I. Watts Hymns & Spiritual Songs i. 62 My Faith shall Abba, Father, cry And thou the Kindred own.

1837 S. Jackson tr. H. E. F. Guerike Life Augustus Herman Franké vii. 192 It is the Holy Spirit's peculiar work..to produce love to God in believers, so that they are enabled to call God, Abba, dear Father!

1869 E. S. P. Ward Gates Ajar ii. 15 It's your duty... To be resigned, my dear young friend. To say ‘Abba, Father,’ and pray that the will of the Lord be done.

1902 W. C. Smith Poet. Wks. IX. 483 For this too is Thy house, and Thou art near, Abba, Father!

2006 A. B. H. Percival Come apart with God 263 This relationship Jesus passed on to Christians, so that we too can say ‘Abba Father’.

2. A title of respect given to a religious leader or other holy man, esp. in the Middle East; spec. (in the Syrian Orthodox, Ethiopian Orthodox, and Coptic Churches) a title given to bishops and patriarchs.

ΚΠ

1652 J. Smith Select Disc. 525 Abba is a word of honour and glory, even as Rabbi: whence the Latin Abbas, and our English Abbot, have been derived to denote the greatest person in a society.

a1762 D. Jennings Jewish Antiq. (1766) I. vii. 412 Maimonides tell us, that men of the degree of rabbi were also called Abba, or father.

1790 Encycl. Brit. (Dublin ed.) I. 7/1 The bishops themselves bestow the title of Abba more eminently on the bishop of Alexandria.

1844 W. C. Harris Highlands Æthiopia III. App. 401 (table) Fasts and Festivals... Abba Moses, the Hermit.

1883 F. H. A. Scrivener Plain Introd. Crit. New Test. (ed. 3) iii. 385 They were copied however from a previous MS in the handwriting of the patriarch Abba Gabriel.

1902 H. F. Helmolt World's Hist. IV. iii. 218 The Abyssinian Church..stood..in connection with the Coptic Church..and from it receives even at the present day its metropolitan (‘abba’).

1982 W. K. Vyhmeister in K.A. Strand Sabbath in Script. & Hist. ix. 176 Ignatius II, patriarch of Antioch, retaliated by appointing an Ethiopian pilgrim, Abba Thomas, as metropolitan of Ethiopia.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

abban.²

Brit.

/əˈbɑː/, U.S.

/əˈbɑ/

Origin: A borrowing from Urdu. Etymon: Urdu abbā.

Etymology: < Urdu abbā , apparently ultimately < Arabic ab (see Abuna n. and compare Abba n.¹). Compare earlier baba n.²

Indian English.

One's father; a father. Often used as a familiar form of address.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > parent > father > [noun]

fatherOE

sirec1250

authora1398

flesh-fathera1400

genitor1447

daddy1523

dad1533

bab1598

patera1600

dada1672

relieving officer1677

papa1681

pappy1722

baba1771

pa1773

governor1783

paw1826

fatherkin1839

pop1840

bap1842

pap1844

da1851

baba1862

puppa1885

pops1893

poppa1897

pot and pan1900

papasana1904

daddy-o1913

bapu1930

baby-father1932

abba1955

birth father1977

1955 K. A. Abbas Inqilab xx. 350 ‘Yes, abba’, and he rushed into the waiting arms of his father!

1971 Times of India 25 Apr. 8/2 Our Abba helped Sheikh Sahib with the trains.

1997 T. Naqvi in M. Shamsie Dragonfly in Sun 336 Amma and Abba put up stoical fronts and went about their business with long faces and deep sighs, but no harsh words.

2003 M. Ali Brick Lane i. 12 When her father asked if she would like to see a photograph of the man she would marry.., Nazneen..replied, ‘Abba, it is good that you have chosen my husband’.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abba
释义	Abban.¹ Brit. /ˈabə/, U.S. /ˈɑbə/, /əˈbɑ/ Forms: also occasionally with lower-case initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Coptic. Partly a borrowing from Geez. Partly a borrowing from Hebrew. Partly a borrowing from Aramaic. Etymons: Latin abba; Coptic abba; Geez 'abbā; Hebrew 'abbā; Aramaic 'abbā. Etymology: In sense 1 < post-classical Latin abba (Vulgate) < Hellenistic Greek ἀββά (New Testament) < Aramaic 'abbā ‘father’, in extended use also as invocation to God the Father, emphatic form of 'ab father, cognate with the Semitic words for ‘father’ cited at Abuna n. Compare Spanish abba (c1270), Italian abba (14th–15th cent.). In sense 2 partly (with reference to the Desert Fathers and to male religious and clergy in the Coptic Orthodox Church) < Coptic abba (more usually apa ; < Byzantine Greek ἀββάς : see abbot n.), partly (with reference to male religious and clergy in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church) < Geez 'abbā, partly (with reference to male religious and clergy in the Syrian Orthodox Church) after Syriac 'aḇā, and partly (in quot. a1762) < post-biblical Hebrew 'abbā, a title given to scholars, and its etymon Aramaic 'abbā; compare father n. 7, and also padre n. 1, pater n.² 1, père n. 1. 1. An invocation to God as father. Chiefly in Abba, father.Originally in biblical use, Abba being retained in the text of the New Testament along with its translation father.In quot. OE² in an exegetical passage applying Romans 8:15 to the role of the abbot as head of the monastery (cf. discussion at abbot n.). ΚΠ OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) xiv. 36 Þa cwæð he, abba, þæt is fæder on ure geþeode, ealle þing þe synt mihtiglice. OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) ii. 10 Ge onfengon bearna gewiscinge gast, on þæm we clypiað abba, þæt is fæder [a1225 Winteney abba, þat is fæder; L. abba pater]. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. viii. 15 Ȝe han taken the spirit of adopcioun of sones..in which spirit we cryen ‘Abba, fadir’ [L. Abba (Pater)]. 1557 Bible (Whittingham) Rom. viii. 15 The Sprite of adoption, whereby we crye Abba, that is to say, Father. 1611 Bible (King James) Mark xiv. 36 And he said, Abba, father, all things are possible vnto thee. View more context for this quotation 1707 I. Watts Hymns & Spiritual Songs i. 62 My Faith shall Abba, Father, cry And thou the Kindred own. 1837 S. Jackson tr. H. E. F. Guerike Life Augustus Herman Franké vii. 192 It is the Holy Spirit's peculiar work..to produce love to God in believers, so that they are enabled to call God, Abba, dear Father! 1869 E. S. P. Ward Gates Ajar ii. 15 It's your duty... To be resigned, my dear young friend. To say ‘Abba, Father,’ and pray that the will of the Lord be done. 1902 W. C. Smith Poet. Wks. IX. 483 For this too is Thy house, and Thou art near, Abba, Father! 2006 A. B. H. Percival Come apart with God 263 This relationship Jesus passed on to Christians, so that we too can say ‘Abba Father’. 2. A title of respect given to a religious leader or other holy man, esp. in the Middle East; spec. (in the Syrian Orthodox, Ethiopian Orthodox, and Coptic Churches) a title given to bishops and patriarchs. ΚΠ 1652 J. Smith Select Disc. 525 Abba is a word of honour and glory, even as Rabbi: whence the Latin Abbas, and our English Abbot, have been derived to denote the greatest person in a society. a1762 D. Jennings Jewish Antiq. (1766) I. vii. 412 Maimonides tell us, that men of the degree of rabbi were also called Abba, or father. 1790 Encycl. Brit. (Dublin ed.) I. 7/1 The bishops themselves bestow the title of Abba more eminently on the bishop of Alexandria. 1844 W. C. Harris Highlands Æthiopia III. App. 401 (table) Fasts and Festivals... Abba Moses, the Hermit. 1883 F. H. A. Scrivener Plain Introd. Crit. New Test. (ed. 3) iii. 385 They were copied however from a previous MS in the handwriting of the patriarch Abba Gabriel. 1902 H. F. Helmolt World's Hist. IV. iii. 218 The Abyssinian Church..stood..in connection with the Coptic Church..and from it receives even at the present day its metropolitan (‘abba’). 1982 W. K. Vyhmeister in K.A. Strand Sabbath in Script. & Hist. ix. 176 Ignatius II, patriarch of Antioch, retaliated by appointing an Ethiopian pilgrim, Abba Thomas, as metropolitan of Ethiopia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). abban.² Brit. /əˈbɑː/, U.S. /əˈbɑ/ Origin: A borrowing from Urdu. Etymon: Urdu abbā. Etymology: < Urdu abbā , apparently ultimately < Arabic ab (see Abuna n. and compare Abba n.¹). Compare earlier baba n.² Indian English. One's father; a father. Often used as a familiar form of address. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > parent > father > [noun] fatherOE sirec1250 authora1398 flesh-fathera1400 genitor1447 daddy1523 dad1533 bab1598 patera1600 dada1672 relieving officer1677 papa1681 pappy1722 baba1771 pa1773 governor1783 paw1826 fatherkin1839 pop1840 bap1842 pap1844 da1851 baba1862 puppa1885 pops1893 poppa1897 pot and pan1900 papasana1904 daddy-o1913 bapu1930 baby-father1932 abba1955 birth father1977 1955 K. A. Abbas Inqilab xx. 350 ‘Yes, abba’, and he rushed into the waiting arms of his father! 1971 Times of India 25 Apr. 8/2 Our Abba helped Sheikh Sahib with the trains. 1997 T. Naqvi in M. Shamsie Dragonfly in Sun 336 Amma and Abba put up stoical fronts and went about their business with long faces and deep sighs, but no harsh words. 2003 M. Ali Brick Lane i. 12 When her father asked if she would like to see a photograph of the man she would marry.., Nazneen..replied, ‘Abba, it is good that you have chosen my husband’. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹OEn.²1955
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Abban.1

abban.2

Abban.¹

abban.²