† abavev.

Forms: Middle English abaude (past participle), Middle English abaue, Middle English abave, Middle English–1500s abawe.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French abaubir.

Etymology: Apparently < Middle French abaubir to astonish, frighten, disconcert (late 12th cent. in Old French), (reflexive) to be astonished, disconcerted (1275 in Old French, also occasionally intransitive in the same sense (a1400); see abob v.). Compare Middle French estre abaubi to be astonished, frightened, disconcerted (a1338).

Obsolete.

transitive (in passive). To be surprised, disconcerted, discomfited, upset. Also occasionally intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > surprise, astonish [verb (transitive)]

gloppena1250

abavea1400

ferlya1400

forferlya1400

supprisec1405

stonish1488

surprend1549

stagger1556

thunderbolta1586

admire1598

startle1598

thunderstrike1613

siderate1623

dumbfound1653

surprise1655

stammer1656

strange1657

astartlea1680

dumbfounder1710

knock1715

to take aback1751

flabbergast1773

to take back1796

stagnate1829

to put aback1833

to make (a person) sit up1878

to knock, lay (out), etc., cold1884

transmogrify1887

rock1947

to flip out1964

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 9535 (MED) Loke how ȝe mow be a-bawed, þat seye þat þe Iewe ys saued.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 358 (MED) Of hym thei wer abauyd [rhyme sauid].

a1450 ( G. Chaucer Bk. Duchess (Tanner 346) (1871) l. 614 Mi countenaunce is nicete And al abaved [c1450 Fairf. abawed] where so I be.

c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Legend St. Austin (Harl. 2255) l. 260 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 201 (MED) Of this terrible doolful inspeccioun The peeplis hertys gretly gan abave.

a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Visions of Tundale (1843) 94 (MED) Wherof the tyrant gretly con abave.

1532 Romaunt Rose in Wks. G. Chaucer f. cxlvii/2 I was abawed for marueyle.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	abave
释义	† abavev. Forms: Middle English abaude (past participle), Middle English abaue, Middle English abave, Middle English–1500s abawe. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French abaubir. Etymology: Apparently < Middle French abaubir to astonish, frighten, disconcert (late 12th cent. in Old French), (reflexive) to be astonished, disconcerted (1275 in Old French, also occasionally intransitive in the same sense (a1400); see abob v.). Compare Middle French estre abaubi to be astonished, frightened, disconcerted (a1338). Obsolete. transitive (in passive). To be surprised, disconcerted, discomfited, upset. Also occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > surprise, astonish [verb (transitive)] gloppena1250 abavea1400 ferlya1400 forferlya1400 supprisec1405 stonish1488 surprend1549 stagger1556 thunderbolta1586 admire1598 startle1598 thunderstrike1613 siderate1623 dumbfound1653 surprise1655 stammer1656 strange1657 astartlea1680 dumbfounder1710 knock1715 to take aback1751 flabbergast1773 to take back1796 stagnate1829 to put aback1833 to make (a person) sit up1878 to knock, lay (out), etc., cold1884 transmogrify1887 rock1947 to flip out1964 a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 9535 (MED) Loke how ȝe mow be a-bawed, þat seye þat þe Iewe ys saued. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 358 (MED) Of hym thei wer abauyd [rhyme sauid]. a1450 ( G. Chaucer Bk. Duchess (Tanner 346) (1871) l. 614 Mi countenaunce is nicete And al abaved [c1450 Fairf. abawed] where so I be. c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Legend St. Austin (Harl. 2255) l. 260 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 201 (MED) Of this terrible doolful inspeccioun The peeplis hertys gretly gan abave. a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Visions of Tundale (1843) 94 (MED) Wherof the tyrant gretly con abave. 1532 Romaunt Rose in Wks. G. Chaucer f. cxlvii/2 I was abawed for marueyle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < v.a1400
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