giltheadn.
/ˈɡɪlthɛd/, U.S. /ˈɡɪltˌhɛd/ 1. Any of several marine fishes having golden markings on the head; esp. a bream of the Mediterranean and north-east Atlantic, Sparus aurata. Cf. gilthead bream n. at Compounds.
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the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > member of family Coryphaenidae (dolphin)
gilthead1538
dorado1604
dolphin1626
golden-poll1655
goldfish1670
pudding-wife1735
river porpoise1736
river dolphin1781
pudding fish?a1808
mahimahi1905
lampuki1925
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Labrioidei (wrasse) > [noun] > family Labridae > member of genus Crenilabrus (gilt-head)
aurata?1527
peacock of the sea?1527
gilthead1538
cunner1602
golden-poll1655
peacock fish1661
sea-roach1668
goldsinnya1705
goldfinny1795
golden maid1814
cork-wing1836
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Scombroidei (mackerel) > [noun] > family Scombridae > sarda sarda (striped tunny)
gilthead1538
bonito1541
golden-poll1655
katonkel1853
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Orata, a fyshe called a gylte heed.
1589 J. Sparke in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 542 Of these [sc. flying fish] we sawe..a hundreth in a companie..chased by the Gilt heads, otherwise called the Bonitoes.
1591 R. Turnbull Expos. Epist. St. Iames f. 102 They are not vnlike the fish Scarus, which some take to be the Gilthead or Goldenie.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 76 The Guilt-head or Goldine is whiter, and not..of so hard a substance as the Allowes.
1623 J. Webster Deuils Law-case i. i It may be, whiles he hopes to catch a gilt-head, He may draw up a gudgeon.
1673 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 105 Gilt-Heads, Aurata, Chrysophrys.
1725 N. Bailey tr. Erasmus All Familiar Colloquies 579 Don't think that any Lucullus sups more pleasantly upon his..Gilt-heads, Sturgeons, or Lampreys.
1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 197 The Gilt-Head..takes its name from its predominant color; that of the forehead and sides being as if gilt.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 305 The Ophidium, or Gilthead..is by sailors called the dolphin, and gives chace to the flying-fish.
1836 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes I. 293 The Gilt-head, Connor, Golden Maid. Crenilabrus tinca.
1892 B. F. Fries et al. Hist. Scand. Fishes (ed. 2) I. 53/1 The Gilt-head (Sparus aurata) was kept alive in captivity and fed on mussels, to form a highly prized dish.
1902 Belfast, 1902 (Belfast Naturalists' Field Club) 176 Crenilabrus melops.—The Gilthead is, next to the Ballan Wrasse, the most common species around the coast.
1989 Cruising World Dec. 57/1 Through the crest of a wave, we see a pair of elegant giltheads escorting our boat.
2010 Irish Examiner (Nexis) 16 Aug. Nowadays most larger giltheads are reared in fish farms.
2. toothed gilthead n. now rare Ray's bream, Brama brama, which has silvery colouring and sharp, slender teeth.
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the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > family Bramidae (pomfrets) > member of (pomfret)
sea-bream1710
toothed gilthead1776
breamflat1836
Ray's bream1836
pomfret1890
batfish1927
1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) III. iv. 243 (heading) Toothed Gilt-Head.
1832 G. Johnston in Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 1 No. 1. 7 The most remarkable..were..the toothed gilt-head, the sea perch.
1985 Gourmet July 100/3 La Sirena receives regular shipments of such species as..dentice (dentex, or toothed gilthead, a toothy gray fish that bears no resemblance to the domestic red snapper often billed as dentice on Italian menus hereabout).
Compounds
gilthead bream n. (more fully gilthead sea bream) a sparid marine fish of the Mediterranean and north-east Atlantic, Sparus aurata, which has a gold marking between the eyes and is an esteemed food fish.
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1853 Descriptive Catal. Osteol. Series Mus. Royal Coll. Surgeons I. 59 The premaxillary bones and left dentary bone of the Gilthead Bream (Chrysophrys aurata).
1904 G. A. Boulenger in S. F. Harmer & A. E. SHipley Cambr. Nat. Hist. VII. xxiii. 665 (caption) Gilt-head Sea-Bream (Pagrus auratus). A, its dentition.
1956 Rep. & Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 88 267 Gilt Head Bream, Pagrus auratus—caught on hook and line from Steer Point, August 27th, 1955.
2002 World Aquaculture Sept. 19/1 Mediterranean aquaculture production is characterized by the dominance of two species, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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