ghulamn.

Brit.

/ɡəʊˈlɑːm/, U.S.

/ɡoʊˈlɑm/

Forms: 1600s 1800s goulam, 1800s gholaum, 1800s ghoolam, 1800s golaum, 1800s–1900s gholam, 1800s–1900s goolam, 1800s– ghulam, 1800s– gulam.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Etymons: French goulam; Persian ġulām.

Etymology: < (i) French goulam (1677 in the passage translated in quot. 1677), and its etymon (ii) Persian ġulām boy, youth, servant, slave, slave soldier, royal guard < Arabic ġulām boy, youth, servant, slave.The forms with -o- (e.g. gholam) reflect the pronunciation of the vowel in modern Iranian Persian.

Now historical.

A member of the bodyguard of the Shah of Iran (Persia), originally consisting of foreign slave soldiers, often from the Caucasus region; (later also) an armed officer in the service of the Shah, typically working as a guard, escort, or courier for an embassy or other diplomatic mission. Also in more general use with reference to other important royal servants in Muslim countries.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > message > [noun] > messenger

erendrakec825

bodec888

apostlec950

sand1038

sandesman1123

sanderbodec1200

bearer?c1225

errand-bearer?c1225

messenger?c1225

erindeberea1250

sand-manc1275

beadsman1377

herald1377

messagea1382

runnera1382

sendmana1400

interpreter1490

nuntius1534

post1535

pursuivant?1536

nuncius1573

nuncio1587

carrier1594

nunciate1596

mercury1597

chiaus1599

foreranger1612

postera1614

irisa1616

missivea1616

chouse1632

angela1637

caduceator1684

purpose messenger1702

errand-bringer1720

harkara1747

commissionaire1749

carrier pigeon1785

errander1803

errand-porter1818

tchaush1819

card carrier1845

errand-goer1864

choush1866

ghulam1882

1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. v. x. 224 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) The Gouler-Agasi is General of the Goulams, or Slaves... They are for the most part runnegade Georgians; and there are about 18000 of these Goulams, being all Horse-men.

1820 M. Tancoigne Narr. Journey Persia 252 The goulams always escort the king when he appears in public, or when he leaves the city to hunt.

1882 E. O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. 319 We had with us a gholam, or courier, belonging to the British Legation at Teheran.

1923 Blackwood's Mag. Jan. 45/1 There were two Ghulams, who performed the functions of the Turkish Cavass, with the difference that they were mounted.

2014 K. Roy Mil. Transition in Early Mod. Asia i. 24 The Caliphate and later the rulers of the Caliphate successor states..in Persia, Iraq and Afghanistan believed that the ghulams without any local ties would be more dependable than the local troops.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ghulam
释义	ghulamn. Brit. /ɡəʊˈlɑːm/, U.S. /ɡoʊˈlɑm/ Forms: 1600s 1800s goulam, 1800s gholaum, 1800s ghoolam, 1800s golaum, 1800s–1900s gholam, 1800s–1900s goolam, 1800s– ghulam, 1800s– gulam. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Etymons: French goulam; Persian ġulām. Etymology: < (i) French goulam (1677 in the passage translated in quot. 1677), and its etymon (ii) Persian ġulām boy, youth, servant, slave, slave soldier, royal guard < Arabic ġulām boy, youth, servant, slave.The forms with -o- (e.g. gholam) reflect the pronunciation of the vowel in modern Iranian Persian. Now historical. A member of the bodyguard of the Shah of Iran (Persia), originally consisting of foreign slave soldiers, often from the Caucasus region; (later also) an armed officer in the service of the Shah, typically working as a guard, escort, or courier for an embassy or other diplomatic mission. Also in more general use with reference to other important royal servants in Muslim countries. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > message > [noun] > messenger erendrakec825 bodec888 apostlec950 sand1038 sandesman1123 sanderbodec1200 bearer?c1225 errand-bearer?c1225 messenger?c1225 erindeberea1250 sand-manc1275 beadsman1377 herald1377 messagea1382 runnera1382 sendmana1400 interpreter1490 nuntius1534 post1535 pursuivant?1536 nuncius1573 nuncio1587 carrier1594 nunciate1596 mercury1597 chiaus1599 foreranger1612 postera1614 irisa1616 missivea1616 chouse1632 angela1637 caduceator1684 purpose messenger1702 errand-bringer1720 harkara1747 commissionaire1749 carrier pigeon1785 errander1803 errand-porter1818 tchaush1819 card carrier1845 errand-goer1864 choush1866 ghulam1882 1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. v. x. 224 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) The Gouler-Agasi is General of the Goulams, or Slaves... They are for the most part runnegade Georgians; and there are about 18000 of these Goulams, being all Horse-men. 1820 M. Tancoigne Narr. Journey Persia 252 The goulams always escort the king when he appears in public, or when he leaves the city to hunt. 1882 E. O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. 319 We had with us a gholam, or courier, belonging to the British Legation at Teheran. 1923 Blackwood's Mag. Jan. 45/1 There were two Ghulams, who performed the functions of the Turkish Cavass, with the difference that they were mounted. 2014 K. Roy Mil. Transition in Early Mod. Asia i. 24 The Caliphate and later the rulers of the Caliphate successor states..in Persia, Iraq and Afghanistan believed that the ghulams without any local ties would be more dependable than the local troops. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1677
随便看	detribalizes detribalizing detriment detrimental detrimental surface detrimentality detrimentally detrimentalness detrimentals detrimentary detrimentous deutero-nicene deutero-pauline deuterocanonical deuterocol deuterocone deuteroconid deuterodome deuterogamies deuterogamist deuterogamists deuterogamy deuterogenic deuterograph deuteroisaiah