geon.

Brit.

/ˈdʒiːəʊ/,

/ɡɪˈəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈdʒioʊ/,

/ɡiˈoʊ/, Scottish English

/ˈdʒio/,

/ɡjo/

Forms: 1600s gew, 1600s 1800s– gio, 1600s– geo, 1700s guo, 1700s– goe, 1800s geoe, 1800s geow, 1800s geu, 1800s gyo, 1800s– gjo, 1800s– gue.

Origin: A borrowing from Norn.

Etymology: < the unattested Norn reflex of the early Scandinavian word represented by Old Icelandic gjá , Faroese gjógv , (poetic) gjó , gjá , Norwegian regional jo , gjo , all in sense ‘ravine, cleft, chasm’ < the same Germanic base as Old High German gīēn to ask for, request (probably with original sense ‘to desire with open mouth’), and also Old English giwian to ask for, request, Old High German giwēn (in anagiwēn to desire), and Middle Dutch ghēwen to yawn (Dutch geeuwen ), Middle Low German gēwen to yawn, Old High German gewōn to yawn, open the mouth wide (Middle High German gewen , giwen ), all < the same Indo-European base as classical Latin hiāre to gape (see hiatus n.). Compare also Scottish Gaelic geòdha, Manx giau cove, creek (both < early Scandinavian).The local pronunciation in the Northern Isles is /ɡjoː/ (in Orkney also /ɡjuː/), sometimes (by dissimilation) /djoː/. Compare also Scots (Cromarty) duo small creek (variant of geo n.; compare the dissimilated pronunciation cited above):1916 Trans. Sc. Dial. Comm. 2 42 Duo, a small creek.

Originally and chiefly Scottish (Caithness, Orkney, and Shetland).

In Caithness, Orkney, and Shetland: a rocky gully or inlet on the coast. Also in extended use; (Geomorphology) a long, narrow, steep-sided cleft or inlet formed by erosion in coastal cliffs.Frequently in place names in Caithness, Orkney, and Shetland.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bend in coast > [noun] > inlet in river or sea > in sea

fleetc893

pillOE

arm of the seaOE

sounda1300

lougha1387

bracec1400

lough1423

firthc1425

loch1427

resort1477

estuarya1552

inshot1555

mere1574

portlet1577

fret1587

frith1600

sea-gate1605

creek1625

sea-lochc1645

wick1664

fjord1674

voea1688

backwater1867

strait gulf1867

ocean-arm1871

ria1887

fjard1904

geo1934

1617 Sheriff Court Bk. Shetland f. 42^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) The bigging..of ane dyk about the nes..fra the geo of Nes to the dyk on the syde of the loch.

1644 in S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands (1822) 594 He..going with Sueno your husband to the gio heid..desyrit your husband to go befoir him.

1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VIII. 159 A deep hollow, called, in the dialect of the parish, the Wolf's geo.

1821 W. Scott Pirate II. vi. 142 By air and by wick, and by helyer and gio.

1856 E. Edmondston Sketches & Tales Shetland Islands iii. 30 Many a wild geo and shattered crevice.

1878 R. Dick Baker of Thurso viii. 81 And roll along the gyoes far inland.

1882 A. Geikie Geol. Sketches 41 Gios, or narrow steep-walled gullies, or inlets, by which the sea-cliffs are indented.

1883 Standard 21 Mar. 3/7 They came ashore..in a small goe on the west side of Ronsay.

1934 E. Linklater Magnus Merriman xxxiv. 346 The waves..drove another [trawler]..hard ashore in a Westray geo.

1952 Geogr. Jrnl. 118 185 The geos are of all sizes from the small but deep clefts near Arbroath, through the medium-sized inlets south of Dunnottar, to the bigger ones in Caithness, and Ham Geo in South Ronaldsay.

1960 K. Williamson & J. M. Boyd St. Kilda Summer x. 102 The route rises to the right following a series of ledges into the geo.

1988 J. J. Graham & J. Tait Shetland Folk Bk. VIII. 49 Noo, helpless, da Elvira drifted wi da elements until wind an tide set 'er ashore i da nort gio o Noss.

2005 M. L. Schwartz Encycl. Coastal Sci. 228/2 At Flamborough Head..there are more than 55 narrow inlets or geos.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	geo
释义	geon. Brit. /ˈdʒiːəʊ/, /ɡɪˈəʊ/, U.S. /ˈdʒioʊ/, /ɡiˈoʊ/, Scottish English /ˈdʒio/, /ɡjo/ Forms: 1600s gew, 1600s 1800s– gio, 1600s– geo, 1700s guo, 1700s– goe, 1800s geoe, 1800s geow, 1800s geu, 1800s gyo, 1800s– gjo, 1800s– gue. Origin: A borrowing from Norn. Etymology: < the unattested Norn reflex of the early Scandinavian word represented by Old Icelandic gjá , Faroese gjógv , (poetic) gjó , gjá , Norwegian regional jo , gjo , all in sense ‘ravine, cleft, chasm’ < the same Germanic base as Old High German gīēn to ask for, request (probably with original sense ‘to desire with open mouth’), and also Old English giwian to ask for, request, Old High German giwēn (in anagiwēn to desire), and Middle Dutch ghēwen to yawn (Dutch geeuwen ), Middle Low German gēwen to yawn, Old High German gewōn to yawn, open the mouth wide (Middle High German gewen , giwen ), all < the same Indo-European base as classical Latin hiāre to gape (see hiatus n.). Compare also Scottish Gaelic geòdha, Manx giau cove, creek (both < early Scandinavian).The local pronunciation in the Northern Isles is /ɡjoː/ (in Orkney also /ɡjuː/), sometimes (by dissimilation) /djoː/. Compare also Scots (Cromarty) duo small creek (variant of geo n.; compare the dissimilated pronunciation cited above):1916 Trans. Sc. Dial. Comm. 2 42 Duo, a small creek. Originally and chiefly Scottish (Caithness, Orkney, and Shetland). In Caithness, Orkney, and Shetland: a rocky gully or inlet on the coast. Also in extended use; (Geomorphology) a long, narrow, steep-sided cleft or inlet formed by erosion in coastal cliffs.Frequently in place names in Caithness, Orkney, and Shetland. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bend in coast > [noun] > inlet in river or sea > in sea fleetc893 pillOE arm of the seaOE sounda1300 lougha1387 bracec1400 lough1423 firthc1425 loch1427 resort1477 estuarya1552 inshot1555 mere1574 portlet1577 fret1587 frith1600 sea-gate1605 creek1625 sea-lochc1645 wick1664 fjord1674 voea1688 backwater1867 strait gulf1867 ocean-arm1871 ria1887 fjard1904 geo1934 1617 Sheriff Court Bk. Shetland f. 42^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) The bigging..of ane dyk about the nes..fra the geo of Nes to the dyk on the syde of the loch. 1644 in S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands (1822) 594 He..going with Sueno your husband to the gio heid..desyrit your husband to go befoir him. 1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VIII. 159 A deep hollow, called, in the dialect of the parish, the Wolf's geo. 1821 W. Scott Pirate II. vi. 142 By air and by wick, and by helyer and gio. 1856 E. Edmondston Sketches & Tales Shetland Islands iii. 30 Many a wild geo and shattered crevice. 1878 R. Dick Baker of Thurso viii. 81 And roll along the gyoes far inland. 1882 A. Geikie Geol. Sketches 41 Gios, or narrow steep-walled gullies, or inlets, by which the sea-cliffs are indented. 1883 Standard 21 Mar. 3/7 They came ashore..in a small goe on the west side of Ronsay. 1934 E. Linklater Magnus Merriman xxxiv. 346 The waves..drove another [trawler]..hard ashore in a Westray geo. 1952 Geogr. Jrnl. 118 185 The geos are of all sizes from the small but deep clefts near Arbroath, through the medium-sized inlets south of Dunnottar, to the bigger ones in Caithness, and Ham Geo in South Ronaldsay. 1960 K. Williamson & J. M. Boyd St. Kilda Summer x. 102 The route rises to the right following a series of ledges into the geo. 1988 J. J. Graham & J. Tait Shetland Folk Bk. VIII. 49 Noo, helpless, da Elvira drifted wi da elements until wind an tide set 'er ashore i da nort gio o Noss. 2005 M. L. Schwartz Encycl. Coastal Sci. 228/2 At Flamborough Head..there are more than 55 narrow inlets or geos. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : geo-comb. form < n.1617 see also
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geon.

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